CONHECIMENTO DOS ENFERMEIROS SOBRE PREVENÇÃO DE QUEDA DO PACIENTE CIRÚRGICO À LUZ DO PROCESSO DE ENFERMAGEM

Objetivo: compreender o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre prevenção de queda do paciente cirúrgico à luz do processo de enfermagem. Método: pesquisa de natureza exploratório-descritiva, qualitativa, realizada com enfermeiros de um hospital universitário da cidade de Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de fevereiro de 2020, por meio de questionário e entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: Coleta e registro de dados sobre as principais causas de queda do paciente cirúrgico; Diagnóstico de enfermagem risco de quedas; e Planejamento, implementação e avaliação para prevenção de queda no perioperatório. Conclusão: o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a prevenção de queda no paciente cirúrgico é imprescindível para uma assistência de qualidade, envolvendo o domínio das etapas do processo de enfermagem. Descritores: Processo de Enfermagem. Terminologia Padronizada em Enfermagem. Assistência Perioperatória. Acidentes por Quedas. Prevenção de Acidentes

Mental disorder in the puerperal period: risks and coping mechanisms for health promotion / Transtorno mental no puerpério: riscos e mecanismos de enfrentamento para a promoção da saúde

Objetivo: Compreender os riscos e mecanismos de enfrentamento apresentados pelas puérperas diante dos transtornos mentais no pós-parto. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, realizada com doze puérperas, na faixa etária de 16 a 35 anos que fizeram o acompanhamento do pré-natal na unidade de Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado em Petrolina-PE, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação dos conteúdos implícitos no comportamento das puérperas. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em novembro e dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Identificou-se que fatores como gravidez precoce ou não planejada, carência de apoio do companheiro, instabilidade familiar e baixa condições socioeconômicas podem contribuir como agentes facilitadores no surgimento de algum transtorno mental na puérpera. Conclusão: Considerando que os transtornos metias são comuns no puerpério, quanto mais precocemente detectar os fatores de risco, melhor assistência poderá ser oferecida à puérpera

Práticas e crenças populares associadas ao desmame precoce

Objetivo: Compreender a interferência das práticas e crenças populares no desmame precoce em puérperas assistidas na Estratégia Saúde da Família.Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado de abril a maio de 2016, com 12 puérperas cadastradas na unidade de Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado (AME) Saúde da Família, através de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo temática.Resultados: As mulheres compreendem a importância da amamentação exclusiva, porém o retorno ao trabalho e estudo e algumas crenças e tabus como, por exemplo, acreditar que o leite é fraco, dificuldade de pega, e alterações estéticas das mamas, levam ao desmame ou a inclusão de outros alimentos antes dos seis meses de vida da criança. A maioria não recebeu orientação profissional durante o pré-natal sobre amamentação e, as que receberam, reportaram a figura do enfermeiro como agente facilitador.Conclusão: É importante a desmistificação e favorecimento da prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo pelo tempo mínimo estabelecido.Objetivo: Comprender la influencia de las prácticas y creencias populares en el destete precoz de puérperas que asistían al programa Estratégia Saúde da Família.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, el cual se llevó a cabo entre abril y mayo de 2016 con 12 puérperas registradas en la unidad de Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado (AME) Saúde da Família, a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los datos se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido temático.Resultados: Las mujeres participantes en nuestro estudio comprendieron la importancia de la lactancia materna exclusiva. Sin embargo, factores como el retorno al trabajo o al estudio, las creencias y tabúes —como creer que la leche materna no es suficiente—, la dificultad de agarre y el temor por las alteraciones estéticas de los senos llevan al destete o a la inclusión de otros alimentos en la dieta antes de los primeros seis meses de vida del niño. La mayoría de las puérperas no recibió orientación profesional sobre la lactancia materna durante el control prenatal; aquellas que obtuvieron orientación informaron que la figura del enfermero fue un agente facilitador.Conclusión: Es necesario desmitificar la lactancia materna exclusiva y promover que esta práctica se lleve a cabo durante un tiempo determinado.Objective: To understand the effect of popular beliefs and practices on early weaning of puerperal women attending the Estratégia Saúde da Família program.Methodology: This is a descriptive qualitative study, conducted from April to May 2016 with 22 puerperal women enrolled in the Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado (AME) Saúde da Família. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and they were analyzed using content analysis.Results: Women who participated in this study understood the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Nevertheless, factors such as return to work/school, beliefs and taboos (for instance, some mothers believe that breast milk is insufficient), latching problems, and fear for breast changes lead to weaning or to include other foods during first six months of the childʼs life. Most puerperal women did not receive expert guidance on breastfeeding during antenatal care. Those who do received guidance regarded the figure of the nurse as a facilitating agent.Conclusion: It is necessary to demystify exclusive breastfeeding and to promote this practice to be possible for a certain period of time

