A Typology of Residents of Settlement in Urban Riverbank, Indonesia

Individual preferences regarding settlements are influenced by many factors. This study examines slum resident’s preferences with the analysis conjoint with cluster analysis to identify groups of residents in similar housing preferences. This study also explores the relationship between the groups and demographic characteristics. We identify the settlement development for communities that are living in the Musi riverbank, Palembang, Indonesia. The city of Palembang experienced a rapid development. As is the case with most metropolitan cities in Indonesia, some of the urban areas also decline into slum areas, especially in riverside areas. It is useful to get their opinions and acceptance regarding settlements planning to succeed the implementation of planning. Data were collected using conjoint analysis, and residents were segmented using cluster analysis. The correspondence analysis is used to identify notable differences in character demography of each cluster. We found that residents could be segmented into four clusters. Each cluster has a different consideration of preference settlement with the distinguish demographic characteristics about attachment to the settlement, dependence on the river, and economic competence. It provides information for city planners and policymakers in planning more sustainable settlement development that is in keeping with each unique demographic characteristic. Hopefully, it can make development more effective and more responsive to the ecological needs of the settlement's residents. Keywords: Resident Segmentation, Settlement preference, Conjoint Analysis, Riverbank settlement

LAMPU LED SEBAGAI PILIHAN YANG LEBIH EFISIEN UNTUK LAMPU UTAMA SEPEDA MOTOR

Pada awalnya, LED hanya untuk peralatan elektronik. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu LED menjadi pilihan utama lampu otomotif masa depan karena bentuknya yang kecil, konsumsi dayanya yang rendah dan radiasi panas yang rendah. Terkait regulasi pemerintah yang mewajibkan penggunaan lampu siang hari untuk kendaraan roda dua, maka teknologi pencahayaan lampu LED sangat tepat mengingat beban lampu yang tinggi perlu konsumsi daya yang rendah. Terbukti sekarang pabrikan maupun suku cadang non-pabrikan mulai menggeliat dalam memproduksi lampu LED untuk otomotif karena prospek yang tinggi.Teknologi ini telah diterapkan pada kendaraan bermotor maupun mobil keluaran terbaru. Regulasi yang memungkinkan pada siang hari menggunakan lampu (DRL/Daily Running Light) sebagai syarat keamanan diawali dari Eropa dan Amerika untuk kendaraan roda empat dan sekarang di Indonesia wajib menyalakan lampu pada siang hari untuk kendaraan roda dua. Kondisi seperti ini sangat prospektif bagi pelaku industri otomotif untuk menggunakan teknologi terbaru lampu LED dan meninggalkan penggunaan lampu Halogen maupun HID (High Intensity Discharge) yang kurang efisien karena konsumsi daya dan radiasi panas yang tinggi serta masa atau ketahanan lampu yang rendah dan tidak ramah lingkungan.Metode yang digunakan dalam jurnal ilmiah ini adalah pengujian intensitas cahaya dengan menggunakan contoh pembanding antara motor pabrikan yang menggunakan lampu LED dan non LED, serta survei dan pengambilan data  ke bengkel sepeda motor.Keuntungan dari pemakaian LED sebagai lampu utama adalah konsumsi daya yang rendah tetapi intensitas yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan halogen yang mengeluarkan daya yang tinggi tetapi kuat intensitas cahaya rendah, jika dibandingkan HID meski intensitas cahaya hampir sama tetapi panas lampu yang ditimbulkan cukup tinggi. LED juga memperpanjang usia pakai komponen elektrik aki (accumulator), alternator, serta konsumsi bahan bakar yang lebih irit. Harga pasaran lampu LED untuk komponen pengganti lampu halogen masih tinggi, tetapi sebanding dengan kualitas pencahayaan dan pengaruh positif terhadap komponen lainnya

Fostering coastal resilience to climate change vulnerability in Bangladesh, Brazil, Cameroon and Uruguay: a cross-country comparison

