History and conservation of shopping arcades

Shopping arcades, corridors lined on one or both sides by shops and covered by a glass roof have been neglected as a subject for research. There is little information and no catalogue of British arcades. Their importance as covered thoroughfares, housing small units for specialist traders, has been under estimated, and their contribution to the architecture and townscape of cities requires recognition. The thesis records all extant examples in Britain with an architectural description, history, use, plan, section and photographic account of each. Their evolution is established, showing the influence of arcaded streets and exchanges, and of social and economic forces. The first two arcades were built in Paris and those, together with other major foreign examples are assessed, revealing the inter -relationship of development and architectural style between nations. The British arcades are analysed with regard to plan, location and architectural style. The financial position, management and role in the modern retail centre is assessed. Current trends in retailing are interpreted, from the shopping centre derived from the arcades, to the Speciality Centre. Arcades, like many older buildings have been demolished or 'neglected, having outlived their usefulness, but during the past decade an appreciation of the architectural heritage has grown. As the research has progressed, it has become evident that the requirements for shopping have almost come full circle from the date of the first arcade in 1800. And the shopping arcade is not only worthy of serious consideration architecturally, hut it could re- emerge as an important form of modern retailing. Recommendations are made for the practical conservation and re -use of arcades, particularly emphasising their architectural qualities, utilizing the favourable attitudes towards conservation and 'raking advantage of the desire to return to small specialist shops along a pedestrian route, preferably undercover

Antonio Dal Masetto (1938-): A study of a writer's craft, and an exploration of his place on the Argentine literary map.

I became interested in the work of Antonio Dal Masetto through reading his weekly column in the Argentine newspaper Pdgina/12 when I lived in Buenos Aires for a period in 2002. These were short observational pieces about characters and situations in the city with a narrative perspective which seemed to denote an 'outsider'. As an outsider myself, I found this voice inclusive and intriguing and also sometimes very funny. It struck me that the perceptions in this column were more profound than material I might have expected to appear in a daily broadsheet newspaper. The style of the writing appealed to me this cool observational tone, a gentle humour, a simple prose and a certain implicit quality which reminded me of poetry. This was my initial subjective response

Winchester - Yei Hospitals Link

No Abstrac

Substance Using Women : The Social Meaning of Substance use for Using Women and the Negotiation of Identities

This thesis is framed as an inquiry into the attitudes and experiences of women to their use of psychoactive substances and the contribution that use makes to their construction of gendered identities and meanings they derive from their use. The thesis also explores how these meanings relate to, and contrast or concur with, wider social attitudes relating to ‘feminine’ identity, issues of resistance and control, self control, happiness, independence and dependence, social roles and relationships, risk-taking and safety. The thesis aims to contribute to feminist understandings concerning substance use and to add a feminist interpretative voice to the alcohol, tobacco and other drug (ATOD) field of inquiry. The inquiry adopts an eclectic approach, being shaped and informed by feminist thought, poststructuralist philosophy, the ATOD field and anti-oppressive research methods. Descriptive narratives of experience were elicited from in-depth guided discussions with three women who are all known to me. All the women are in their thirties, are mothers and currently use legal and illegal psychoactive substances. Utilising recursive, intuitive and interpretive methods, common themes were drawn from the narratives and explored to reveal common and disparate meanings, identities and discourses as they relate to experience with substance use. Within this study narratives are understood to be cultural texts. Analysis involved the examination of gendered discourses that surround women substance users in the ATOD field and society generally and their interplay with those narratives. In keeping with feminist sensibilities I included my own thoughts and feelings, locating myself within the project. Findings suggest women substance users may experience substance use as a site of power and agency rejecting narrow constructions of femininity and embracing independence. The identities and socia1 roles for these women substance users, such as mother, appear to remain largely intact. The relative importance and presentation of alternative identities, however, remain in a constantly fluid state with particular roles being fore-grounded or receding depending on context and mood. The inquiry is viewed as a collaborative experience based on friendship. Knowledge is shared in a reciprocal relationship hopefully allowing alternative understandings and conceptualisations of substance using women to emerge from their experience

The early careers of Glasgow medical graduates in the second half of the nineteenth century

The thesis studies the immediate post-graduate experience of doctors graduating from Glasgow medical school in the second half of the nineteenth century. The study uses Medical Directories and census records and, for a few individuals, other relevant records; it also compares these graduates with those who obtained a licence from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow to see whether there were significant differences in their career experiences. Those graduating in the years 1856, 1876 and 1896 were selected to give a spread over the period of significant professional and educational developments. They also have the advantage that census records were available at the end of the first five years following graduation. The main findings relate to the overall Scottishness of the graduates and to the effect of changes to medical education and regulation. The vast majority of the graduates came from Scotland, in particular from Glasgow and its adjacent area, and sought work there. The changes in medical education and regulation, in particular the 1858 Medical Act, resulted in graduates starting study later and studying for a shorter period; later they obtained fewer additional basic qualifications and the 1876 group moved less frequently, apparently because of less competition. The study also showed the importance of family support in the early years. The licentiates, on the other hand, showed a similar pattern of work, but came from all over the United Kingdom. They came to Glasgow to obtain a qualification and did not always study there

The baby has not come: obstructed labour

No Abstrac

Cold forced open-water swimming: a natural intervention to improve postoperative pain and mobilisation outcomes?

Postoperative neuropathic pain exacerbated by movement is poorly understood and difficult to treat but a relatively common complication of surgical procedures such as endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. Here, we describe a case of unexpected, immediate, complete and sustained remission of postoperative intercostal neuralgia after the patient engaged in an open-water swim in markedly cold conditions. Though an incidental chance association is possible, the clear temporal proximity linking the swim with pain remission makes a causal relationship possible. We discuss plausible mechanisms that may underlie the relationship and discuss the potential implications for postoperative pain management and patient-centred mobilisation. We recommend further evaluation of cold forced open-water swimming as a mobility-pain provocation challenge to see if the observed unexpectedly positive outcome can be replicated. With the poor response to traditional management, there is a need for novel, curative interventions for postoperative neuropathic pain and associated impaired mobility