Magnetic field computation in a physically large domain with thin metallic shields

A three-dimensional edge element procedure is presented to analyze the magnetic field around thin shields embedded in a physically large domain. The shield region is eliminated from the computational domain and coupled boundary conditions named impedance network boundary conditions are imposed on the new boundary surfaces to take into account the field discontinuity produced by the eliminated shield. An experimental setup is built and the measured magnetic fields are compared to the results obtained by the proposed procedure

Analysis of the activity of collection of organic waste in the city of lyon france

La necesidad de satisfacer la normatividad vigente del código del trabajo francés, condujo a la compañía de servicios públicos de la ciudad de Lyon a desarrollar un trabajo de investigación en asocio con la universidad Lumière, que tuvo por objeto determinar el grado de exposición general a los riesgos biológicos de todos los puestos de trabajo de la dirección. La dirección encargada de la limpieza de la ciudad había, en una primera instancia, podido constatar la necesidad de efectuar una evaluación de las prácticas y sentimientos reales de los operadores encargados de la recolección y el tratamiento de desechos, antes de tomar las medidas correctivas necesarias. Con base en un estudio global de la organización del taller y mediante observaciones abiertas de los puestos de trabajo, se pudo constatar que la exposición a los riesgos biológicos se presentaba principalmente cuando se realizaban trabajos no previstos sobre los vehículos que se encontraban sucios y en ciertas ocasiones con plena carga de desechos en su interior igualmente, se pudo establecer que las tareas de reparación de trabajos no previstos, se realizaban en un espacio de trabajo inadecuado técnicamente. Sobre esta base, se realizó el análisis de la actividad que permitió encontrar las soluciones ergonómicas necesarias para cada uno de los puestos de trabajo.In order to satisfy the legal requirements of French laws, the Company of Publics Services of Lyon, led a research work in partnership with Lyon Lumière University in which the primary goal was the determination of the general level of exposure of every single workstation in the company to biological hazard. The research work began with a detailed analysis of all departments involved in waste collection and treatment processes, which allowed the research team to identify the Department of Trucks Repair and Maintenance as the most exposed to biological hazard. Using the organization chart of this department and based on open observation of workstations, it was possible to verify that mainly technicians performing non scheduled mechanical and electrical duties on unclean trucks and even in presence of waste inside the cargo compartment were the most exposed to biological hazard. At the same time it was established that repair duties on this conditions were performed in a non technical area. On this basis, an activity analysis was developed in order to allow a team formed by company workers and researchers to find ergonomic solutions for every single workstation in the department

Aplicación de la ergonomía en el desarrollo de un periférico de entrada y control de datos para discapacitados

The Society should offer all possible means to help disability people to integrate into the social security system as a productive people. If the Society fails to integrate disability people into the social system.  Social problems may occur as a result. In Colombia, 6.3% of the population has some form of permanent disability, a condition which requires attention and the generation of research and development of aids or equipment to enable social inclusion and employment of  these people. The  result of  this  research project  is  summarized  in  the design of a computer peripheral for amputees  to half of  the upper  limb, which facilitates  the  task of handling and control of computer machines. The system was designed  to  implement ergonomics on  the process, generating a product with quality ergonomics. This method of  investigation was used  in  the early  stages of  the process, where ergonomic  testing methods for the development of detailed design and usability tests were applied for determining the relevance of the result with respect to the initial target. The device will enable disability people to use their affected limb to handle and use of computers machine, promoting social inclusion in the work environment.  La sociedad debe ofrecer todos los medios posibles para corregir o suplir la defciencia de una persona. Si esto no se hace, él y  la sociedad se enfrenta con el problema de  la discapacidad.   En Colombia, el 6.3% de  la población posee algún  tipo de discapacidad permanente, condición que obliga a  la generación de estudios y desarrollos de ayudas o implementos que permitan la inclusión social y laboral de estas personas. El resultado fnal al cual llegó  este proyecto de investigación, se resume en el diseño de un periférico para computador dirigido a amputados de la extremidad superior media, el que  facilita  la  tarea del manejo y control. El sistema  fue diseñado aplicando  la ergonomía en cada una de las etapas del proceso, buscando generar un producto con calidad ergonómica. Para ello se utilizaron métodos de indagación en las etapas tempranas del proceso, métodos de experimentación ergonómica para el desarrollo del diseño detallado y dos pruebas de usabilidad que permitieron determinar la pertinencia del resultado con relación al objetivo inicial. El dispositivo permitirá al discapacitado, utilizar su extremidad afectada para el manejo de computadores, favoreciendo su inclusión social en el medio laboral

Aplicación de la ergonomía en el desarrollo de un periférico de entrada y control de datos para discapacitados

