From concepts to practical tools of support: Development of the creative sector in Warsaw

Warsaw is a metropolitan city with great creative potential. All the national media as well as editorial offices of most newspapers and periodicals of national circulation are located here. Mass media, educational institutions, and cultural institutions along with a community of educated and affluent people make Warsaw a leading cultural centre both in terms of potential in creative activities and as a market for products coming from the creative sector. Although the creative sector seems to be treated as an important part of the economic base of Warsaw’s development, creative potential located in the city seems to be underused. The goal of this paper is to present the support of city authorities for the development of the creative sector in Warsaw. The evaluation of problems and bottlenecks articulated by representatives of the creative sector will be confronted with the opinions of representatives of the City Hall

Photosensitizers based on porphyrin derivatives as a potential photodynamic agent

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be defined as the administration of photosensitizer either systemically, locally, or topically to a patient bearing a lesion (frequently but not always cancer), followed after some time by the illumination of the lesion with visible light (usually long wavelength red light). In the presence of molecular oxygen it leads to the generation of cytotoxic species and consequently to cell death and tissue destruction. The singlet oxygen have high reactivity and short half-life. Due to this, PDT directly affects only those biological substrates that are close to the region where these species are generated, usually within a 20 nanometers radius. Therefore, photosensitizers localization is a primary factor in drug release studies to target tissues because it selectivity promotes localized sensitization. In this study, the photosensitive compounds (G0, G1, G2) based on the rings porphyrin were synthesized and characterized (SEM, ATR-IR, NMR, thermal analysis). These molecules were also incorporated into chitosan films. The two step synthesis towards novel macrocycles were elaborated: alkylation reactions and macrocyclization reactions. The photostability of the obtained photosensitizers using high pressure mercury vapour lamp was examined. In the absorption spectra two characteristic bands for the obtained compound are observed: the Soret band located in the range of 300-400 nm and the Q band within 600-800 nm. The amount of produced singlet oxygen at ambient temperature in aerobic conditions was also determined. The lowest value of singlet oxygen quantum yield revealed G0 and the highest revealed G1. The aggregation study was also performed. This phenomenon is well-known especially for phthalocyanines and porphyrin derivatives. The results of the obtained compounds were compared with the results of the commercially available porphyrins. Bibliography: [1] D.P. Ferreiraa, D.S. Conceiçãoa, R.C. Calhelhac, T. Sousaa, Radu Socoteanub, I.C.F.R. Ferreirac, L.F. Vieira Ferreira, Carbohydrate Polymers 2016, 151, 160-171. [2] G.M. Fioramonti Calixto, J. Bernegossi, L. Marise de Freitas, C. R. Fontana, M. Chorilli, Molecules 2016, 21, 342-360. The project was supported by research grant: National Science Centre 2015/19/N/NZ7/0293

Leczenie liszaja twardzinowego w obrębie narządów płciowych u kobiet – przegląd

Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that belongs to a group of autoimmune connective tissue diseases, localized within the skin and mucous membrane of the anogenital area. In the latter location, the focal atrophy of the mucosa is the most visible sign. Lesions may be accompanied by symptoms such as itching, pain, burning. The disease occurs more often in females. The etiology is not fully understood. Genetic, infectious, hormonal factors and autoimmune mechanisms are taken into consideration. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important to avoid further complications. This review aims to analyze available literature on the treatment of this disease entity.Liszaj twardzinowy jest przewlekłą chorobą zapalną należącą do grupy autoimmunologicznych chorób tkanki łącznej, lokalizującą się w obrębie skóry, oraz błon śluzowych narządów płciowych. W zakresie tej ostatniej lokalizacji, klinicznie obserwuje się najczęściej występowanie ogniskowego zaniku błony śluzowej. Wykwitom mogą towarzyszyć objawy subiektywne jak świąd, ból, pieczenie. Schorzenie zdecydowanie częściej występuje u płci żeńskiej. Etiologia nie jest do końca poznana. Pod uwagę bierze się rolę czynników genetycznych, autoimmunologicznych, infekcyjnych, hormonalnych. Ważne jest wczesne rozpoznanie choroby i włączenie odpowiedniego leczenia, celem uniknięcia powikłań. W pracy przeprowadzono analizę dostępnego piśmiennictwa dotyczącego leczenia tej jednostki chorobowej

Revitalization of Warsaw-Powiśle. Functional and Spatial Transformations and the Perception of Changes

