Produção comercial de achigãs - primeira experiência em Portugal

Produção comercial de achigãs - primeira experiência em Portugal

Growth evaluation of largemouth bass raised in aquaculture - first results

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (LB) is a freshwater fish introduced in Portugal (Azores) in the end of XIX Century. It is a very important fish in regional cuisine especially in Ribatejo, Beira Baixa and Alentejo regions. The Sociedade Agrícola Vale de Inguinhos S.A. (SAVI) is the first LB aquaculture industry with permission for production 61.5 tones LB/year. Because in Portugal there are no specific LB comercial feed compound SAVI is now evaluate the growth capacity of wild LB using a commercial feed formulated for seabream and European seabass (protein 47.7%, fat 17.3%). On September 2014 358 juvenile LB (0+ years) were caught from 5 small dams belonging to SAVI. Juvenile were stocked in a circular tank used for compound feed training and evaluate fish growth. On the day zero 57 fish were sampled. The average values were: weight 19.49g (±1.882); length 11.85cm (±0.275); K condition factor 1.170 (±0.081). During the compound feed training period (35 days) the survival rate was 90.2%. A sample of >60 LB was collected every ~30 days. Thirty-five days (n=67) and 67 days (n=80) after the end feed training period, a LB sample were controlled with the following results: weight, 35 days 15.31g (±2.681) and 67 days 20.46g (±5.363) (P0.05). Water temperature ranged 24.6ºC and 10.0ºC. The first results indicate there was a decrease in weight and K condition factor during feed training period. However, the mortality rate was acceptable. Between 35 to 67 days, largemouth bass weight and length increased significantly. We conclude that commercial compound used at SAVI is appropriate to feed juveniles Micropterus salmoides

Interaction of global and local monopoles

We study the direct interaction between global and local monopoles. While in two previous papers, the coupling between the two sectors was only indirect through the coupling to gravity, we here introduce a new term in the potential that couples the Goldstone field and the Higgs field directly. We investigate the influence of this term in curved space and compare it to the results obtained previously.Comment: 9 Revtex pages, 4 ps-figure

Statistical properties of phases and delay times of the one-dimensional Anderson model with one open channel

We study the distribution of phases and of Wigner delay times for a one-dimensional Anderson model with one open channel. Our approach, based on classical Hamiltonian maps, allows us an analytical treatment. We find that the distribution of phases depends drastically on the parameter $\sigma_A = \sigma/sin k$ where $\sigma^2$ is the variance of the disorder distribution and $k$ the wavevector. It undergoes a transition from uniformity to singular behaviour as $\sigma_A$ increases. The distribution of delay times shows universal power law tails $~ 1/\tau^2$, while the short time behaviour is $\sigma_A$- dependent.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to PR

Changes In Motor Behavior During Pregnancy In Rats: The Basis For A Possible Animal Model Of Restless Legs Syndrome [alterações No Comportamento Motor De Ratas Prenhes: Bases Para Um Possível Modelo Animal Da Síndrome Das Pernas Inquietas]

PURPOSE: Pregnant women have a 2-3 fold higher probability of developing restless legs syndrome (RLS – sleep-related movement disorders) than general population. This study aims to evaluate the behavior and locomotion of rats during pregnancy in order to verify if part of these animals exhibit some RLS-like features. METHODS: We used 14 female 80-day-old Wistar rats that weighed between 200 and 250 g. The rats were distributed into control (CTRL) and pregnant (PN) groups. After a baseline evaluation of their behavior and locomotor activity in an open-field environment, the PN group was inducted into pregnancy, and their behavior and locomotor activity were evaluated on days 3, 10 and 19 of pregnancy and in the post-lactation period in parallel with the CTRL group. The serum iron and transferrin levels in the CTRL and PN groups were analyzed in blood collected after euthanasia by decapitation. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the total ambulation, grooming events, fecal boli or urine pools between the CTRL and PN groups. However, the PN group exhibited fewer rearing events, increased grooming time and reduced immobilization time than the CTRL group (ANOVA, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that pregnant rats show behavioral and locomotor alterations similar to those observed in animal models of RLS, demonstrating to be a possible animal model of this sleep disorder.3610436441Allen, R.P., Walters, A.S., Montplaisir, J., Hening, W., Myers, A., Bell, T.J., Restless legs syndrome prevalence and impact: REST general population study (2005) Arch Intern Med, 165 (11), pp. 1286-1292McCrink, L., Allen, R.P., Wolowacz, S., Sherrill, B., Connolly, M., Kirsch, J., Predictors of health-related quality of life in sufferers with restless legs syndrome: A multi-national study (2007) Sleep Med, 8 (1), pp. 73-83Trenkwalder, C., Paulus, W., Restless legs syndrome: Pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management (2010) Nat Rev Neurol, 6 (6), pp. 337-346Phillips, B., Young, T., Finn, L., Asher, K., Hening, W.A., Purvis, C., Epidemiology of restless legs symptoms in adults (2000) Arch Intern Med, 160 (14), pp. 2137-2141Manconi, M., Govoni, V., De Vito, A., Economou, N.T., Cesnik, E., Mollica, G., Pregnancy as a risk factor for restless legs syndrome (2004) Sleep Med, 5 (3), pp. 305-308Goodman, J.D., Brodie, C., Ayida, G.A., Restless leg syndrome in pregnancy (1988) BMJ, 297 (6656), pp. 1101-1102Eriksson, L., Edén, S., Holst, J., Lindstedt, G., Von Schoultz, B., Diurnal variations in thyrotropin, prolactin and cortisol during human pregnancy (1989) Gynecol Obstet Invest, 27 (2), pp. 78-83Walters, A.S., Toward a better definition of the restless legs syndrome. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (1995) Mov Disord, 10 (5), pp. 634-642Lee, K.A., Zaffke, M.E., Baratte-Beebe, K., Restless legs syndrome and sleep disturbance during pregnancy: The role of folate and iron (2001) J Womens Health Gender Based Med, 10 (4), pp. 335-341Garcia-Borreguero, D., Larrosa, O., Granizo, J.J., De La Llave, Y., Hening, W.A., Circadian variation in neuroendocrine response to L-dopa in patients with restless legs syndrome (2004) Sleep, 27 (4), pp. 669-673Manconi, M., Govoni, V., De Vito, A., Economou, N.T., Cesnik, E., Casetta, I., Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy (2004) Neurology, 63 (6), pp. 1065-1069Balendran, J., Champion, D., Jaaniste, T., Welsh, A., A common sleep disorder in pregnancy: Restless legs syndrome and its predictors (2011) Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 51 (3), pp. 262-264Ekbom, K.A., (1945) Restless legs. Acta Med Scand, 121, pp. 7-123Ekbom, K.A., Restless legs syndrome (1960) Neurology, 10, pp. 868-873Bonduelle, M., Restlessness, J.B., (1953) Bull Med, 67 (12), p. 316Manconi, M., De Vito, A., Economou, N.T., Govoni, V., Casetta, I., Granieri, E., Restless leg syndrome in pregnancy: Preliminary epidemiological results in 130 women (2002) J Sleep Res, 11, pp. 126-149Allen, R.P., Picchietti, D., Hening, W.A., Trenkwalder, C., Walters, A.S., Montplaisi, J., Restless legs syndrome: Diagnostic criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the restless legs syndrome diagnosis and epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health (2003) Sleep Med, 4 (2), pp. 101-119Ondo, W.G., He, Y., Rajasekaran, S., Le, W.D., Clinical correlates of 6-hydroxydopamine injections into A11 dopaminergic neurons in rats: A possible model for restless legs syndrome (2000) Mov Disord, 15 (1), pp. 154-158Esteves, A.M., De Mello, M.T., Lancellotti, C.L., Natal, C.L., Tufik, S., Occurrence of limb movement during sleep in rats with spinal cord injury (2004) Brain Res, 1017 (1-2), pp. 32-38Esteves, A.M., Mello, M.T., Squarcini, C.F., Lancellotti, C.L., Comparoni, A., Tufik, S., Sleep patterns over 15-day period in rats with spinal cord injury (2007) Spinal Cord, 45 (5), pp. 360-366Esteves, A.M., Squarcini, C.F., Lancellotti, C.L., Tufik, S., De Mello, M.T., Characteristics of muscle fibers in rats with limb movements during sleep after spinal cord injury (2012) Eur Neurol, 67 (2), pp. 107-115Ondo, W.G., Zhao, H.R., Le, W.D., Animal models of restless legs syndrome (2007) Sleep Med, 8 (4), pp. 344-348Qu, S., Le, W., Zhang, X., Xie, W., Zhang, A., Ondo, W.G., Locomotion is increased in a11-lesioned mice with iron deprivation: A possible animal model for restless legs syndrome (2007) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 66 (5), pp. 383-388Baier, P.C., Ondo, W.G., Winkelmann, J., Animal studies in restless legs syndrome (2007) Mov Disord, 22, pp. 459-465Lopes, C., Esteves, A.M., Frussa-Filho, R., Tufik, S., De Mello, M.T., Evaluation of periodic limb movements in a putative animal model of restless leg syndrome (2012) Mov Disord, 27 (3), pp. 413-420Esteves, A.M., Lopes, C., Frussa-Filho, R., Frank, M.K., Cavagnolli, D., Arida, R.M., Spontaneously hypertensive rats: Possible animal model of sleep-related movement disorders (2013) J Mot Behav, 45 (6), pp. 487-493Howard-Jones, N., A CIOMS ethical code for animal experimentation (1985) WHO Chron, 39 (2), pp. 51-56Long, J.A., Evans, H.M., The oestrous cycle in the rat and its associated phenomena, , Berkeley: University of California1922. (Memoirs of University of California, 6)Mandl, A.M., The phases of the oestrous cycle in the adult white rat (1951) J Exp Biol, 28 (4), pp. 576-584Marcondes, F.K., Bianchi, F.J., Tanno, A.P., Determination of the estrous cycle phases of rats: Some helpful considerations (2002) Braz J Biol, 62 (4A), pp. 609-614Manconi, M., Hutchins, W., Feroah, T.R., Zucconi, M., Ferini-Strambi, L., On the pathway of an animal model for restless legs syndrome (2007) Neurol Sci, 28, pp. S53-60Fukushiro, D.F., Calzavara, M.B., Trombin, T.F., Lopez, G.B., Abílio, V.C., Andersen, M.L., Effects of environmental enrichment and paradoxical sleep deprivation on open-field behavior of amphetamine-treated mice (2007) Physiol Behav, 92 (4), pp. 773-779Earley, C.J., Connor, J.R., Beard, J.L., Malecki, E.A., Epstein, D.K., Allen, R.P., Abnormalities in CSF concentrations of ferritin and transferrin in restless legs syndrome (2000) Neurology, 54 (8), pp. 1698-1700Mizuno, S., Mihara, T., Miyaoka, T., Inagaki, T., Horiguchi, J., CSF iron, ferritin and transferrin levels in restless legs syndrome (2005) J Sleep Res, 14 (1), pp. 43-4

