Mídia e vínculo eleitoral : a literatura internacional e o caso brasileiro

O caráter democrático das instituições representativas depende da qualidade do vínculo eleitoral, isto é, da capacidade que o processo eleitoral possui de vincular a ação dos representantes à vontade dos representados. Um elemento-chave no processo é a informação – sobre o comportamento anterior dos políticos, sobre sua plataforma, sobre a agenda pública. Uma vasta literatura discutiu a influência dos principais provedores de informação das sociedades contemporâneas (a mídia de massa) na relação entre representantes e representados. Mas as particularidades do campo político brasileiro colocam em perspectiva a literatura internacional.The democratic character of representative institutions depends on the ties that elections can create between representatives' action and their constituents' will. In that process, information is a key element–information about politicians' former behavior, about their programmes, about public agenda. A wide literature had discussed the influence of the main providers of information in contemporary societies (the mass media) on the relations between representatives and constituents. But Brazilian political field has peculiarities that put international literature in perspective

Parallel simulation of Population Dynamics P systems: updates and roadmap

Population Dynamics P systems are a type of multienvironment P systems that serve as a formal modeling framework for real ecosystems. The accurate simulation of these probabilisticmodels, e.g. with Direct distribution based on Consistent Blocks Algorithm, entails large run times. Hence, parallel platforms such as GPUs have been employed to speedup the simulation. In 2012, the first GPU simulator of PDP systems was presented. However, it was able to run only randomly generated PDP systems. In this paper, we present current updates made on this simulator, involving an input modu le for binary files and an output module for CSV files. Finally, the simulator has been experimentally validated with a real ecosystem model, and its performance has been tested with two high-end GPUs: Tesla C1060 and K40.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-37434Junta de Andalucía P08-TIC-0420

Simulating FRSN P Systems with Real Numbers in P-Lingua on sequential and CUDA platforms

Fuzzy Reasoning Spiking Neural P systems (FRSN P systems, for short) is a variant of Spiking Neural P systems incorporating fuzzy logic elements that make it suitable to model fuzzy diagnosis knowledge and reasoning required for fault diagnosis applications. In this sense, several FRSN P system variants have been proposed, dealing with real numbers, trapezoidal numbers, weights, etc. The model incorporating real numbers was the first introduced [13], presenting promising applications in the field of fault diagnosis of electrical systems. For this variant, a matrix-based algorithm was provided which, when executed on parallel computing platforms, fully exploits the model maximally parallel capacities. In this paper we introduce a P-Lingua framework extension to parse and simulate FRSN P systems with real numbers. Two simulators, implementing a variant of the original matrix-based simulation algorithm, are provided: a sequential one (written in Java), intended to run on traditional CPUs, and a parallel one, intended to run on CUDAenabled devices.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-3743

Calificación Estadística para Aprobación de Créditos Comerciales mediante Modelos Aditivos Generalizados

This article presents the application of a methodological procedure for the construction of a statistical qualification model for the approval of commercial credits in a public financial institution. In this line, the main aim is to reveal the benefits of using generalized additive models (GAM), whose functional structures contemplate the possible non-linearity of the explanatory variables of credit risk in relation to compliance with the payment obligations of borrowers, compared to linear models like the logit. This topic becomes relevant in view of the need for financial institutions to have the right tools and information management systems that allow them to de-establish strategies to improve the placement of their loan portfolio with clients who can fulfill their agreed obligations within the established deadlines, without incurring partial or total delays; in short, minimizing your credit risk. Additionally, in order to meet the stated need, the methodological procedure is applied through programming in the R software, with which the modeling is easily replicable.El presente artículo presenta la aplicación de un procedimiento metodológico para la construcción de un modelo de calificación estadística para la aprobación de créditos comerciales en una institución financiera pública. En esta línea se pretende develar principalmente las bondades de utilizar modelos aditivos generalizados (GAM), cuyas estructuras funcionales contemplan la posible no linealidad de las variables explicativas del riesgo de crédito en su relación con el cumplimiento de las obligaciones de pago de los acreditados, frente a modelos lineales como el logit. Esta temática se torna relevante ante la necesidad de las instituciones financieras de contar con herramientas y sistemas de manejo de información acertados que les permita establecer estrategias para mejorar la colocación de su cartera de créditos en clientes que puedan cumplir con sus obligaciones pactadas en los plazos previstos, sin incurrir en retrasos parciales o totales; en definitiva, minimizando su riesgo de crédito. Adicionalmente, con la finalidad de atender la necesidad expuesta se realiza la aplicación del procedimiento metodológico mediante programación en el software R con lo cual el modelamiento es fácilmente replicable

O pensamento e a imaginação no banco dos réus: ameaças à liberdade de expressão em contexto de golpe e guerras culturais

A liberdade de expressão artística foi posta em questão no Brasil no final de 2017, no momento em que, tendo triunfado com o golpe de 2016, a direita buscava se manter na ofensiva com a produção do pânico moral. Exposições de artes plásticas e performances foram assinaladas como obscenas e nefastas ao público jovem, com exigência de que fossem proibidas. O artigo discute a natureza desta campanha da direita brasileira e o enfraquecimento, nos grupos progressistas, da defesa da liberdade de expressão

Catharine MacKinnon e o sexo como dominação

The article discusses the work of feminist legal scholar Catharine MacKinnon and, in particular, her radical rejection of the liberal notion of “consent”. For the author, sexuality is an expression of male dominance; indeed, it reveals itself as “eroticization of domination”. In such society, there is no possibility of autonomous agency for women. We must undo the work of the internalization of dominant values, so that a genuine feminine consciousness can emerge. This is the backdrop of her controversial views on rape, pornography, prostitution or abortion. The article concludes that, while illuminating important aspects of domination, she simplifies in excess the discussion of autonomy in social agency.O artigo discute a obra da jurista feminista Catharine MacKinnon e, em particular, sua recusa radical à noção liberal de “consentimento”. Para a autora, a sexualidade é a expressão da dominação masculina; de fato, ela se revela como “erotização da dominação”. Numa sociedade assim organizada, não há possibilidade de agência autônoma para mulheres. É necessário desfazer o trabalho de introjeção dos valores dominantes, para que uma consciência feminina genuína possa emergir. Este é o pano de fundo das polêmicas posições de MacKinnon sobre estupro, pornografia e prostituição. O artigo conclui que, embora ilumine aspectos importantes da dominação, ela simplifica em excesso a discussão sobre a autonomia na agência social

Política em tempos de mídia

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En las ruinas de lo inconcluso : el retroceso democrático en Latinoamérica

Instituto de Ciência Política (IPOL