The Society should offer all possible means to help disability people to integrate into the social security system as a productive people. If the Society fails to integrate disability people into the social system.  Social problems may occur as a result. In Colombia, 6.3% of the population has some form of permanent disability, a condition which requires attention and the generation of research and development of aids or equipment to enable social inclusion and employment of  these people. The  result of  this  research project  is  summarized  in  the design of a computer peripheral for amputees  to half of  the upper  limb, which facilitates  the  task of handling and control of computer machines. The system was designed  to  implement ergonomics on  the process, generating a product with quality ergonomics. This method of  investigation was used  in  the early  stages of  the process, where ergonomic  testing methods for the development of detailed design and usability tests were applied for determining the relevance of the result with respect to the initial target. The device will enable disability people to use their affected limb to handle and use of computers machine, promoting social inclusion in the work environment.  La sociedad debe ofrecer todos los medios posibles para corregir o suplir la defciencia de una persona. Si esto no se hace, él y  la sociedad se enfrenta con el problema de  la discapacidad.   En Colombia, el 6.3% de  la población posee algún  tipo de discapacidad permanente, condición que obliga a  la generación de estudios y desarrollos de ayudas o implementos que permitan la inclusión social y laboral de estas personas. El resultado fnal al cual llegó  este proyecto de investigación, se resume en el diseño de un periférico para computador dirigido a amputados de la extremidad superior media, el que  facilita  la  tarea del manejo y control. El sistema  fue diseñado aplicando  la ergonomía en cada una de las etapas del proceso, buscando generar un producto con calidad ergonómica. Para ello se utilizaron métodos de indagación en las etapas tempranas del proceso, métodos de experimentación ergonómica para el desarrollo del diseño detallado y dos pruebas de usabilidad que permitieron determinar la pertinencia del resultado con relación al objetivo inicial. El dispositivo permitirá al discapacitado, utilizar su extremidad afectada para el manejo de computadores, favoreciendo su inclusión social en el medio laboral

Histological Study of Fresh Versus Frozen Semitendinous Muscle Tendon Allografts

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to histologically analyze allografts from cadaveric semitendinous muscle after cryopreservation at -80°C in comparison to a control group kept at only -4°C to test the hypothesis that the histological characteristics of the tissue are maintained when the tendons are kept at lower temperatures. METHODS: In a tissue bank, 10 semitendinous tendons from 10 cadavers were frozen at -80ºC as a storage method for tissue preservation. They were kept frozen for 40 days, and then a histological study was carried out. Another 10 tendon samples were analyzed while still "fresh". RESULTS: There was no histological difference between the fresh and frozen samples in relation to seven variables. CONCLUSIONS: Semitendinous muscle tendon allografts can be submitted to cryopreservation at -80ºC without suffering histological modifications

Importance of foot and mouth disease vaccine purity in interpreting serological surveys

The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of purity achieved in conventional vaccines against the foot and mouth disease virus in Argentina interferes with the interpretation of seroepidemiological surveys for confirming the absence of viral activity, which are performed to support the recognition of free zones practising vaccination. The evaluation of 168 vaccine series due to be marketed in Argentina (2006–2012) and subjected to official control testing in cattle, as well as repeated vaccination of cattle and other species using vaccines with high antigen concentrations, demonstrated that they did not induce antibodies to non-structural proteins (NSPs). The results show clearly that vaccines with satisfactory potency do not induce a response to NSPs, even by forcing the immune response through more concentrated doses with multiple valences and revaccination protocols at shorter intervals than in vaccination campaigns. These results confirm that the vaccines used in routine vaccination programmes have a degree of antigen purification consistent with the needs observed on the basis of sampling for serological surveillance. Moreover, serological surveys conducted in 2006–2011 by Argentina’s official Veterinary Services – the National Health and Agrifood Quality Service (SENASA) – on more than 23,000 sera per year from cattle included in the vaccination programme, in order to confirm the absence of virus circulation, revealed an average 0.05% of reactive results, consistent with the specificity of the tests. In conclusion, the vaccines produced by conventional methods and with proven potency that are available in Argentina are sufficiently purified to ensure that they do not interfere with the interpretation of sampling for serological surveillance performed to support the recognition of FMD-free zones practising vaccination.Fil: Smitsaart, E.. Biogénesis Bagó; ArgentinaFil: Espinosa, A. M.. Biogénesis Bagó; ArgentinaFil: Maradei, E. D.. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Cosentino, B.. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Guinzburg, M.. Biogénesis Bagó; ArgentinaFil: Maddoni, G.. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Cadennazzi, G.. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, R.. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Filippi, J.. Biogénesis Bagó; ArgentinaFil: Bergmann, Ingrid Evelyn. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología "Dr. César Milstein". Fundación Pablo Cassará. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología ; Argentin

Acute Delta Hepatitis in Italy spanning three decades (1991–2019): Evidence for the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination campaign

Updated incidence data of acute Delta virus hepatitis (HDV) are lacking worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate incidence of and risk factors for acute HDV in Italy after the introduction of the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1991. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance System of acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA). Independent predictors of HDV were assessed by logistic-regression analysis. The incidence of acute HDV per 1-million population declined from 3.2 cases in 1987 to 0.04 in 2019, parallel to that of acute HBV per 100,000 from 10.0 to 0.39 cases during the same period. The median age of cases increased from 27 years in the decade 1991-1999 to 44 years in the decade 2010-2019 (p < .001). Over the same period, the male/female ratio decreased from 3.8 to 2.1, the proportion of coinfections increased from 55% to 75% (p = .003) and that of HBsAg positive acute hepatitis tested for by IgM anti-HDV linearly decreased from 50.1% to 34.1% (p < .001). People born abroad accounted for 24.6% of cases in 2004-2010 and 32.1% in 2011-2019. In the period 2010-2019, risky sexual behaviour (O.R. 4.2; 95%CI: 1.4-12.8) was the sole independent predictor of acute HDV; conversely intravenous drug use was no longer associated (O.R. 1.25; 95%CI: 0.15-10.22) with this. In conclusion, HBV vaccination was an effective measure to control acute HDV. Intravenous drug use is no longer an efficient mode of HDV spread. Testing for IgM-anti HDV is a grey area requiring alert. Acute HDV in foreigners should be monitored in the years to come