The Library of Babel: On the origin of gravitational thermodynamics

We show that heavy pure states of gravity can appear to be mixed states to almost all probes. For AdS_5 Schwarzschild black holes, our arguments are made using the field theory dual to string theory in such spacetimes. Our results follow from applying information theoretic notions to field theory operators capable of describing very heavy states in gravity. For half-BPS states of the theory which are incipient black holes, our account is exact: typical microstates are described in gravity by a spacetime ``foam'', the precise details of which are almost invisible to almost all probes. We show that universal low-energy effective description of a foam of given global charges is via certain singular spacetime geometries. When one of the specified charges is the number of D-branes, the effective singular geometry is the half-BPS ``superstar''. We propose this as the general mechanism by which the effective thermodynamic character of gravity emerges.Comment: LaTeX, 6 eps figures, uses young.sty and wick.sty; Version 2: typos corrected, minor rewordings and clarifications, references adde

What are the advantages of living in a community? A microbial biofilm perspective!

Biofilm formation is the preferred mode of growth lifestyle for many microorganisms, including bacterial and fungal human pathogens. Biofilm is a strong and dynamic structure that confers a broad range of advantages to its members, such as adhesion/cohesion capabilities, mechanical properties, nutritional sources, metabolite exchange platform, cellular communication, protection and resistance to drugs (e.g., antimicrobials, antiseptics, and disinfectants), environmental stresses (e.g., dehydration and ultraviolet light), host immune attacks (e.g., antibodies, complement system, antimicrobial peptides, and phagocytes), and shear forces. Microbial biofilms cause problems in the hospital environment, generating high healthcare costs and prolonged patient stay, which can result in further secondary microbial infections and various health complications. Consequently, both public and private investments must be made to ensure better patient management, as well as to find novel therapeutic strategies to circumvent the resistance and resilience profiles arising from biofilm-associated microbial infections. In this work, we present a general overview of microbial biofilm formation and its relevance within the biomedical context

Bottom Production

We review the prospects for bottom production physics at the LHC.Comment: 74 pages, Latex, 71 figures, to appear in the Report of the ``1999 CERN Workshop on SM physics (and more) at the LHC'', P. Nason, G. Ridolfi, O. Schneider G.F. Tartarelli, P. Vikas (conveners

On Wilson loops and QQˉQ\bar Q-potentials from the AdS/CFT relation at T≥0T\geq 0

We give a short introduction to and a partial review of the work on the calculation of Wilson loops and $Q\bar Q$-potentials via the conjectured AdS/CFT duality. Included is a discussion of the relative weight of the stringy correction to the target space background versus the correction by the quantum fluctuations of the string world sheet.Comment: 7 pages, one figure (eps), Latex, uses lamuphys.sty and bibnorm.sty, based on conference talks. a reference adde

Branching Fractions for D0 -> K+K- and D0 -> pi+pi-, and a Search for CP Violation in D0 Decays

Using the large hadroproduced charm sample collected in experiment E791 at Fermilab, we have measured ratios of branching fractions for the two-body singly-Cabibbo-suppressed charged decays of the D0: (D0 -> KK)/(D0 -> Kpi) = 0.109 +- 0.003 +- 0.003, (D0 -> pipi)/(D0 -> Kpi) = 0.040 +- 0.002 +- 0.003, and (D0 -> KK)/(D0 -> pipi) = 2.75 +- 0.15 +- 0.16. We have looked for differences in the decay rates of D0 and D0bar to the CP eigenstates K+K- and pi+pi-, and have measured the CP asymmetry parameters A_CP(K+K-) = -0.010 +- 0.049 +- 0.012 and A_CP(pi+pi-) = -0.049 +- 0.078 +- 0.030, both consistent with zero.Comment: 10 Postscript pages, including 2 figures. Submitted to Phys. Lett.