Adsorption of Lead on Gel Combustion Derived Nano ZnO

AbstractMany naturally available materials were used as adsorbents to remove heavy metal ions from water, which are not effective because of low surface area. Novel nano materials are used as adsorbents to remove metal ions to treat potable water. In the present work nano sized large surface area Zinc Oxide (ZnO) was synthesized by gel combustion method and used as an adsorbent to remove lead (II) (Pb2+) from aqueous solution. The nano ZnO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDAX) and surface area analysis. Effect of lead concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH on adsorption was studied. Increase in the initial concentration of Pb, decreases the percentage of adsorption, whereas increase in the adsorbent dosage and pH of the solution, increases the adsorption of Pb2+ on ZnO. Synthesized nano ZnO shows almost complete Pb adsorption at lower initial concentration. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of Pb on nano ZnO adsorbent were measured and extrapolated using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models and the experimental data perfectly fits both adsorption isotherms

Genome-Wide Association Study for Type 2 Diabetes in Indians Identifies a New Susceptibility Locus at 2q21

Indians undergoing socioeconomic and lifestyle transitions will be maximally affected by epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of T2D in 12,535 Indians, a less explored but high-risk group. We identified a new type 2 diabetes–associated locus at 2q21, with the lead signal being rs6723108 (odds ratio 1.31; P = 3.32 3 1029 ). Imputation analysis refined the signal to rs998451 (odds ratio 1.56; P = 6.3 3 10212) within TMEM163 that encodes a probable vesicular transporter in nerve terminals. TMEM163 variants also showed association with decreased fasting plasma insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, indicating a plausible effect through impaired insulin secretion. The 2q21 region also harbors RAB3GAP1 and ACMSD; those are involved in neurologic disorders. Forty-nine of 56 previously reported signals showed consistency in direction with similar effect sizes in Indians and previous studies, and 25 of them were also associated (P , 0.05). Known loci and the newly identified 2q21 locus altogether explained 7.65% variance in the risk of T2D in Indians. Our study suggests that common susceptibility variants for T2D are largely the same across populations, but also reveals a population-specific locus and provides further insights into genetic architecture and etiology of T2D

Effectiveness of Video-Based Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of COVID-19 Health Care Workers: Lesson for Future Pandemic Preparedness

Introduction As we have seen from the previous health emergencies, most recently the COVID-19 pandemic, public health education is often the first line of defense in any disease prevention. Through a short educational video intervention, this study aims to improve the awareness regarding COVID-19 infection control practices to be followed in a clinical laboratory

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Implementation research on diabetes in India: A systematic review

Background: There is a wide range of effective interventions for the prevention of diabetes, but few of these approaches have been extensively utilized in real-world settings. The objective of this systematic review was to assess and collate existing evidence in implementation research (IR) on prevention, control and treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in India. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses - Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines were used to create the protocol for the systematic review. Articles published in the previous 20 years (2001–2020) and published in English language were included in the study. Electronic databases such as MEDLINE (through PubMed gateway), EMBASE, and Science Direct; search engines like Google scholar and ProQuest were systematically searched using separate search protocols for each database. Retrieved articles were screened for titles and abstracts and assessed by two independent reviewers. Using standard checklists, the articles also underwent a risk of bias assessment, and a narrative summary was written using SWiM guidelines. Results: Sixteen studies were included in the review, which included three implementation studies related to screening of diabetes, three studies on the management of diabetes, three studies related to lifestyle interventions, one on behavioral intervention, two on electronic support system-based interventions, and the remaining four studies explored IR in other areas of diabetes. The key attributes of implementation research such as acceptability, feasibility, adoption, economic evaluation measures like cost-effectiveness, operational issues like barriers, and facilitating factors were addressed by most of the studies, in varying extents. Conclusion: Implementation research on diabetes mellitus in India is very limited which underscores the importance of creating awareness about the need of IR and building capacity and skills for conducting IR among various stakeholders