Microcephaly epidemic related to the Zika virus and living conditions in Recife, Northeast Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Starting in August 2015, there was an increase in the number of cases of neonatal microcephaly in Northeast Brazil. These findings were identified as being an epidemic of microcephaly related to Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aims to analyse the spatial distribution of microcephaly cases in Recife (2015-2016), which is in Northeast Brazil, and its association with the living conditions in this city. METHODS: This was an ecological study that used data from reported cases of microcephaly from the State Health Department of Pernambuco (August 2015 to July 2016). The basic spatial unit of analysis was the 94 districts of Recife. The case definition of microcephaly was: neonates with a head circumference of less than the cut-off point of -2 standard deviations below the mean value from the established Fenton growth curve. As an indicator of the living conditions of the 94 districts, the percentage of heads of households with an income of less than twice the minimum wage was calculated. The districts were classified into four homogeneous strata using the K-means clustering algorithm. We plotted the locations of each microcephaly case over a layer of living conditions. RESULTS: During the study period, 347 microcephaly cases were reported, of which 142 (40.9%) fulfilled the definition of a microcephaly case. Stratification of the 94 districts resulted in the identification of four strata. The highest stratum in relation to the living conditions presented the lowest prevalence rate of microcephaly, and the overall difference between this rate and the rates of the other strata was statistically significant. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated that there was a strong association between a higher prevalence of microcephaly and poor living conditions. After the first 6 months of the study period, there were no microcephaly cases recorded within the population living in the richest socio-economic strata. CONCLUSION: This study showed that those residing in areas with precarious living conditions had a higher prevalence of microcephaly compared with populations with better living conditions

Genotype and phenotype landscape of MEN2 in 554 medullary thyroid cancer patients: the BrasMEN study

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by RET gene germline mutations that is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) associated with other endocrine tumors. Several reports have demonstrated that the RET mutation profile may vary according to the geographical area. In this study, we collected clinical and molecular data from 554 patients with surgically confirmed MTC from 176 families with MEN2 in 18 different Brazili an centers to compare the type and prevalence of RET mutations with those from other countries. The most frequent mutations, classified by the number of families affected, occur in codon 634, exon 11 (76 families), followed by codon 918, exon 16 (34 families: 26 with M918T and 8 with M918V) and codon 804, exon 14 (22 families: 15 with V804M and 7 with V804L). When compared with other major published series from Europe, there are several similarities and some differences. While the mutations in codons C618, C620, C630, E768 and S891 present a similar prevalence, some mutations have a lower prevalence in Brazil, and others are found mainly in Brazil (G533C and M918V). These results reflect the singular proportion of European, Amerindian and African ancestries in the Brazilian mosaic genome83289298CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL - FAPERGSSem informaçãoSem informação2006/60402-1; 2010/51547-1; 2013/01476-9; 2014/06570-6; 2009/50575-4; 2010/51546-5; 2012/21942-116/2551-0000482-

Congenital malformations in neonates: analysis of morbidity and associated factors