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. This paper describes a comparative study of four different cases on vulnerability, hazards and adaptive capacity to climate threats in coastal areas and communities in four developing countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cameroon and Uruguay. Coastal areas are vulnerable to sea-level rise (SLR), storm surges and flooding due to their (i) exposure, (ii) concentration of settlements, many of which occupied by less advantaged groups and (iii) the concentration of assets and services seen in these areas. The objective of the paper is twofold: (i) to evaluate current evidence of coastal vulnerability and adaptive capacity and (ii) to compare adaptation strategies being implemented in a sample of developing countries, focusing on successful ones. The followed approach for the case evaluation is based on (i) documenting observed threats and damages, (ii) using indicators of physical and socioeconomic vulnerability and adaptive capacity status and (iii) selecting examples of successful responses. Major conclusions based on cross-case comparison are (a) the studied countries show different vulnerability, adaptive capacity and implementation of responses, (b) innovative community-based (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) and (c) early warning systems are key approaches and tools to foster climate resilience. A recommendation to foster the resilience of coastal communities and services is that efforts in innovative adaptation strategies to sea-level rise should be intensified and integrated with climate risk management within the national adaption plans (NAPAs) in order to reduce the impacts of hazards

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

Karakteristik Fisika Kimia Karaginan Rumput Laut Jenis Kappaphycus alvarezii Pada Umur Panen Yang Berbeda di Perairan Desa Tihengo Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara

Rumput laut merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Salah satu jenis rumput laut yang dibudidayakan di Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara adalah Kappaphycus alvarezii. K. Alvarezii memiliki nilai ekonomis penting karena menghasilkan karaginan. Karaginan banyak digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan industri farmasi, bahan tambahan kosmetik, pengatur keseimbangan, bahan pengental, pembentuk gel dan pengemulsi. Mutu karaginan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain jenis rumput laut, tingkat pertumbuhan dan umur panen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik kimia rumput laut K. alvarezii, membandingkan kandungan karaginan rumput laut K. alvarezii dari berbagai umur panen, menentukan umur panen rumput laut yang tepat dalam hubungannya dengan karakteristik karaginan yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik adalah perlakuan umur panen 30 hari ke atas, dengan parameter kandungan rendemen tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke 40 (30,63%), kadar air terendah diperoleh pada hari ke 30 (17,72%), kadar abu terendah diperoleh pada hari ke 40 (14,62%), nilai viskositas tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke 30 (85 cP) dan kekuatan gel tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke 50 (80,31 g/cm2). Berdasarkan hasil parameter tersebut, maka rumput laut K. alvarezii yang ada di perairan Desa Tihengo dapat dipanen sejak umur 30 hari

A topology of residents’ based on preferences for sustainable riparian settlement in Palembang, Indonesia

The riparian function as an ecosystem service is very important. However, town planning with the sustainable of ecological riparian approach is often in conflict with public interest. Planner needs to harmonize planning with community preference. Several studies show that conjoint analysis is capable of capturing public opinion as part of town planning. In this paper, in addition to residential preference research, a topology of resident profiles was also identified. This study demonstrates that sample size can break the overall average results into particular group characteristics. The analyses are composed through two-step approach. First, cluster analysis to categorize residents as their preference settlements and conjoint analysis to know the ideal settlement to each group. There are 150 respondents in a slum settlements of Musi River in Palembang, Indonesia. The cluster analysis identifies four respondent groups and all of them prefer house building as the very important attributes rather than residential environment attributes

A topology of residents’ based on preferences for sustainable riparian settlement in Palembang, Indonesia

The riparian function as an ecosystem service is very important. However, town planning with the sustainable of ecological riparian approach is often in conflict with public interest. Planner needs to harmonize planning with community preference. Several studies show that conjoint analysis is capable of capturing public opinion as part of town planning. In this paper, in addition to residential preference research, a topology of resident profiles was also identified. This study demonstrates that sample size can break the overall average results into particular group characteristics. The analyses are composed through two-step approach. First, cluster analysis to categorize residents as their preference settlements and conjoint analysis to know the ideal settlement to each group. There are 150 respondents in a slum settlements of Musi River in Palembang, Indonesia. The cluster analysis identifies four respondent groups and all of them prefer house building as the very important attributes rather than residential environment attributes