Entre linhas, redes e circuitos LGBTQ+: uma abordagem etnográfica dos estilos e padrões de uso de cocaína em São Paulo/Brasil

This article is the result of long years of ethnographic research in the city of São Paulo with cocaine users in different territories and circuits, especially LGBTQ+ consumers in the central region of the state capital. The research was constructed with direct observations and with the employment of interviewed with 11 “key informants”", who narrates about their own consumption and the users of their networks of friendships, which they knew better in two different moments in 1994 and 2006. It makes a brief critical commentary on the “state of the art” in this field of study, with particular attention to the production of the social sciences. This research seeks to understand the learning about the use of illicit drugs (cocaine), the forms of user control, the rituals and patterns of use, as well as the life trajectories of cocaine users. Finally, it shows the role played by cocaine in different socio-cultural contexts, particularly the use of cocaine in sexual and homoerotic contexts.Este artigo é fruto de longos anos de pesquisas etnográficas na cidade de São Paulo com consumidores de cocaína, em diferentes territórios e circuitos, especialmente consumidores LGBTQ+ da região central da capital paulista. A pesquisa foi construída em observações diretas e entrevistas com 11 “informantes-chave”, que narram sobre seu próprio consumo e dos usuários de suas redes de amizades, que melhor conhecem, em dois momentos diferentes: 1994 e 2006. Faz um breve comentário crítico sobre o “estado da arte” nesse campo de estudo, com especial atenção para a produção das ciências sociais. Essa pesquisa busca compreender o aprendizado em torno do uso de drogas ilícitas (cocaína), as formas de controle dos usuários, os rituais e os padrões de uso, assim como as trajetórias de vida dos consumidores de cocaína. Por fim, mostra o papel desempenhado pela cocaína em diferentes contextos socioculturais, particularmente o uso de cocaína em contextos sexuais e homoeróticos

Perspectives on blended learning through the on-line platform, LabLessons, for Chemistry

The effectiveness of blended learning was evaluated through the integration of an online chemistry platform, LabLessons. Two modules, Formation of Hydrogen and Titration, were designed by college mentors alongside classroom chemistry teachers to engage and allow high school students to better comprehend these scientific topics. The pre-lab modules introduced the students to experiments they were expected to perform in class the following day. The modules consisted of an introduction as well as either a visualization and/or simulation specific to each topic. Students and teachers who utilized LabLessons were surveyed to establish a preliminary research on the use of technology in classrooms. Student and teacher surveys demonstrated LabLessons to be an interactive and helpful tool to improve students' understanding of conceptual ideasPeer Reviewe

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF USING A BORDER TREATMENT FOR REDUCING ORGANOPHOSPHATE USE IN SEED POTATO PRODUCTION

Recent research shows initial colonization of potato fields by winged green peach aphid is concentrated at field edges. This suggests that insecticides applied only to field margins during initial colonization would largely eliminate a colonizing aphid population, conserve natural enemies in the field center, and reduce insecticide use. To better understand the costs and benefits of reducing organophosphate use, the six participating growers were interviewed to ascertain their reason for participating and their satisfaction with the border only treatment method as well as their estimated net economic benefits. Five of the farms ranked cost reduction as the most important reason for participating. The sixth farm ranked reducing virus spread as the most important reason with cost reduction as their second most important reason. The average cost savings over all 28 participating fields of using the border treatment is estimated to be $23.85 per acre for the entire field-a 93% savings. Almost all the farmers found the border treatment method to be successful at aphid control. None of the farmers observed any impact on the physical yield of seed potato. All the fields were certified during the summer except for one of Farmer F's fields that was lost because of off type. In conclusion, the border treatment method seems likely to be adopted by many farmers since the potential cost saving is large and farmers dislike Monitor. However, some farmers may resist the method due to scouting requirements and costs. Also, farmers with fields that do not meet the uniformity requirements of the border treatment will not be successful in their use of the border method.Crop Production/Industries,

Can a "good death" be made better?: A preliminary evaluation of a patient-centred quality improvement strategy for severely ill in-patients

