A Novel and Expedient Approach to New Thiazoles, Thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridines, Dihydrothiophenes, and Hydrazones Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophene Moiety

This paper reports details about the synthesis of a series of novel functionalized symmetrical bis-heterocyclic compounds containing a thieno[2,3-b]thiophene motif. Bis-thiazole derivatives 2, 3a-c and thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine derivatives 4a-c are achieved. The hitherto unknown dihydrothiophene derivatives 6a-d via bis-pyridimium salt 5 are obtained. Additionally, the novel hydrazonothieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivatives 10a-c are obtained via bis-tosylacetylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivative 9. All compounds are characterized by 1H-, 13C-NMR, GCMS, IR, and UV-vis spectrometry. These compounds represent a new class of sulfur and nitrogen containing heterocycles that should also be of interest as new materials

A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of some Novel Hydrazones, Schiff’s Base and Pyrazoles Incorporating Thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes

A facile and convenient synthesis of some novel hydrazones, schiff’s base and pyrazoles from thieno[2,3-b]thiophene derivatives 1 have been achieved in high yields assisted by microwave and classical methods. The structures of all the title compounds have been elucidated by elemental analysis, IR, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Generally, these findings represent a new class of sulfur and nitrogen moieties that should also be of interest as new materials

Organizational Commitment and Employees Turnover Intention in Saudi Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Work Environemnt

Purpose:  Organisational commitment is critical to an organization's success and growth. It leads to increased job satisfaction, lower turnover, improved performance, a more positive organisational culture, and increased customer satisfaction. This research tries to highlight the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention taking into account the mediation role of job satisfaction and work environment.   Theoretical framework:  Organizational commitment is very crucial in today working environment. Employees are more likely to be inspired and dedicated to their work when they feel committed to their organisation.(Freudenberger, 1974) .This results in increased productivity and performance. Furthermore, organizational commitment is important in employee retention. Employees that are committed to their company are less inclined to depart for other chances(Mathieu, Fabi, Lacoursiere, & Raymond, 2016). This lowers turnover rates and the costs associated with hiring and training new personnel.   Methodology: This is a quantitative study that employed a structured questionnaire design. This study's sample consists of 193 public officers from the Saudi public sector in the western region who were chosen at randomly. Raw data gathered via mail questionnaires. The data collected was analyzed by SmartPLS 3 to test the study's hypotheses.   Findings:  Finding of this study indicates that organizational commitment has a substantial and statistically significant influence on Job Satisfaction (β = 0.601, t = 8.580, p = .001), and turnover intention (β = -0.363, t = 4.737, p = .001). In addition, the work environment and job satisfaction show mediation role in the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention.   Research, Practical & Social implications:  Managers at the public organizations need to apply different strategies to enhance the overall job satisfaction like giving employees a voice and involving them in problem-solving. This make them feel valued and motivated. Such practice can lead to create a conducive working environment where few people decide to quit. Employees that are committed to their organisation are more inclined to put in extra effort and go the extra mile. It is highly recommended to adopt high-performance working environment. This requires an updated human resource management techniques and practices.   Originality/Value:  The findings of this study indicates that ORC has a substantial and statistically significant influence on Job Satisfaction, working environment, and turnover intention. This study also finds the work environment and job satisfaction are significantly mediated the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention. This contributes to the current literature especially in the public organizations studies

The direct and indirect influence of brand image, brand experience, and brand personality on brand loyalty

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between brand image (BI), brand experience (BE), brand personality (BP), and brand loyalty (BL) of automobile local brands in Malaysia and also determining the mediating effect of brand satisfaction (BS) and brand trust (BT) on those relationships. This study is embarked on the fact that only a few studies have examined how brand image, brand experience, brand personality, brand satisfaction, and brand trust contribute towards the emergence of brand loyalty. Based on a theoretical consideration, a model was proposed and 17 hypotheses were formulated. Questionnaires were used to collect data. A total of 330 usable responses were received from respondents in the northern part of Malaysia, (Kedah, Penang, and Perlis). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed in the data analysis. The findings reveal significant relationships between brand image and brand loyalty, and between brand experience and brand loyalty. However, this study does not find any significant relationships between brand personality and brand loyalty. This study observes that brand satisfaction mediates both the relationships between brand image, brand personality, and brand loyalty. In addition, brand trust mediates the relationships between brand personality and brand loyalty. However, brand satisfaction does not mediate the relationships between brand experience and brand loyalty. No significant mediation is observed of brand trust on the relationships between brand image, brand experience, and brand loyalty. The significance of this study can be seen in the incorporation of brand satisfaction and brand trust as the mediating tools to explain the relationships between brand image, brand experience, brand personality, and brand loyalty. The study concludes with a discussion on the contributions, limitations as well as suggestions for future researc

Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction of Mobile Services in Yemen

The aim of this study is to find out the customer's satisfaction with Yemeni Mobile service providers. This study examined the relationship between perceived quality, perceived value, customer expectation, and corporate image with customer satisfaction. The result of this study is based on data gathered online from 118 academic staff in public universities in Yemen. The study found that the relationship between perceived value, perceived quality and corporate image have a significant positive influence on customer satisfaction, whereas customer expectation is positively related to customer satisfaction but not statistically significance within the selected 5% confidence level

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Novel Bis-[1,3,4]thiadiazole and Bis-thiazole Pendant to Thieno[2,3-b]thiophene Moiety

The synthetic utility of 3,3′-(3,4-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl)bis (3-oxopropanenitrile) (1) in the synthesis of some novel bis-[1,3,4-thiadiazole] 6a–g and bis-thiazole 10 and 13 derivatives with thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety is reported. Antimicrobial evaluation of some selected examples from the synthesized products was carried out and showed promising results

Millennials' Response Toward Luxury Fashion Brands: The Balance Theory’s Perspective

The mushrooming growth of luxury brands has been evidenced worldwide, especially among developing countries such as Malaysia. Despite Malaysian consumer confidence slowing due to uncertainty about the economic conditions, the demand for luxury brands is still expected to rise. Interestingly, a significant rise in the demand for luxury brands has been observed in the millennials group. This study examines the relationship of electronic word-of-mouth and the country of origin’s image on millennials' attitudes toward luxury brands and the intention to purchase luxury fashion brands. The study among 333 millennials revealed that the country of origin’s image has both direct and indirect effects on the intention to purchase luxury fashion brands. Electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) was found statistically insignificant in explaining the intention to purchase, but eWOM had a significant relationship on intention to purchase through its mediation effect of the attitude toward luxury brands. Accordingly, the findings found support for the balance theory. The results also suggest that the owners of luxury brands should carefully manage the country of origin because it will affect the overall brand image, as perceived by consumers. Limitations and future directions of the study are also included at the end of the article

Zika Virus, Microcephaly and its Possible Global Spread

Zika virus is an arbovirus that is spreading at an alarming state in the American continents and now in Asian countries. The Aedes mosquitoes are the vectors for the spread of this virus beside other ways of transmission. Currently, there are no vaccines or drugs available for its treatment. The Zika virus–related microcephaly cases are reported in fetuses of pregnant women who got this viral infection. However, the exact mechanism of Zika virus and microcephaly is still not established. Here we review Zika virus epidemiology, its unusual relationship with microcephaly in fetuses and current scientific research progress on it

Plant bioactive molecules bearing glycosides as lead compounds for the treatment of fungal infection: A review

Despite therapeutic advancement in the treatment of fungal infections, morbidity and mortality caused by these infections are still very high. There are approximately 300 fungal species that are infectious and can cause a variety of diseases. At present, several synthetic antifungal drugs are in clinical practice, many of them, however, are vulnerable to multidrug-resistant strains of microbes, and thus compromising the overall treatment outcomes. Glycosides are naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites with important therapeutic potential and clinical utility. The aim of this review was to focus on the antifungal effects of glycosides in preclinical studies with possible mechanism(s) wherein described. Published research show significant susceptibility of different fungi towards phytoglycosides, mediated through multiple mechanisms. Further detailed studies are needed to explain the clinical applications and limitations of these glycosides

The antecedents of automobile brand loyalty: evidence from Malaysian

This study empirically examined the mediating effect of brand satisfaction on the relationship between brand image and brand loyalty among Malaysian customer toward local automobile brands. Four hypotheses were developed to test hypothesizing relationships among brand image, brand satisfaction on brand loyalty.Data collected from customers of automobile brands in north Malaysia peninsula from three states which were Kedah, Penang, and Perlis.This study applies partial least squares to a sample of 458 customers to test hypothesized relationships. The findings indicate that brand image and brand satisfaction appear to have significant and positive relationship with brand loyalty.Brand satisfaction mediates the relationship between brand image and brand loyalty.The results are compared with earlier findings and implications for further research are discussed