The Impact on Wellbeing of Receiving an Additional Support Need (ASN) Diagnosis as an Adult.

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A coherent structure approach for parameter estimation in Lagrangian Data Assimilation

We introduce a data assimilation method to estimate model parameters with observations of passive tracers by directly assimilating Lagrangian Coherent Structures. Our approach differs from the usual Lagrangian Data Assimilation approach, where parameters are estimated based on tracer trajectories. We employ the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) framework to avoid computing the likelihood function of the coherent structure, which is usually unavailable. We solve the ABC by a Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method, and use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the coherent patterns from tracer trajectory data. Our new method shows remarkably improved results compared to the bootstrap particle filter when the physical model exhibits chaotic advection

Multiple-parameter Optimization in Drug Discovery: Example of the 5-HT1B GPCR.

Early phase drug discovery is a multi-parameter optimisation process. Finding drugable targets, discovering starting points for lead optimisation and creating novel structures with new biological properties within these constraints is challenging. As an example of a drug optimisation strategy, recent work on 5-HT1B antagonists will be described. This is put in the context of the drugability of the target, the desired physicochemical properties of the desired molecules and approaches to compound design to create high affinity, selective molecules that are optimised to have low Central Nervous System (CNS) penetration.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Medical Research CouncilThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/minf.20160005

Barriers and facilitators to self-management in people living with and beyond cancer (PLWABC): a systematic review of qualitative evidence (PROTOCOL)

Review question The review objectives are: To identify, evaluate and synthesise qualitative evidence that has explored the perspectives of people living with and beyond cancer regarding self-management. To utilise this data to identify, explore and explain the potential barriers and facilitators to self-management in people living with and beyond cancer. Condition or domain being studied: Engagement (or lack of) in self-management practices/behaviours, support and resources in adults (≥18) with any diagnosis of cancer who have completed treatment for cancer. Whilst there is no universal definition of self-management, in cancer survivorship, it has been defined as “awareness and active participation by the person in their recovery, recuperation, rehabilitation, to minimise the consequences of treatment, promote survival, health and wellbeing” (DH, Macmillan Cancer Support, NHS Improvement, 2013). This definition will be used for the purposes of this review

Relative leg length as a biological marker to trace the developmental history of individuals and populations: Growth delay and increased body fat

The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in leg length index are related to differences in body fat. The study included a cross-sectional sample of 21,021 subjects ranging in age from 2 to 90 years who had anthropometric information and poverty income ratio that participated in the third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III) of the United Stated conducted during 1988–1994. Of the total 21,021 participants, 7,810 were non-Hispanic white (3,900 men and 3,910, women), 8,134 were African-American black (3,127 men and 2,889 women) and 6,237 were Mexican-American (3,221 and 3,016 women). In both males and females and in all three ethnic groups and across socio-economic status (measured by the poverty income ratio) a low leg length index is associated with increased body fat (measured by skinfold thickness) when compared with those with high leg length index. It is postulated that a low leg length index reflects the consequence of negative environmental conditions leading to growth delay. Previous studies indicate that individuals exposed both during development and adulthood to under-nutrition respond through inter-related physiological mechanisms oriented at improving energetic efficiency and low oxidation of fat. These interrelated compensatory physiological adjustments work together to promote fat storage among growth delayed individuals or populations. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56145/1/20676_ftp.pd

Paediatric distal radial fracture manipulation: Multicentre analysis of process times

Background: Children with simple radial fractures requiring manipulation are conventionally admitted for manipulation under general anaesthesia. On the assumption that children (and their parents) wish to spend as little time in hospital as possible, a study was undertaken to explore the experience of children with distal radial fractures admitted for general anaesthesia. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of the time taken from arrival at the emergency department (ED) to general anaesthesia and the time taken from arrival at the ED to hospital discharge in three centres in south-west England: the Bristol Children's Hospital, Derriford (Plymouth) Hospital and the Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital. Results: The median wait for general anaesthesia was >8 h and the median wait from ED admission to discharge was >21 h. This compares with a typical arrival to discharge time for paediatric procedural sedation of 4-5 h in the ED of the Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital. Conclusions: Given the assumption that children (and their parents) wish to spend as little time in hospital as possible, there appears to be a role for procedural sedation in the ED for this group of children, with a significantly reduced turnaround time anticipated

PhosCalc: A tool for evaluating the sites of peptide phosphorylation from Mass Spectrometer data

© 2008 MacLean et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens