28 research outputs found
Real-time compression feedback for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest: a multi-center randomized controlled clinical trial
Objective: To determine if real-time compression feedback using a non-automated hand-held device improves
patient outcomes from in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).
Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel study (no crossover) of patients with IHCA in
the mixed medical–surgical intensive care units (ICUs) of eight academic hospitals. Patients received either standard
manual chest compressions or compressions performed with real-time feedback using the Cardio First Angelâ„¢ (CFA)
device. The primary outcome was sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and secondary outcomes were
survival to ICU and hospital discharge.
Results: One thousand four hundred fifty-four subjects were randomized; 900 were included. Sustained ROSC was
significantly improved in the CFA group (66.7% vs. 42.4%, P < 0.001), as was survival to ICU discharge (59.8% vs. 33.6%)
and survival to hospital discharge (54% vs. 28.4%, P < 0.001). Outcomes were not affected by intra-group comparisons
based on intubation status. ROSC, survival to ICU, and hospital discharge were noted to be improved in inter-group
comparisons of non-intubated patients, but not intubated ones.
Conclusion: Use of the CFA compression feedback device improved event survival and survival to ICU and hospital
discharge
The mammals of Angola
Scientific investigations on the mammals of Angola started over 150 years
ago, but information remains scarce and scattered, with only one recent published
account. Here we provide a synthesis of the mammals of Angola based on a thorough
survey of primary and grey literature, as well as recent unpublished records. We present
a short history of mammal research, and provide brief information on each species
known to occur in the country. Particular attention is given to endemic and near endemic
species. We also provide a zoogeographic outline and information on the conservation
of Angolan mammals. We found confirmed records for 291 native species, most of
which from the orders Rodentia (85), Chiroptera (73), Carnivora (39), and
Cetartiodactyla (33). There is a large number of endemic and near endemic species,
most of which are rodents or bats. The large diversity of species is favoured by the wide range of habitats with contrasting environmental conditions, while endemism tends to
be associated with unique physiographic settings such as the Angolan Escarpment. The
mammal fauna of Angola includes 2 Critically Endangered, 2 Endangered, 11
Vulnerable, and 14 Near-Threatened species at the global scale. There are also 12 data
deficient species, most of which are endemics or near endemics to the countryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Islet-Specific CTL Cloned from a Type 1 Diabetes Patient Cause Beta-Cell Destruction after Engraftment into HLAA2 Transgenic NOD/SCID/IL2RG Null Mice
Despite increasing evidence that autoreactive CD8 T-cells are involved in both the initiation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the destruction of beta-cells, direct evidence for their destructive role in-vivo is lacking. To address a destructive role for autoreactive CD8 T-cells in human disease, we assessed the pathogenicity of a CD8 T-cell clone derived from a T1D donor and specific for an HLA-A2-restricted epitope of islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic-subunit related protein (IGRP). HLA-A2/IGRP tetramer staining revealed a higher frequency of IGRP-specific CD8 T-cells in the peripheral blood of recent onset human individuals than of healthy donors. IGRP(265-273)-specific CD8 T-cells that were cloned from the peripheral blood of a recent onset T1D individual were shown to secrete IFNγ and Granzyme B after antigen-specific activation and lyse HLA-A2-expressing murine islets in-vitro. Lytic capacity was also demonstrated in-vivo by specific killing of peptide-pulsed target cells. Using the HLA-A2 NOD-scid IL2rγ(null) mouse model, HLA-A2-restricted IGRP-specific CD8 T-cells induced a destructive insulitis. Together, this is the first evidence that human HLA-restricted autoreactive CD8 T-cells target HLA-expressing beta-cells in-vivo, demonstrating the translational value of humanized mice to study mechanisms of disease and therapeutic intervention strategies
Quality-of-Life Assessment of Fibroid Treatment Options and Outcomes
The health utility values obtained in this study suggest that all of the evaluated treatments for uterine fibroids increased the quality of life and that the perceived morbidity of treatment procedures varied, all of which may inform more robust cost-utility analyses of fibroid treatment