Co-existence of hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms of a X100 seamless pipeline revealed by fracture mechanics tests at 100bar H2 under different loading cycles

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Circulation of Highly Drug-Resistant Clostridium difficile Ribotypes 027 and 001 in Two Tertiary-Care Hospitals in Mexico

© 2018, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.OBJECTIVE: To assess drug susceptibility and characterize Clostridium difficile ribotypes in isolates from two tertiary-care hospitals in Mexico. METHODS: Isolates were evaluated for genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and detection of mutations associated with drug resistance. PCR ribotyping was performed using a combination of gel-based and capillary electrophoresis-based approaches. RESULTS: MIC50 and MIC90 were ≥128 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and rifampicin. There was no reduced susceptibility to metronidazole or tetracycline; however, reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (≥4 mg/L) and fidaxomicin (≥2 mg/L) was detected in 50 (40.3%) and 4 (3.2%) isolates, respectively. Furthermore, the rpoB Arg505Lys mutation was more frequently detected in isolates with high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to rifampicin (≥32 mg/L) (OR = 52.5; 95% CI = 5.17-532.6; p < 0.000). Of the 124 C. difficile isolates recovered, 84 (66.7%) were of ribotype 027, 18 (14.5%) of ribotype 001, and the remainder were other ribotypes (353, 255, 220, 208, 176, 106, 076, 020, 019, 017, 014, 012, 003, and 002). CONCLUSION: Ribotypes 027 and 001 were the most frequent C. difficile isolates recovered in this study, and demonstrated higher MICs. Furthermore, we found four isolates with reduced susceptibility to fidaxomicin, raising a concern since this drug is currently unavailable in Mexican Hospitals.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Monitoring the influence of marine aquaculture on wild fish communities: benefits and limitations of fatty acid profiles

Fatty acids (FA) have been applied as indicators of the influence of coastal sea-cage fish farming on wild fish communities in several recent scientific publications. Due to the relatively high conservation of FA composition throughout the food web, they are useful for characterizing trophic relationships. The increasing utilization of vegetable or alternative animal oils in the production of aquafeeds results in cultivated fish exhibiting higher levels of terrestrial FAs in their tissues. As previously reported, wild fish ubiquitously aggregate around fish farms as a consequence of the introduction of new habitat and the easy availability of food—fish farms act as enhanced fish aggregation devices (FADs). The influence of food pellets on the composition of wild fish has been detected in recent studies on salmon, sea bass and sea bream aquaculture, with increased levels of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and a low n-3/n-6 ratio as clear indicators of the consumption of food pellets from the farms. The potential ecological and physiological effects on wild fish are presently unknown. In the present article, guidelines are proposed for the investigation and use of terrestrial FAs to track the effects of coastal aquaculture on wild fish communities and local fisheries, as well as the benefits or limitations of this technique

Interactive Role of Surrogate Liver Fibrosis Assessment and Insulin Resistance on the Incidence of Major Cardiovascular Events

Introduction: The combination of easy-to-obtain validated biomarkers is interesting in the prognostic evaluation of patients at cardiovascular risk in a precision medicine scenario. The evaluation of the effect modification of insulin resistance and liver fibrosis with the Triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG) and Fibrosis-4 index (FIB4) might provide prognostic information in patients at cardiovascular risk. Patients and methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed with 2055 patients recruited in the Vascular Metabolic CUN cohort. The studied outcome was the incidence rate of major cardiovascular events (MACE). The Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), FIB4 and TyG indexes were calculated according to validated formulas. Results: FIB4 and TyG showed a synergistic interaction using validated cut-offs for both indexes in the prediction of MACE (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.05 CI95% 1.01–1.08) which remained after adjustment by age, sex, SCORE subgroup, presence of diabetes, or previous MACE using standardized cut-off (HR 2.29 CI95% 1.33–3.94). Finally, a subgroup with significant TyG and FIB4 showed a higher cardiovascular risk in the study population (adjusted HR 3.34 CI 95% 1.94–5.77). Conclusion: The combined interpretation of TyG and FIB4 indexes might have a potential predictive value of major cardiovascular events

Virtual Seminar: an innovative educational experience

INTRODUCTION: it is of special importance that teachers can easily transmit knowledge, using didactical tools such as Cmaptools, Slideshare, YouTube, among others. Because of that, teaching methods nowadays are going through a revolution that implies technological development and the arrival of new generations. OBJECTIVE: describe the experience of developing a virtual education strategy in our institution to improve the teaching and learning process and facilitate interaction with students. METHODOLOGY: the students must do a bibliography search in databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Embase) choosing one recent (published within the previous 3 months) original article in English. The article must involve the use of molecular techniques that include some sort of electrophoresis, then, get a tutoring session with the main teacher of the course, after that, the student must design a PowerPoint slideshow of a maximum of 15 slides. Finally, must record a 10-minute-long video of the presentation, the video must be uploaded to the YouTube website. RESULTS: a greater comprehension of the seminar presentation dynamic was observed in comparison to the previous methodology, which did not include the virtual component. CONCLUSIONS: the implementation of new innovative methodologies in education allows students to develop a broader learning process, besides improving their scientific understanding; they improve their knowledge on technological tools implemented in education.

Male infant patient with a mesenteric cyst in the greater and lesser omenta: A case report

Background Mesenteric cysts are intra-abdominal masses of congenital origin, which most frequently occur in children, with an incidence of approximately 1 case per 20,000 pediatric admissions. Its progression can be asymptomatic, and its diagnosis can be incidental. However, it usually occurs with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, sensation of a mass, and/or diarrhea. The diagnostic imaging method of choice is abdominal ultrasound. Case presentation Below, we present the case of a previously healthy 1-year-old male patient with nonspecific symptoms, who was referred to a tertiary hospital. The presence of a mesenteric cyst was detected at the end of the diagnostic approach. Conclusion It is important to know these pathologies even though they are infrequent, because although they are benign masses by definition, they can lead to complications such as intestinal torsion, intestinal obstruction, and even peritonitis