Warszawskie Powiśle to obszar, który od zawsze podlegał silnym przekształceniom z uwagi na swoje położenie nad Wisłą. W artykule omówiono działania rewitalizacyjne prowadzone na tym obszarze oraz zmiany podejść różnych podmiotów do wykorzystania rzeki w mieście. Zaprezentowano zmiany funkcji oraz zagospodarowania obszaru Powiśla, zachodzące od XI do XXI w., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem działań rewitalizacyjnych. Wykazano, że od 1999 r. zmieniały one wyraźnie wizerunek tej części miasta, a impulsem dalszych przemian było powstanie Centrum Nauki Kopernik. O atrakcyjności Powiśla świadczą nowe osiedla, powstające na terenach poprzemysłowych, niezagospodarowanych czy nieodbudowanych po II wojnie światowej. Badanie wykazało, że osoby odwiedzające Powiśle dostrzegają zachodzące zmiany oraz oceniają je pozytywnie, m.in. pod względem możliwości spędzania wolnego czasu oraz oferty kulturalno-rozrywkowej.Functions of Powiśle have always been connected with his riverside situation. Once area was flooded by the river, there a trade and a fishery developed. In the more late period in order to riverside localisation, Powiśle became an industrial district. The 20th century brought another changes: degradation of factories but also new investments on this area. A slow change of the image of Powiśle and returning the district towards the river took place. The time after Second War stopped the plan of the integration the city and the river. Final years are a period of new investments in Powiśle. Post-industrial areas and brown fields are revitalized. For the development of this area important investments were the Library of the University of Warsaw and the Copernicus Science Centre. Many post-industrial areas were sold and there housing estates are coming into existence. Powiśle is perceived as fashionable and prestigious district. The quality of green areas and building development are being assessed positively. Persons visiting Powiśle are accepting happening changes

Potential and Conditions for the Development of the Creative Sector in Warsaw

The creative sector has become an important source used to create competitive advantages of the cities. The importance of creative industries in urban development was spotted more than a decade ago. Creative capital is perceived as an impulse and engine of urban changes, a source of new advantages and attractions. Some point out that it mainly develops in big cities, where the authorities deliberately implement measures aimed at supporting and attracting creative entities. The purpose of this study is to present the condition of the creative sector in Warsaw and the way its functioning is perceived by its representatives. It also discusses the support of city authorities for the development of the creative sector

Creative sector and public spaces in Warsaw

W ostatnich kilkunastu latach coraz większe znaczenie w rozwoju miast, w tym w kształto-waniu ich przestrzeni publicznej, przypisuje się sektorowi kreatywnemu, na który składają się działalności oparte na indywidualnej twórczości i talencie. Działalność firm kreatywnych ma rosnący udział w generowaniu dochodów miast, stanowi też o ich atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej i osiedleńczej. Rozwój sektora kreatywnego wiąże się z obecnością tzw. klasy kreatywnej, ta zaś jest klasą mobilną, poszukującą atrakcyjnych warunków pracy i zamieszkania. Władze miast tworzą polityki wsparcia tego sektora, widząc w nim ważny czynnik stymulujący rozwój. W artykule przedstawiono kondycję sektora kreatywnego w Warszawie. Podjęto także próbę określenia jego wpływu na kształtowanie się przestrzeni publicznej.During the last couples of years an increasing role in the processes of cities’ development, including development of their public spaces, has been attributed to the creative sector, which consists of activities based on individual creativity and talent. Activities of creative firms have a growing share in the cities’ revenues base. Creative firms have also impact on attractiveness of cities as places for investments and settlement. The development of the creative sector is associated with the presence of the so-called creative class. Creative class is a mobile one since its members are very active seeking attractive working conditions and high quality living conditions. Cities’ authorities formulate policies to support the creative sector, perceiving it as an important factor to stimulate development. This paper presents the state of development of the creative sector in Warsaw. An attempt was also made to identify its impact on development of public spaces

Przyszczypkowski K., Edukacja dla demokracji. Strategie zmian a kompetencje obywatelskie, Wydawnictwo Edytor, Poznań – Toruń 1999. Samuels R., Auto-Modernity after Postmodernism: Autonomy and Automation in Culture, technology, and Education, [w:] Digital

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Oxidative stress in etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases are a group of chronic diseases of the digestive tract of unknown origin. The etiology of IBD is multifactorial and involves interaction between genetic, environmental and immunological factors with oxidative stress being an inherent part of any one of them. Therefore, the redox equilibrium is crucial to maintain cell homeostasis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which is constantly exposed to large numbers of commensal and pathological bacteria. Distortion of this homeostasis and increase in oxidative stress leads to the propagation of inflammation, mucosal injury in the GI tract and is associated with the development and exacerbation of IBD

Oral Microbiota in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review

Background: Cleft in the lip and/or palate (CLP) is a congenital facial deformity that significantly impacts the oral cavity’s structure and function. This malformation can affect the oral microbiota. The objective of this systematic review was to examine and consolidate the current scientific evidence on the oral microflora in children with CLP. Methods: The search strategy included the PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. The inclusion criteria were studies assessing oral microbiota in children with CLP. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Results: The search strategy identified 422 potential articles. Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria. High heterogeneity was observed in methodologies, sample sites, and patient characteristics. Eight studies assessed the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus in saliva, with some reporting significantly higher levels in the cleft group compared to controls, while others found no differences. One study reported a significantly higher colonization rate of Candida species in patients with cleft lip and/or palate. Conclusion: The results of the available studies are unclear. Further research is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the oral microbiota and potential implications for oral health management in this population. The review was not registered Registration Statement