Gestión participativa en el desarrollo de las instituciones públicas

En el trabajo se realizó con el propósito de conocer y proponer mejoras en la gestión participativa en beneficio de las instituciones gubernamentales. El principal elemento estudiado es la gestión participativa, donde el trabajo consensuado y articulado ayuda a cumplir las metas institucionales y al desarrollo de las mismas. La investigación es descriptiva, con enfoque cualitativo y la revisión sistemática de artículos nacionales e internacionales referidas a la variable gestión participativa que luego fueron analizadas. Se concluye que casi el 100% de los estudios relacionan la influencia de la gestión participativa en el desarrollo de las instituciones públicas. Estas están basadas en políticas que tiene que ver con procesos desde la planificación, organización, dirección y control. Incluso, las instituciones inician el proceso desde la parte interna y los que deben fomentar la articulación externa con buenas políticas de comunicación para lograr la participación activa y compromisos de cada uno, con miras a generar desarrollo o llegar a objetivos comunes. Para lograr la articulación de los diferentes actores depende mucho de la decisión política de los gobernantes o decisores de las instituciones, con vocación de servicio para generar desarrollo social

Contaminación auditiva en los centros de diversión y la vulneración del derecho a vivir en morales

The research was carried out with the purpose of determining the noise pollution in the entertainment centers and the violation of the right to live in Morales, seeking to correlate the variables that have to do with the annoying noises that impede the freedom to live in a quiet area of the habitants. The research was descriptive causal correlation, with a mixed approach. The population was considered by 8 nightlife centers and the population of the residents of the area; The sample consisted of 6 authorized nightclubs and 30 families affected by noise pollution; the techniques used were the survey and interview. Within the results it was indicated that 91.67% equivalent to 55 people surveyed indicate that the main cause that originates noise pollution is exposure to high levels of noise; In the same way, 3.33% refer that the main cause of noise pollution is due to the traffic of car and mobile vehicles; and 1.67% indicate that the cause of noise pollution is due to the traffic of linear motorcycles. Likewise, with respect to the damage caused to the auditory system when the person is exposed to sound in the streets, where it is noted that 83.33% equivalent to 50 people surveyed indicate that the damage that can be caused to the auditory system is all of the above, understood (Deafness, nerves, headache and irritability) and 16.67%, which is made up of 10 respondents, refer that the damage to the auditory system due to sound exposure is the headache.La investigación se realizó con el propósito de determinar la contaminación auditiva en los centros de diversión y la vulneración del derecho a vivir en Morales, buscando correlacionar las variables que tiene que ver con los ruidos molestos que impiden la libertad de vivir en una zona tranquila de los habitantes. La investigación fue descriptiva correlacional causal, de enfoque mixto. La población estuvo considerada por 8 centros de diversión nocturna y la población de los vecinos de la zona; la muestra estuvo conformada por 6 centros nocturnos habilitados y 30 familias perjudicados por la contaminación auditiva; las técnicas utilizadas fueron la encuesta y entrevista. Dentro de los resultados se indicó que un 91.67% equivalente a 55 personas encuestadas señalan que la principal causa que origina la contaminación sonora es la exposición a altos niveles de ruido; del mismo modo un 3.33% refiere que la principal causa de contaminación sonora se debe al tráfico de vehículos de carro y de trimoviles; y un 1.67% señalan que la causa de contaminación sonora es por el tráfico de vehículos de motos lineales. Asimismo, respecto del perjuicio que produce al sistema auditivo cuando la persona está expuesto al sonido en las calles, donde se señala que un 83.33% equivalente a 50 personas encuestadas señalan que los perjuicios que puede ocasionar al sistema auditivo es todas las anteriores, entendiéndose (Sordera, nervios, dolor de cabeza e irritabilidad) y un 16.67% que está conformado por 10 encuestados refieren que los perjuicios al sistema auditivo por la exposición del sonido es el dolor de cabeza

Vulneración del derecho a la dignidad de la persona en delitos contra el pudor

The investigative work aims to describe the violation of the right to dignity of the person that has to do with the crime against modesty. The type of research is applied, non-experimental and descriptive; The technique of documentary analysis and interviews applied to prosecutors in the jurisdiction where the investigation was carried out was used, as instruments were the analysis guide and the interview guide. Among the results regarding the right to dignity, all agree that the acts are carried out in different ways, taken with psychological expertise to determine the corresponding process, where these actions affect the fundamental rights of the victims, with discriminatory and inhuman treatment, violating their dignity and generating a criminal sanction. Regarding the crime of shame, the majority of cases have not been convicted with due process, without using objective and impartial criteria with elements of conviction to have a conviction. Regarding the theorization of thematic units, it occurred to the extent that the prosecutors acted to safeguard the emotional integrity of the aggrieved, making the statements in the presence of the parents when they were minors, without having contact with the aggressor who, has performed acts of touching in areas related to the sexuality of minors. Concluding that the defense of people's rights is fundamental, as well as respect for their dignity as the supreme goal of human rights, where the state must protect and safeguard these people's rights. Likewise, it was found that this problem of violation of rights to dignity and shame of people always occurs, but some do not have enough evidence to condemn said crime.El trabajo investigativo tiene como finalidad describir la vulneración del derecho a la dignidad de la persona que tiene que ver con el delito contra el pudor. El tipo de investigación es aplicada, no experimental y descriptiva; se usó la técnica de análisis documental y entrevistas aplicada a fiscales de la jurisdicción donde se desarrolló la investigación, como instrumentos fue la guía de análisis y la guía de entrevista. Entre los resultados respecto al derecho a la dignidad todos coinciden que los actos se realizan de formas diferentes, tomada con una pericia psicológica para determinar el proceso correspondiente, donde estas acciones afectan a los derechos fundamentales de las víctimas, con tratos discriminatorios e inhumanos, vulnerando su dignidad y generando una sanción penal, donde se sancionaron solo a 20% y un 60% se archivaron las carpetas fiscales por carencia de pruebas. Respecto al delito de actos contra el pudor, un 60% no fueron condenados con un debido proceso, sin utilizar el criterio objetivo e imparcial con elementos de convicción para tener una sentencia condenatoria. Referente a la teorización de unidades temáticas, se dio en la medida que los fiscales actuaron en la medida de salvaguardar la integridad emocional de los agraviados, realizando las declaraciones en presencia de los padres cuando son menores de edad, sin tener contacto con el agresor que, a realizado actos de tocamiento en zonas relacionadas a la sexualidad de los menores. Concluyendo que la defensa de los derechos de las personas es fundamental, así como el respeto a la dignidad de los mismos como fin supremo de los derechos humanos, donde el estado debe proteger y salvaguardar esos derechos de las personas. Así mismo, se pudo encontrar que este problema de vulneración de derechos a la dignidad y pudor de las personas se dan siempre, pero algunos no tienen las suficientes pruebas para condenar dicho delito

Myasthenic congenital myopathy from recessive mutations at a single residue in NaV1.4

OBJECTIVE: To identify the genetic and physiologic basis for recessive myasthenic congenital myopathy in 2 families, suggestive of a channelopathy involving the sodium channel gene, SCN4A. METHODS: A combination of whole exome sequencing and targeted mutation analysis, followed by voltage-clamp studies of mutant sodium channels expressed in fibroblasts (HEK cells) and Xenopus oocytes. RESULTS: Missense mutations of the same residue in the skeletal muscle sodium channel, R1460 of NaV1.4, were identified in a family and a single patient of Finnish origin (p.R1460Q) and a proband in the United States (p.R1460W). Congenital hypotonia, breathing difficulties, bulbar weakness, and fatigability had recessive inheritance (homozygous p.R1460W or compound heterozygous p.R1460Q and p.R1059X), whereas carriers were either asymptomatic (p.R1460W) or had myotonia (p.R1460Q). Sodium currents conducted by mutant channels showed unusual mixed defects with both loss-of-function (reduced amplitude, hyperpolarized shift of inactivation) and gain-of-function (slower entry and faster recovery from inactivation) changes. CONCLUSIONS: Novel mutations in families with myasthenic congenital myopathy have been identified at p.R1460 of the sodium channel. Recessive inheritance, with experimentally established loss-of-function, is a consistent feature of sodium channel based myasthenia, whereas the mixed gain of function for p.R1460 may also cause susceptibility to myotonia