Objective: To evaluate the neonatal morbidity due to congenital malformations in the city of Petrolina-PE, from 2008 to 2013. Methods: A descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The analyzes were carried out through frequency distribution and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The associations were tested by the Pearson and Kruskal Wallis chi-square tests. Significance was set at 5% and 95% confidence. Results: 436 cases of congenital malformations were recorded in the study period, with 2011 being the highest occurrence year. The mothers of the newborns were young (25.2 years old), single, upper level of education and household. In general multiparous, with single gestation, vaginal delivery and performed up to six prenatal visits. The newborns were males, at 39 weeks or more of gestation and with normal weight (> = 2500g). The malformations of the musculoskeletal system were the most frequent followed by the genitourinary system. Congenital malformations were especially associated with neonatal characteristics such as gender and weight. In all causes the mean weight was greater than 2500g (p <0.05). The causes of malformation of greater occurrence in both sexes were osteomuscular (p <0.05). The aspects of the mother did not present significant differences in the present study (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The present study evidenced relevant aspects in the occurrence of morbidities due to congenital malformations, directing to a greater attention the occurrence of these diseases especially in relation to the newborn

Genotype and phenotype landscape of MEN2 in 554 medullary thyroid cancer patients: the BrasMEN study

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by RET gene germline mutations that is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) associated with other endocrine tumors. Several reports have demonstrated that the RET mutation profile may vary according to the geographical area. In this study, we collected clinical and molecular data from 554 patients with surgically confirmed MTC from 176 families with MEN2 in 18 different Brazilian centers to compare the type and prevalence of RET mutations with those from other countries. The most frequent mutations, classified by the number of families affected, occur in codon 634, exon 11 (76 families), followed by codon 918, exon 16 (34 families: 26 with M918T and 8 with M918V) and codon 804, exon 14 (22 families: 15 with V804M and 7 with V804L). When compared with other major published series from Europe, there are several similarities and some differences. While the mutations in codons C618, C620, C630, E768 and S891 present a similar prevalence, some mutations have a lower prevalence in Brazil, and others are found mainly in Brazil (G533C and M918V). These results reflect the singular proportion of European, Amerindian and African ancestries in the Brazilian mosaic genome

The gender relationship as a determining fator in the choice of the domiciliary care of dependente persons / A relação de gênero como fator determinante na escolha do cuidador domiciliar de pessoas dependentes

Objetivo: Compreender a relação de gênero como fator determinante na escolha do cuidador domiciliar de pessoas dependentes. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com cuidadores domiciliares de pessoas dependentes de uma área assistida por uma Unidade de Saúde da Família no município de Petrolina. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 13 cuidadores domiciliares através de uma entrevista semiestruturada sendo possível identificar que alguns fatores estão condicionados com a escolha do responsável pela implementação do cuidado e que a questão de gênero está intimamente atrelada na eleição do cuidador. Conclusão: Na perspectiva desse estudo, foi possível constatar a presença marcante da figura feminina como detentora do cuidar. A mulher é culturalmente responsabilizada pela prestação do cuidado. Os resquícios de uma cultura machista contribuíram na conceituação de que o cuidar se tornasse um sinônimo de atribuições domésticas embutidas na mulher que, por sua vez, tem sua prática subestimada

Popular beliefs and practices related to early weaning

Objective: To understand the effect of popular beliefs and practices on early weaning of puerperal women attending the Estratégia Saúde da Família program. Methodology: This is a descriptive qualitative study, conducted from April to May 2016 with 22 puerperal women enrolled in the Atendimento Multiprofissional Especializado (AME) Saúde da Família. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and they were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Women who participated in this study understood the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Nevertheless, factors such as return to work/school, beliefs and taboos (for instance, some mothers believe that breast milk is insufficient), latching problems, and fear for breast changes lead to weaning or to include other foods during first six months of the childʼs life. Most puerperal women did not receive expert guidance on breastfeeding during antenatal care. Those who do received guidance regarded the figure of the nurse as a facilitating agent. Conclusion: It is necessary to demystify exclusive breastfeeding and to promote this practice to be possible for a certain period of time