La Imaginería del Vino

La imaginería, como facultad humanapara la creación de diferentes estructuras conceptuales a partir de una misma escena (cf. Langacker, 1987: 490), también se manifiesta en la descripción del vino. Esta contribución sostieneque, en la conceptualización del vino, la imaginería opta por estructuras metonímicas y metafóricas. El análisis se basa en expresiones en español, tales como “vino aromático” y “vino aterciopelado”. Expresiones en francés, inglés y neerlandés indican que la estructuración conceptualmetonímica y metafórica se manifiesta también en otros idiomas. Además, imágenes utilizadas en la publicidad sugieren que esta estructuración conceptual es independiente del símbolo comunicativo que se utilice, ya sea lingüístico o icónico. La principal conclusión es que la conceptualización es metonímica y metafóricay que ambas estructuras convergen en una tercera que se caracteriza por la acomodaciónconceptual

3C-SiC — From Electronic to MEMS Devices

Since decades, silicon carbide (SiC) has been avowed as an interesting material for high-power and high-temperature applications because of its significant properties including its wide bandgap energy and high temperature stability. SiC is also professed as an ideal candidate for microsystem applications due to its excellent mechanical properties and chemical inertia, making it suitable for harsh environments. Among the 250 different SiC polytypes, only 4H, 6H and 3C-SiC are commercially available. The cubic structure, 3C-SiC, is the only one that can be grown on cheap silicon substrates. Hence, 3C-SiC is more interesting than any other polytype for reducing fabrication costs and increasing wafer diameter. This huge property has been evidenced for more than 30 years using chemical vapor deposition. Despite this key achievement and the growing interest for silicon carbide, no 3C-SiC-based devices can be found on the market whereas 4H-SiC-based devices are more and more largely commercialized. Even so, important headways have been reached for electrical and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to address concerns related to electronic applications and MEMS fabrication of 3C-SiC-based devices, trying to give a broad overview on specific issues and challenging solutions

Especificación de una Ontología de Medidas para Internet

Hacer medidas de la red puede llegar ser desesperante. Existen muchos tipos distintos de medidas, programas, sistemas, bases de datos… Esto hace que la tarea de comparar los resultados de todas esas pruebas sea demasiado molesta y engorrosa. Para evitar esto, este proyecto define una ontología para uniformizar la forma en que se representan los datos que se obtienen de los distintos programas de medidas, y una plataforma para poder hacer consultas semánticas sobre todos ellos a la vez. Los resultados obtenidos se han aplicado en el proyecto Openlab del 7º programa marco de la UE. Una ontología es una forma de representar el conocimiento como una serie de conceptos, dentro de un campo concreto (en nuestro caso las medidas de la red), utilizando un vocabulario compartido para especificar los tipos, propiedades y relaciones entre estos conceptos. A efectos prácticos, la plataforma implementada integra un conjunto de bases de datos con una capa semántica por encima dando significado a todos los datos. Para hacer consultas en esta ontología, se utiliza el lenguaje SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language). Gracias a esta ontología y a ciertas herramientas, que permiten la correspondencia de cualquier base de datos relacional con la ontología, podemos tener una visión global de todas las medidas que hayamos tomado, de una manera transparente. Así, aunque cada medida puede estar almacenada en una base de datos distinta, se puede consultar con un vocabulario común y a través de una sola plataforma, llamada SPQR.Performing network metrics can be exhausting. There are several types of metrics, programs, systems, databases… That make the labor of contrasting all the results very hard. In order to avoid that, this project defines an ontology to uniform the way all this data from the different programs is represented and an unique platform to semantically query it all at once, applied in the Openlab project of the 7th UE framework. An ontology formally represents knowledge as a hierarchy of concepts within a domain, using a shared vocabulary to denote the types, properties and interrelationships of those concepts. In practical effects, the platform implemented integrate a set of databases with a semantic layer over them, giving a meaning at all the data. To query this data, we use SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language). With this ontology and some other tools, which allow the "mapping" between any relational database and our ontology, we are able to have a transparent, global view of all the data. Thus, although each measurement is in a different database, we can query it with a common vocabulary from one single platform, called SPQR

