L-lactate reduces ischemic white matter injury and modulates HCA1 oligodendrocyte expression in an in vivo mouse model of focal ischemia

L-lactate is a metabolite that is oxidized preferentially to glucose under conditions of high metabolic stress. The discovery and localization of the lactate receptor HCA1 in various brain regions suggests that lactate is additionally an important signaling molecule in the brain. Lactate is neuroprotective in various ischemia paradigms, reduces axonal injury in vitro and is avidly utilized by oligodendrocytes (OLs). The protective potential of L-lactate to reduce white matter (WM) injury in a mouse stroke model was investigated.N/

Decay photons from the axionlike particles burst of type II supernovae

We determine limits from SN 1987A on massive axionlike particles with masses in the 10 keV-100 MeV range and purely coupled to two photons. Axionlike particles produced in the core collapse escape from the star and decay into photons that can be observed as a delayed and diffuse burst. We discuss the time and angular distribution of such a signal. Looking into the future, we also estimate the possible improvements caused by better gamma-ray detectors or the explosion of the red supergiant Betelgeuse in a supernova event

Argulus amazonicus n.sp., a crustacean parasite of fishes from the Brazilian Amazon (Branchiura: Argulidae)

The female of Argulus amazonicus n.sp. (Branchiura: Argulidae) is described from the branchial cavities of two Amazonian fish, Cichla ocellaris (SCHNEIDER) and Cichla temensis (HUMBOLDT)

Latent growth curve modeling of psychological well-being trajectories

This Paper Proposes Modeling Trajectories of Psychological Well-being Using Latent Growth Curve models (LGCMs). The psychometric scale of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) is considered. Data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), from years 2003 to 2006 are used. In 1991 Graetz proposed the GHQ-12 as a multidimensional scale, containing three distinct dimensions: anxiety and depression, social dysfunction and loss of confidence. Using such scale, this paper compares a second-order LGCM for the trajectories of a latent factor (measured by these three dimensions) with a LGCM for the trajectories of an overall sum score. Conditional LGCMs are then fitted; sex, age group and perceived health status are considered as the explanatory variables of the growth trajectories. Results show that the model which considers the three dimensions of subjective well-being has a larger explaining capability than the one utilizing the subjective well-being score

Ergasilus holobryconis sp.n., a crustacean parasite of Holobrycon pesu (MÜLLER & TROSCHELL), a fish from the Brazilian Amazon (Copepoda: Poecilostom-atoida: Ergasilidae)

The female of Ergasilus holobryconis n. sp. (Copepoda: Poecilostomatoida: Ergasilidae) is described from the branchial cavities of an Amazon fish, Holobrycon pesu (MÜLLER & TROSCHELL) collected in the Ji-Paraná (Machado) river, tributary of Madeira river, near Ji-Paraná, Rondônia, Brazil. The new specie is distinguished from the others by the shape of the pectinate seta on the third segment of the fìrst exopod, the format and disposition of bristles in the mouthparts and by having a smaller size

Suspicion of Motives Predicts Minorities' Responses to Positive Feedback in Interracial Interactions.

Strong social and legal norms in the United States discourage the overt expression of bias against ethnic and racial minorities, increasing the attributional ambiguity of Whites' positive behavior to ethnic minorities. Minorities who suspect that Whites' positive overtures toward minorities are motivated more by their fear of appearing racist than by egalitarian attitudes may regard positive feedback they receive from Whites as disingenuous. This may lead them to react to such feedback with feelings of uncertainty and threat. Three studies examined how suspicion of motives relates to ethnic minorities' responses to receiving positive feedback from a White peer or same-ethnicity peer (Experiment 1), to receiving feedback from a White peer that was positive or negative (Experiment 2), and to receiving positive feedback from a White peer who did or did not know their ethnicity (Experiment 3). As predicted, the more suspicious Latinas were of Whites' motives for behaving positively toward minorities in general, the more they regarded positive feedback from a White peer who knew their ethnicity as disingenuous and the more they reacted with cardiovascular reactivity characteristic of threat/avoidance, increased feelings of stress, heightened uncertainty, and decreased self-esteem. We discuss the implications for intergroup interactions of perceptions of Whites' motives for nonprejudiced behavior