Autothermal reforming of palm empty fruit bunch bio-oil: thermodynamic modelling

This work focuses on thermodynamic analysis of the autothermal reforming of palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB) bio-oil for the production of hydrogen and syngas. PEFB bio-oil composition was simulated using bio-oil surrogates generated from a mixture of acetic acid, phenol, levoglucosan, palmitic acid and furfural. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the hydrogen and syngas yields were not sensitive to actual bio-oil composition, but were determined by a good match of molar elemental composition between real bio-oil and surrogate mixture. The maximum hydrogen yield obtained under constant reaction enthalpy and pressure was about 12 wt% at S/C = 1 and increased to about 18 wt% at S/C = 4; both yields occurring at equivalence ratio Φ of 0.31. The possibility of generating syngas with varying H2 and CO content using autothermal reforming was analysed and application of this process to fuel cells and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is discussed. Using a novel simple modelling methodology, reaction mechanisms were proposed which were able to account for equilibrium product distribution. It was evident that different combinations of reactions could be used to obtain the same equilibrium product concentrations. One proposed reaction mechanism, referred to as the ‘partial oxidation based mechanism’ involved the partial oxidation reaction of the bio-oil to produce hydrogen, with the extent of steam reforming and water gas shift reactions varying depending on the amount of oxygen used. Another proposed mechanism, referred to as the ‘complete oxidation based mechanism’ was represented by thermal decomposition of about 30% of bio-oil and hydrogen production obtained by decomposition, steam reforming, water gas shift and carbon gasification reactions. The importance of these mechanisms in assisting in the eventual choice of catalyst to be used in a real ATR of PEFB bio-oil process was discussed

Revised diagnosis and severity criteria for sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease in adult patients : a new classification from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation

Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, also known as veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD), is a potentially life threatening complication that can develop after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Although SOS/VOD progressively resolves within a few weeks in most patients, the most severe forms result in multi-organ dysfunction and are associated with a high mortality rate (480%). Therefore, careful attention must be paid to allow an early detection of SOS/VOD, particularly as drugs have now proven to be effective and licensed for its treatment. Unfortunately, current criteria lack sensitivity and specificity, making early identification and severity assessment of SOS/VOD difficult. The aim of this work is to propose a new definition for diagnosis, and a severity-grading system for SOS/VOD in adult patients, on behalf of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.Peer reviewe

Analysis of the activity of collection of organic waste in the city of lyon france

La necesidad de satisfacer la normatividad vigente del código del trabajo francés, condujo a la compañía de servicios públicos de la ciudad de Lyon a desarrollar un trabajo de investigación en asocio con la universidad Lumière, que tuvo por objeto determinar el grado de exposición general a los riesgos biológicos de todos los puestos de trabajo de la dirección. La dirección encargada de la limpieza de la ciudad había, en una primera instancia, podido constatar la necesidad de efectuar una evaluación de las prácticas y sentimientos reales de los operadores encargados de la recolección y el tratamiento de desechos, antes de tomar las medidas correctivas necesarias. Con base en un estudio global de la organización del taller y mediante observaciones abiertas de los puestos de trabajo, se pudo constatar que la exposición a los riesgos biológicos se presentaba principalmente cuando se realizaban trabajos no previstos sobre los vehículos que se encontraban sucios y en ciertas ocasiones con plena carga de desechos en su interior igualmente, se pudo establecer que las tareas de reparación de trabajos no previstos, se realizaban en un espacio de trabajo inadecuado técnicamente. Sobre esta base, se realizó el análisis de la actividad que permitió encontrar las soluciones ergonómicas necesarias para cada uno de los puestos de trabajo.In order to satisfy the legal requirements of French laws, the Company of Publics Services of Lyon, led a research work in partnership with Lyon Lumière University in which the primary goal was the determination of the general level of exposure of every single workstation in the company to biological hazard. The research work began with a detailed analysis of all departments involved in waste collection and treatment processes, which allowed the research team to identify the Department of Trucks Repair and Maintenance as the most exposed to biological hazard. Using the organization chart of this department and based on open observation of workstations, it was possible to verify that mainly technicians performing non scheduled mechanical and electrical duties on unclean trucks and even in presence of waste inside the cargo compartment were the most exposed to biological hazard. At the same time it was established that repair duties on this conditions were performed in a non technical area. On this basis, an activity analysis was developed in order to allow a team formed by company workers and researchers to find ergonomic solutions for every single workstation in the department