36 research outputs found
Abordagem multifatorial do absenteĂsmo por doença em trabalhadores de enfermagem
OBJETIVO: Analisar fatores associados ao absenteĂsmo por doença autorreferido em trabalhadores de enfermagem. MĂTODOS: Estudo transversal com 1.509 trabalhadores de trĂȘs hospitais pĂșblicos no municĂpio do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, em 2006. O absenteĂsmo foi classificado em trĂȘs nĂveis: nenhum dia, poucos dias (um a nove dias) e muitos dias (>; 10 dias), a partir da resposta a uma pergunta do questionĂĄrio de avaliação do Ăndice de capacidade para o trabalho. As anĂĄlises de regressĂŁo logĂstica levaram em conta um modelo conceitual com base em determinantes distais (condiçÔes socioeconĂŽmicas), de nĂveis intermediĂĄrios I (caracterĂsticas ocupacionais) e II (caracterĂsticas do estilo de vida), e proximais (doenças e condiçÔes de saĂșde). RESULTADOS: As frequĂȘncias de absenteĂsmo por doença foram de 20,3% e 16,6% para poucos e muitos dias, respectivamente. Aqueles que referiram mais de um emprego, doenças osteomusculares e avaliaram sua saĂșde como ruim ou regular apresentaram chances mais elevadas de absenteĂsmo. Comparados aos enfermeiros, os auxiliares tiveram menor chance de referir poucos dias e os tĂ©cnicos, maiores chances de apresentar muitos dias de ausĂȘncia. Chances mais elevadas de referir muitos dias de ausĂȘncia foram observadas entre os servidores pĂșblicos em relação aos contratados (OR = 3,12; IC95% 1,86;5,22) e entre os casados (OR = 1,73; IC95% 1,14;2,63) e separados, divorciados e viĂșvos (OR = 2,06; IC95% 1,27;3,35), comparados aos solteiros. CONCLUSĂES: Diferentes variĂĄveis foram associadas Ă s duas modalidades de absenteĂsmo, o que sugere sua determinação mĂșltipla e complexa, relacionada a fatores de diversos nĂveis que nĂŁo podem ser explicados apenas por problemas de saĂșde.OBJETIVO: Analizar factores asociados al ausentismo por enfermedad auto referida en trabajadores de enfermerĂa. MĂTODOS: Estudio transversal con 1.509 trabajadores de tres hospitales pĂșblicos en Rio de Janeiro, Sureste de Brasil, en 2006. El ausentismo fue clasificado en tres niveles: ningĂșn dĂa, pocos dĂas (uno a nueve dĂas) y muchos dĂas (>;10 dĂas), a partir de la respuesta a una pregunta de cuestionario de evaluaciĂłn del Ăndice de capacidad para el trabajo. Los anĂĄlisis de regresiĂłn logĂstica tomaron en cuenta un modelo conceptual con base en determinantes distales (condiciones socioeconĂłmicas), de nivel intermedio I (caracterĂsticas ocupacionales) y II (caracterĂsticas de estilo de vida) y, proximales (enfermedades y condiciones de salud). RESULTADOS: Las frecuencias de ausentismo por enfermedad fueron de 20,3% y 16,6% para pocos y muchos dĂas, respectivamente. Aquellos que mencionaron mĂĄs de un empleo, enfermedades osteomusculares y evaluaron su salud como mala o regular presentaron chances mĂĄs elevados de ausentismo. En comparaciĂłn con los enfermeros, los auxiliares tuvieron menor chance de relatar pocos dĂas y los tĂ©cnicos, mayores chances de presentar muchos dĂas de ausencia. Chances mas elevados de mencionar muchos dĂas de ausencia fueron observados entre los servidores pĂșblicos con relaciĂłn a los contratados (OR=3,12; IC95% 1,86;5,22) y entre los casados (OR= 1,73; IC95% 1,14;2,63) y separados, divorciados y viudos (OR= 2,06; IC95% 1,27;3,35), en comparaciĂłn con los solteros. CONCLUSIONES: Diferentes variables fueron asociadas con las dos modalidades de ausentismo, lo que sugiere su determinaciĂłn mĂșltiple y compleja, relacionada con factores de diversos niveles que no pueden ser explicados sĂłlo por problemas de salud.OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with self-reported sickness absenteeism among nursing workers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 1,509 workers from three public hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Southeastern Brazil) in 2006. Absenteeism was classified in three levels: no day, a few days (1-9 days) and many days (>; 10 days), based on the answer to a question of the work ability index questionnaire. The logistic regression analysis considered a conceptual model based on distal (socioeconomic status), intermediate I (occupational characteristics), intermediate II (lifestyle characteristics), and proximal (diseases and health conditions) determinants. RESULTS: The frequencies of sickness absenteeism were 20.3% and 16.6% for a few days and many days, respectively. Those who reported more than one job, musculoskeletal diseases and rated their health as poor or regular had higher odds of absenteeism. Compared to nurses, nursing assistants were less likely to mention a few days, and technicians were more likely to have many days of absence. Higher odds of mentioning many days of absence were observed among public servants, compared to contract workers (OR = 3.12; 95%CI 1.86;5.22), and among married (OR = 1.73; 95%CI 1.14;2.63) and separated, divorced and widowed individuals (OR = 2.06, 95%CI 1.27;3.35), compared to singles. CONCLUSIONS: Different variables were associated with the two forms of absenteeism, which suggests its multiple and complex determination related to factors from different levels that cannot be exclusively explained by health problems