Le mal de l'atelier : la fuite, la paresse et autres chiendents du quotidien dans une pratique multidisciplinaire de la chronique et de la bande dessinée

Le présent ouvrage a été assemblé pour répondre aux exigences partielles du programme de la maîtrise en arts visuels et médiatiques de l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il accompagne et constitue la production qui s'est réalisée au cours des deux dernières années de ma recherche. Cette chronique, témoin des évènements grands et petits de mon quotidien, tente de les saisir par l'écriture et la bande dessinée. Le texte est donc un assemblage de ma production écrite et dessinée. Il anime et est animé par les objets, les images et les œuvres qui sortent d'une pratique de l'art au quotidien

Décrochage, raccrochage et rétention scolaires selon les Jeunes franco-ontariens

L’article présente les résultats d’une recherche menée dans les écoles de langue française de l’Ontario sur le décrochage de l’école secondaire, en soulignant le phénomène du « décrochage culturel », selon lequel les jeunes quittent l’école de langue française pour poursuivre leurs études en anglais. À partir du point de vue de jeunes qui vivent, qui ont vécu ou qui sont à risque de vivre le décrochage, les auteurs illus­trent la complexité de cette question dans une perspective multi­factorielle et multidimensionnelle.The paper presents the results of a province-wide study of drop-outs in Ontarian French-language secondary schools. It highlights the phenomena of cultural drop-outs, relating to students who decide to pursue their studies in English-language schools instead of continuing in French. The authors illustrate the complexity of the issue through the multidi­men­sional perspect­ives of youths who have dropped out of school or are at risk of doing so

Santé des jeunes en rupture d'apprentissage: une recherche-action sur les modalités de soutien, les déterminants de la santé et les facteurs favorisant une réinsertion socio-professionnelle

Objectifs: -> identifier les déterminants des résiliations de contrats d'apprentissage dans les cantons de Vaud et du Valais romand, sur le plan de la santé, des comportements, et du parcours scolaire et professionnel; -> identifier les facteurs qui contribuent à la marginalisation et à l'abus de substances, ou au contraire à la réinsertion des jeunes; -> tester l'efficacité d'un programme d'accompagnement de ces jeunes

Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in the nimble and nimbleSMC R Packages

nimble is an R package for constructing algorithms and conducting inference on hierarchical models. The nimble package provides a unique combination of flexible model specification and the ability to program model-generic algorithms. Specifically, the package allows users to code models in the BUGS language, and it allows users to write algorithms that can be applied to any appropriate model. In this paper, we introduce the nimbleSMC R package. nimbleSMC contains algorithms for state-space model analysis using sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) techniques that are built using nimble. We first provide an overview of state-space models and commonly-used SMC algorithms. We then describe how to build a state-space model in nimble and conduct inference using existing SMC algorithms within nimbleSMC. SMC algorithms within nimbleSMC currently include the bootstrap filter, auxiliary particle filter, ensemble Kalman filter, IF2 method of iterated filtering, and a particle Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampler. These algorithms can be run in R or compiled into C++ for more efficient execution. Examples of applying SMC algorithms to linear autoregressive models and a stochastic volatility model are provided. Finally, we give an overview of how model-generic algorithms are coded within nimble by providing code for a simple SMC algorithm. This illustrates how users can easily extend nimble's SMC methods in high-level code

Nested Adaptation of MCMC Algorithms

© 2020 International Society for Bayesian Analysis Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are ubiquitous tools for simulation-based inference in many fields but designing and identifying good MCMC samplers is still an open question. This paper introduces a novel MCMC algorithm, namely, Nested Adaptation MCMC. For sampling variables or blocks of variables, we use two levels of adaptation where the inner adaptation optimizes the MCMC performance within each sampler, while the outer adaptation explores the space of valid kernels to find the optimal samplers. We provide a theoretical foundation for our approach. To show the generality and usefulness of the approach, we describe a framework using only standard MCMC samplers as candidate samplers and some adaptation schemes for both inner and outer iterations. In several benchmark problems, we show that our proposed approach substantially outperforms other approaches, including an automatic blocking algorithm, in terms of MCMC efficiency and computational time