5,914 research outputs found
FORTRAN 4 digital program changer
Computer program modifies other source language programs as aid to debugging, checkout and final documentation to eliminate manual performance of rearranging and incrementing statement numbers, identifying and sequencing cards and inserting and/or removing end-of-batch symbols
The search for novel analgesics: re-examining spinal cord circuits with new tools
In this perspective, we propose the absence of detailed information regarding spinal cord
circuits that process sensory information remains a major barrier to advancing analgesia.
We highlight recent advances showing that functionally discrete populations of neurons in
the spinal cord dorsal horn play distinct roles in processing sensory information. We then
discuss new molecular, electrophysiological, and optogenetic techniques that can be
employed to understand how dorsal horn circuits process tactile and nociceptive
information. We believe this information can drive the development of entirely new classes
of pharmacotherapies that target key elements in spinal circuits to selectively modify
sensory function and blunt pain
Approximate roots of a valuation and the Pierce-Birkhoff Conjecture
This paper is a step in our program for proving the Piece-Birkhoff Conjecture
for regular rings of any dimension (this would contain, in particular, the
classical Pierce-Birkhoff conjecture which deals with polynomial rings over a
real closed field). We first recall the Connectedness and the Definable
Connectedness conjectures, both of which imply the Pierce - Birkhoff
conjecture. Then we introduce the notion of a system of approximate roots of a
valuation v on a ring A (that is, a collection Q of elements of A such that
every v-ideal is generated by products of elements of Q). We use approximate
roots to give explicit formulae for sets in the real spectrum of A which we
strongly believe to satisfy the conclusion of the Definable Connectedness
conjecture. We prove this claim in the special case of dimension 2. This proves
the Pierce-Birkhoff conjecture for arbitrary regular 2-dimensional rings
Variations of the Mid-IR Aromatic Features Inside and Among Galaxies
We present the results of a systematic study of mid-IR spectra of Galactic
regions, Magellanic HII regions, and galaxies of various types (dwarf, spiral,
starburst), observed by the satellites ISO and Spitzer. We study the relative
variations of the 6.2, 7.7, 8.6 and 11.3 micron features inside spatially
resolved objects (such as M82, M51, 30 Doradus, M17 and the Orion Bar), as well
as among 90 integrated spectra of 50 objects. Our main results are that the
6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 micron bands are essentially tied together, while the ratios
between these bands and the 11.3 micron band varies by one order of magnitude.
This implies that the properties of the PAHs are remarkably universal
throughout our sample, and that the relative variations of the band ratios are
mainly controled by the fraction of ionized PAHs. In particular, we show that
we can rule out both the modification of the PAH size distribution, and the
mid-infrared extinction, as an explanation of these variations. Using a few
well-studied Galactic regions (including the spectral image of the Orion Bar),
we give an empirical relation between the I(6.2)/I(11.3) ratio and the
ionization/recombination ratio G0/ne.Tgas^0.5, therefore providing a useful
quantitative diagnostic tool of the physical conditions in the regions where
the PAH emission originates. Finally, we discuss the physical interpretation of
the I(6.2)/I(11.3) ratio, on galactic size scales.Comment: Accepted by the ApJ, 67 pages, 70 figure
Individualisation of time-motion analysis : a method comparison and case report series
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG. This study compared the intensity distribution of time-motion analysis data, when speed zones were categorized by different methods. 12 U18 players undertook a routine battery of laboratory- and field-based assessments to determine their running speed corresponding to the respiratory compensation threshold (RCT), maximal aerobic speed (MAS), maximal oxygen consumption (vVO 2max ) and maximal sprint speed (MSS). Players match-demands were tracked using 5 Hz GPS units in 22 fixtures (50 eligible match observations). The percentage of total distance covered running at high-speed (%HSR), very-high speed (%VHSR) and sprinting were determined using the following speed thresholds: 1) arbitrary; 2) individualised (IND) using RCT, vVO 2max and MSS; 3) individualised via MAS per se; 4) individualised via MSS per se; and 5) individualised using MAS and MSS as measures of locomotor capacities (LOCO). Using MSS in isolation resulted in 61 % and 39 % of player's % HSR and % VHSR, respectively, being incorrectly interpreted, when compared to the IND technique. Estimating the RCT from fractional values of MAS resulted in erroneous interpretations of % HSR in 50 % of cases. The present results suggest that practitioners and researchers should avoid using singular fitness characteristics to individualise the intensity distribution of time-motion analysis data. A combination of players' anaerobic threshold, MAS, and MSS characteristics are recommended to individualise player-tracking data
Mid-infrared observations of the ultraluminous galaxies IRAS14348-1447, IRAS19254-7245, and IRAS23128-5919
We present a study of the three ultraluminous infrared galaxies
IRAS14348-1447, IRAS19254-7245, and IRAS23128-5919, based on mid-infrared (MIR)
spectro-imaging (5-18microns) observations performed with ISOCAM. We find that
the MIR emission from each system, which consists of a pair of interacting late
type galaxies, is principally confined to the nuclear regions with diameters of
1-2kpc and can account for more than 95% of their IRAS 12micron flux. In each
interacting system, the galaxy hosting an active galactic nucleus (AGN)
dominates the total spectrum and shows stronger dust continuum (12-16microns)
relative to the Unidentified Infrared Band (UIB) emission (6-9microns),
suggestive of its enhanced radiation field. The MIR dominant galaxy also
exhibits elevated 15micron/Halpha and 15micron/K ratios which trace the high
extinction due to the large quantities of molecular gas and dust present in its
central regions. Using only diagnostics based on our mid-infrared spectra, we
can establish that the Seyfert galaxy IRAS19254-7245 exhibits MIR spectral
features of an AGN while the MIR spectrum of the Seyfert (or LINER) member of
IRAS23128-5919 is characteristic of dust emission principally heated by star
forming regions.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 13 pages, 9
figure
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