The Integrative Taxonomic Approach Reveals Host Specific Species in an Encyrtid Parasitoid Species Complex
Integrated taxonomy uses evidence from a number of different character types to delimit species and other natural groupings. While this approach has been advocated recently, and should be of particular utility in the case of diminutive insect parasitoids, there are relatively few examples of its application in these taxa. Here, we use an integrated framework to delimit independent lineages in Encyrtus sasakii (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid morphospecies previously considered a host generalist. Sequence variation at the DNA barcode (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) and nuclear 28S rDNA loci were compared to morphometric recordings and mating compatibility tests, among samples of this species complex collected from its four scale insect hosts, covering a broad geographic range of northern and central China. Our results reveal that Encyrtus sasakii comprises three lineages that, while sharing a similar morphology, are highly divergent at the molecular level. At the barcode locus, the median K2P molecular distance between individuals from three primary populations was found to be 11.3%, well outside the divergence usually observed between Chalcidoidea conspecifics (0.5%). Corroborative evidence that the genetic lineages represent independent species was found from mating tests, where compatibility was observed only within populations, and morphometric analysis, which found that despite apparent morphological homogeneity, populations clustered according to forewing shape. The independent lineages defined by the integrated analysis correspond to the three scale insect hosts, suggesting the presence of host specific cryptic species. The finding of hidden host specificity in this species complex demonstrates the critical role that DNA barcoding will increasingly play in revealing hidden biodiversity in taxa that present difficulties for traditional taxonomic approaches
Integrative literature review of the reported uses of serological tests in leprosy management
Abstract: An integrative literature review was conducted to synthesize available publications regarding the potential use of serological tests in leprosy programs. We searched the databases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em CiĂȘncias da SaĂșde, Ăndice BibliogrĂĄfico Espanhol em CiĂȘncias da SaĂșde, Acervo da Biblioteca da Organização Pan-Americana da SaĂșde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, HansenĂase, National Library of Medicine, Scopus, Ovid, Cinahl, and Web of Science for articles investigating the use of serological tests for antibodies against phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I), ML0405, ML2331, leprosy IDRI diagnostic-1 (LID-1), and natural disaccharide octyl-leprosy IDRI diagnostic-1 (NDO-LID). From an initial pool of 3.514 articles, 40 full-length articles fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Based on these papers, we concluded that these antibodies can be used to assist in diagnosing leprosy, detecting neuritis, monitoring therapeutic efficacy, and monitoring household contacts or at-risk populations in leprosy-endemic areas. Thus, available data suggest that serological tests could contribute substantially to leprosy management
Combination of searches for heavy spin-1 resonances using 139 fbâ1 of proton-proton collision data at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A combination of searches for new heavy spin-1 resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as directly into leptons or quarks, is presented. The data sample used corresponds to 139 fbâ1 of proton-proton collisions at
= 13 TeV collected during 2015â2018 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Analyses selecting quark pairs (qq, bb,
, and tb) or third-generation leptons (ÏÎœ and ÏÏ) are included in this kind of combination for the first time. A simplified model predicting a spin-1 heavy vector-boson triplet is used. Cross-section limits are set at the 95% confidence level and are compared with predictions for the benchmark model. These limits are also expressed in terms of constraints on couplings of the heavy vector-boson triplet to quarks, leptons, and the Higgs boson. The complementarity of the various analyses increases the sensitivity to new physics, and the resulting constraints are stronger than those from any individual analysis considered. The data exclude a heavy vector-boson triplet with mass below 5.8 TeV in a weakly coupled scenario, below 4.4 TeV in a strongly coupled scenario, and up to 1.5 TeV in the case of production via vector-boson fusion