La Coordinación entre niveles asistenciales mediante la receta electrónica

Recepta electrònica; Coordinació assistencial; Gestió de la prescripció mèdicaElectronic prescription; Healthcare coordination; Management of medical prescriptionReceta electrónica; Coordinación asistencial; Gestión de la prescripción médicaAquest document recull una sèrie de recomanacions inherents al model de gestió de la recepta electrònica que poden contribuir a potenciar el seu paper instrumental en la coordinació assistencial i, en conseqüència, potenciar l'ús racional dels medicaments i millorar la qualitat assistencial.:ca_ES untranslatedThis document compiles a number of recommendations inherent to the electronic prescription management model that can help to increase its instrumental role in healthcare coordination and, consequently, enhance the rational use of medicines and improve quality of care.:en untranslatedEste documento recoge una serie de recomendaciones inherentes al modelo de gestión de la receta electrónica que pueden contribuir a potenciar su papel instrumental en la coordinación asistencial y, en consecuencia, potenciar el uso racional de los medicamentos y mejorar la calidad asistencial.:es untranslated:e

Pautes per a l’harmonització del tractament farmacològic de la insuficiència cardíaca crònica

Insuficiència cardíaca crònica; Pautes del tractament farmacològic; ICChronic heart failure; Patterns of drug treatment; CHFInsuficiencia cardiaca crónica; Pautas del tratamiento farmacológicoL’objectiu d’aquest document és harmonitzar les pautes del tractament farmacològic de la insuficiència cardíaca (IC), en el marc del Programa d’harmonització farmacoterapèutica de medicaments en l’àmbit de l’atenció primària i comunitària (PHF APC) del CatSalut

Actualitzacions en terapèutica farmacològica: avenços 2015; novetats que canvien la pràctica clínica

Terapèutica farmacològica; Avenços; Pràctica clínicaTerapeutica farmacológica; Avances; Práctica clínicaPharmacological therapy; Advances; Clinical practiceEste informe identifica las cuestiones relacionadas con la terapéutica farmacológica consideradas mas relevantes para la práctica clínica, considerando aspectos muy diversos como son las nuevas estrategias terapéuticas, prácticas relacionadas con la sobreutilización de medicamentos, cuestiones sobre la continuidad, el avance y la suspensión de los tratamientos, los nuevos medicamentos y los pros y contras de alternativas terapéuticas que se han ido planteando específicamente a lo largo del año 2014.Aquest informe identifica les qüestions relacionades amb la terapèutica farmacològica considerades més rellevants per a la pràctica clínica, considerant aspectes ben diversos com ara les noves estratègies terapèutiques, pràctiques relacionades amb la sobreutilització de medicaments, qüestions sobre la continuïtat, l‟avançament i la suspensió dels tractaments, els nous medicaments, i els pros i contres d‟alternatives terapèutiques que s‟han anant plantejat específicament al llarg de l'any 201

Quantitative analysis of late gadolinium enhancement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: comparison of diagnostic performance in myocardial fibrosis between gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine

The purpose of this study was to compare different semi-automated late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) quantification techniques using gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine contrast agents with regard to the diagnosis of fibrotic myocardium in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Thirty patients with HCM underwent two cardiac MRI protocols with use of gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine. Contrast-tonoise ratio (CNR) between LGE area and remote myocardium (CNRremote), between LGE area and left ventricular blood pool (CNRpool), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in LGE were compared. The presence and quantity of LGE were determined by visual assessment. With signal threshold versus reference mean (STRM) based thresholds of 2 SD, 5 SD, and 6 SD above the mean signal intensity (SI) of reference myocardium, the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) technique was used. The volume and segments of the LGE area were compared between the two types of contrast agents. LGE was present in 26 of 30 (86.6%) patients in both protocols. The CNRremote of fibrotic myocardium in gadobutrol and gadopentetate dimeglumine agents was 26.82 ± 14.24 and 21.46 ± 10.59, respectively (P < 0.05). The CNRpool was significantly higher in gadobutrol (9.32 ± 7.64 vs. 6.39 ± 6.11, P < 0.05). The SNR was higher in gadobutrol (33.36 ± 14.35 vs. 27.53 ± 10.91, P < 0.05). The volume of scar size in MR images acquired with gadobutrol were significantly higher than those with gadopentetate dimeglumine (P < 0.05), and the STRM of 5 SD technique showed the greatest agreement with visual assessment (ICC = 0.99) in both examinations. There was no significant difference in fibrotic segments of the fibrotic myocardium in the LGE area (P < 0.05). This study proved that the Gadobutrol was an effective contrast agent for LGE imaging with superior delineation of fibrotic myocardium as compared to gadopentetate dimeglumine. The 5 SD technique yields the closest approximation of the extent of LGE identified by visual assessment

Promoter DNA Methylation of Oncostatin M receptor-β as a Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Marker in Colon Cancer

In addition to genetic changes, the occurrence of epigenetic alterations is associated with accumulation of both genetic and epigenetic events that promote the development and progression of human cancer. Previously, we reported a set of candidate genes that comprise part of the emerging “cancer methylome”. In the present study, we first tested 23 candidate genes for promoter methylation in a small number of primary colon tumor tissues and controls. Based on these results, we then examined the methylation frequency of Oncostatin M receptor-β (OSMR) in a larger number of tissue and stool DNA samples collected from colon cancer patients and controls. We found that OSMR was frequently methylated in primary colon cancer tissues (80%, 80/100), but not in normal tissues (4%, 4/100). Methylation of OSMR was also detected in stool DNA from colorectal cancer patients (38%, 26/69) (cut-off in TaqMan-MSP, 4). Detection of other methylated markers in stool DNA improved sensitivity with little effect on specificity. Promoter methylation mediated silencing of OSMR in cell lines, and CRC cells with low OSMR expression were resistant to growth inhibition by Oncostatin M. Our data provide a biologic rationale for silencing of OSMR in colon cancer progression and highlight a new therapeutic target in this disease. Moreover, detection and quantification of OSMR promoter methylation in fecal DNA is a highly specific diagnostic biomarker for CRC

Approaches in biotechnological applications of natural polymers

Natural polymers, such as gums and mucilage, are biocompatible, cheap, easily available and non-toxic materials of native origin. These polymers are increasingly preferred over synthetic materials for industrial applications due to their intrinsic properties, as well as they are considered alternative sources of raw materials since they present characteristics of sustainability, biodegradability and biosafety. As definition, gums and mucilages are polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates consisting of one or more monosaccharides or their derivatives linked in bewildering variety of linkages and structures. Natural gums are considered polysaccharides naturally occurring in varieties of plant seeds and exudates, tree or shrub exudates, seaweed extracts, fungi, bacteria, and animal sources. Water-soluble gums, also known as hydrocolloids, are considered exudates and are pathological products; therefore, they do not form a part of cell wall. On the other hand, mucilages are part of cell and physiological products. It is important to highlight that gums represent the largest amounts of polymer materials derived from plants. Gums have enormously large and broad applications in both food and non-food industries, being commonly used as thickening, binding, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing agents and matrices for drug release in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, their gelling properties and the ability to mold edible films and coatings are extensively studied. The use of gums depends on the intrinsic properties that they provide, often at costs below those of synthetic polymers. For upgrading the value of gums, they are being processed into various forms, including the most recent nanomaterials, for various biotechnological applications. Thus, the main natural polymers including galactomannans, cellulose, chitin, agar, carrageenan, alginate, cashew gum, pectin and starch, in addition to the current researches about them are reviewed in this article.. }To the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfíico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for fellowships (LCBBC and MGCC) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nvíel Superior (CAPES) (PBSA). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) (JAT)