Risk of malnutrition is associated with mental health symptoms in community living elderly men and women: The Tromsø Study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Little research has been done on the relationship between malnutrition and mental health in community living elderly individuals. In the present study, we aimed to assess the associations between mental health (particularly anxiety and depression) and both the risk of malnutrition and body mass index (BMI, kg/m²) in a large sample of elderly men and women from Tromsø, Norway.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a cross-sectional survey, with 1558 men and 1553 women aged 65 to 87 years, the risk of malnutrition was assessed by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool ('MUST'), and mental health was measured by the Symptoms Check List 10 (SCL-10). BMI was categorised into six groups (< 20.0, 20.0-22.4, 22.5-24.9, 25.0-27.4, 27.5-29.9, ≥ 30.0 kg/m²).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The risk of malnutrition (combining medium and high risk) was found in 5.6% of the men and 8.6% of the women. Significant mental health symptoms were reported by 3.9% of the men and 9.1% of the women. In a model adjusted for age, marital status, smoking and education, significant mental health symptoms (SCL-10 score ≥ 1.85) were positively associated with the risk of malnutrition (odds ratio 3.9 [95% CI 1.7-8.6] in men and 2.5 [95%CI 1.3-4.9] in women), the association was positive also for subthreshold mental health symptoms. For individuals with BMI < 20.0 the adjusted odds ratio for significant mental health symptoms was 2.0 [95% CI 1.0-4.0].</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Impaired mental health was strongly associated with the risk of malnutrition in community living elderly men and women and this association was also significant for subthreshold mental health symptoms.</p

Timeless Links Replication Termination to Mitotic Kinase Activation

The mechanisms that coordinate the termination of DNA replication with progression through mitosis are not completely understood. The human Timeless protein (Tim) associates with S phase replication checkpoint proteins Claspin and Tipin, and plays an important role in maintaining replication fork stability at physical barriers, like centromeres, telomeres and ribosomal DNA repeats, as well as at termination sites. We show here that human Tim can be isolated in a complex with mitotic entry kinases CDK1, Auroras A and B, and Polo-like kinase (Plk1). Plk1 bound Tim directly and colocalized with Tim at a subset of mitotic structures in M phase. Tim depletion caused multiple mitotic defects, including the loss of sister-chromatid cohesion, loss of mitotic spindle architecture, and a failure to exit mitosis. Tim depletion caused a delay in mitotic kinase activity in vivo and in vitro, as well as a reduction in global histone H3 S10 phosphorylation during G2/M phase. Tim was also required for the recruitment of Plk1 to centromeric DNA and formation of catenated DNA structures at human centromere alpha satellite repeats. Taken together, these findings suggest that Tim coordinates mitotic kinase activation with termination of DNA replication

Effective Rheology of Bubbles Moving in a Capillary Tube

We calculate the average volumetric flux versus pressure drop of bubbles moving in a single capillary tube with varying diameter, finding a square-root relation from mapping the flow equations onto that of a driven overdamped pendulum. The calculation is based on a derivation of the equation of motion of a bubble train from considering the capillary forces and the entropy production associated with the viscous flow. We also calculate the configurational probability of the positions of the bubbles.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Dynamic and influential interaction of cancer cells with normal epithelial cells in 3D culture

BACKGROUND: The cancer microenvironment has a strong impact on the growth and dynamics of cancer cells. Conventional 2D culture systems, however, do not reflect in vivo conditions, impeding detailed studies of cancer cell dynamics. This work aims to establish a method to reveal the interaction of cancer and normal epithelial cells using 3D time-lapse. METHODS: GFP-labelled breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, were co-cultured with mCherry-labelled non-cancerous epithelial cells, MDCK, in a gel matrix. In the 3D culture, the epithelial cells establish a spherical morphology (epithelial sphere) thus providing cancer cells with accessibility to the basal surface of epithelia, similar to the in vivo condition. Cell movement was monitored using time-lapse analyses. Ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and protein expression analyses were also performed following the time-lapse study. RESULTS: In contrast to the 2D culture system, whereby most MDA-MB-231 cells exhibit spindle-shaped morphology as single cells, in the 3D culture the MDA-MB-231 cells were found to be single cells or else formed aggregates, both of which were motile. The single MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited both round and spindle shapes, with dynamic changes from one shape to the other, visible within a matter of hours. When co-cultured with epithelial cells, the MDA-MB-231 cells displayed a strong attraction to the epithelial spheres, and proceeded to surround and engulf the epithelial cell mass. The surrounded epithelial cells were eventually destroyed, becoming debris, and were taken into the MDA-MB-231 cells. However, when there was a relatively large population of normal epithelial cells, the MDA-MB-231 cells did not engulf the epithelial spheres effectively, despite repeated contacts. MDA-MB-231 cells co-cultured with a large number of normal epithelial cells showed reduced expression of monocarboxylate transporter-1, suggesting a change in the cell metabolism. A decreased level of gelatin-digesting ability as well as reduced production of matrix metaroproteinase-2 was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: This culture method is a powerful technique to investigate cancer cell dynamics and cellular changes in response to the microenvironment. The method can be useful for various aspects such as; different combinations of cancer and non-cancer cell types, addressing the organ-specific affinity of cancer cells to host cells, and monitoring the cellular response to anti-cancer drugs. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-014-0108-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users