BACKGROUND: Prior studies attempting to improve end-of-life care have focused on specific outcomes deemed important to healthcare providers, with disappointing results. Improvement may be best achieved by identifying concerns important to individual patients, communicating the patients' concerns to the treating medical team, and repeating the process frequently until all concerns are addressed. Our objective was to conduct a preliminary evaluation of this innovative patient-centred quality improvement strategy. METHODS: Initial interviews elicited participants' ideas for improvement, which were then fed back to health care providers by the study investigator. A rapid-cycle change model ensured frequent reassessment and continued feedback. The study involved 36 seriously ill, hospitalized patients on teaching general medical inpatient units of a tertiary care hospital. The main outcome measure was participants' ratings of satisfaction within different domains of care on follow-up interviews. RESULTS: The proportion of participants who rated various aspects of their care as "excellent" or "very good" on initial interview was 72% for overall care, 64% for symptom control, 66% for level of support, and 75% for discussions about life sustaining treatments. Patients and families identified many actionable steps for improvement such as; better control of pain and shortness of breath, better access to physicians and medical information, more help with activities of daily living, improving the patient's environment, and shorter waits for nursing care, diagnosis, and treatment. Following feedback to the clinical team, participants reported improvement in overall care (32%), symptom control (44%), and support (40%). Only a minority had further discussions about life sustaining treatments. CONCLUSION: A patient-centred approach using rapid-cycle change was feasible and shows promise for improving the quality of end-of-life care. It should be evaluated on a larger sample in a controlled trial

Crack: contextos. padrões e propósitos de uso

A partir do resultado de estudos desenvolvidos pelo CETAD/UFBA, o livro desmistifica concepções recorrentes na mídia e na própria Clínica Médica sobre o consumo e o consumidor de drogas, como a de que o crack, pelo seu alto potencial de destruição, levaria o usuário à morte em poucos anos. A proposta do livro é multidisciplinar e envolve áreas como a socioantropologia, psiquiatria, psicologia além do trabalho de redução de riscos e danos com usuários

Toxicomanias: incidências clínicas e socioantropológicas

As reflexões e os debates em torno do uso e abuso de drogas traduzem as diversas formas que o humano utiliza para lidar com a dor da sua própria existência. Os leitores oriundos de diversas áreas do conhecimento, bem como as pessoas interessadas no tema, terão a possibilidade de percorrer textos que apontam questões, trazendo à tona impasses e perspectivas para a construção de múltiplas possibilidades de trabalho

Household and area determinants of emergency department attendance and hospitalisation in people with multimorbidity:a systematic review

OBJECTIVES: Multimorbidity is one of the greatest challenges facing healthcare internationally. Emergency department (ED) attendance and hospitalisation rates are higher in people with multimorbidity, but most research focuses on associations with individual characteristics, ignoring household or area mediators of service use. DESIGN: Systematic review reported using the synthesis without meta-analysis framework. DATA SOURCES: Twelve electronic databases (1 January 2000–21 September 2021): MEDLINE/OVID, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, ASSIA, CAB Abstracts, Science Citation Index Expanded/ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Sociological Abstracts, the Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Adults aged ≥16 years, with multimorbidity. Exposure(s) were household and/or area determinants of health. Outcomes were ED attendance and/or hospitalisation. The literature search was limited to publications in English. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Independent double screening of titles and abstracts to select relevant full-text studies. Methodological quality was assessed using an adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale tool. Given high study heterogeneity, narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS: After deduplication, 10 721 titles and abstracts were screened, and 142 full-text articles were reviewed, of which 10 were eligible for inclusion. In people with multimorbidity, household food insecurity was associated with hospitalisation (OR 1.58 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.36) in concordant multimorbidity). People with multimorbidity living in the most versus least deprived areas attended ED more frequently (8.9% (95% CI 8.6 to 9.1) in most versus 6.3% (95% CI 6.1 to 6.6) in least), had higher rates of hospitalisation (26% in most versus 22% in least), and higher probability of hospitalisation (6.4% (95% CI 5.8 to 7.2) in most versus 4.2% (95% CI 3.8 to 4.7) in least). There was non-conclusive evidence that household income is associated with ED attendance and hospitalisation. No statistically significant relationships were found between marital status, living with others with multimorbidity, or rurality with ED attendance or hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS: There is some evidence that household and area contexts mediate associations of multimorbidity with ED attendance and hospitalisation, but firm conclusions are constrained by the small number of studies published and study design heterogeneity. Further research is required on large population samples using robust analytical methods. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021283515

[(1,2,5,6-η)-Cyclo­octa-1,5-diene]bis­(1-isopropyl-3-methyl­imidazolin-2-yl­idene)rhodium(I) tetra­fluorido­borate

In the title compound, [Rh(C8H12)(C7H12N2)2]BF4, the square-planar Rh complex cation and the BF4 − anion are both bis­ected by a crystallographic twofold rotation axis. The Rh and B atoms lie on this axis and all others are in general positions. In the crystal, two unique C—H⋯F hydrogen-bonding inter­actions are present, which involve both imidazolin-2-yl­idene H atoms. They form two separate C(5) motifs, the combination of which is a rippled hydrogen-bonded sheet structure in the ab plane