First collection of landrace vegetable crops cultivated in Valle Fértil, Argentina

The richness of the cultural values found in the Argentinean Andean communities is integrated by a varied diversity of genetic resources, the development of a sustainable agriculture, and the conservation of the producer’s own seeds. Local agriculture is a family economic activity, in which traditional varieties of vegetable landraces are highly appreciated for their flavour, colour and aromas. However; social, economic and environmental factors have an effect on crop diversity conservation. The main aim of this work was to retrieve and maintain a representative collection of traditional crop genetic resources still cultivated in the District of Valle Fértil, San Juan Province, Argentina, and to document the farmers’ crop experiences and uses. Fifty families were interviewed; 26 of these donated a total of 49 samples belonging to eight species. The landraces collected showed a geometric distribution, typical of communities with low number of species; and a pattern of dominance. A few species are present in almost all farms while rare species are found in specific environments. Local germplasm recovery can prevent genetic erosion, so that both the formal breeding sector and the farmers can make use of the diversity of this collection.La riqueza cultural de las comunidades andinas de la Argentina está integrada por la diversidad de sus recursos genéticos, el desarrollo de un sistema agrícola sostenible y por el mantenimiento de sus semillas. La agricultura local es una actividad económica familiar, donde las variedades tradicionales de hortalizas son muy apreciadas por su sabor, color y aroma. Sin embargo, distintos factores sociales, económicos y ambientales afectan la diversidad de tales cultivos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron recuperar y conservar una muestra representativa de los recursos genéticos vegetales tradicionales aún presentes en el departamento de Valle Fértil, provincia de San Juan, Argentina, y documentar las experiencias y usos de ellos por parte de los productores. Se entrevistaron 50 familias de las cuales 26 donaron un total de 49 muestras pertenecientes a ocho especies. Las variedades criollas recolectadas mostraron una distribución geométrica típica en comunidades con pocasespecies, y un patrón de dominancia donde algunas especies están presentes en casi todas las huertas mientras que especies poco representadas se encuentran en ambientes específicos. La recuperación del germoplasma local puede prevenir la erosión genética, de modo que tanto los mejoradores como los productores puedan aprovechar la diversidad de esta colección

Transitory Microbial Habitat in the Hyperarid Atacama Desert

Traces of life are nearly ubiquitous on Earth. However, a central unresolved question is whether these traces always indicate an active microbial community or whether, in extreme environments, such as hyperarid deserts, they instead reflect just dormant or dead cells. Although microbial biomass and diversity decrease with increasing aridity in the Atacama Desert, we provide multiple lines of evidence for the presence of an at times metabolically active, microbial community in one of the driest places on Earth. We base this observation on four major lines of evidence: a physico-chemical characterization of the soil habitability after an exceptional rain event, identified biomolecules indicative of potentially active cells [e.g., presence of ATP, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), metabolites, and enzymatic activity], measurements of in situ replication rates of genomes of uncultivated bacteria reconstructed from selected samples, and microbial community patterns specific to soil parameters and depths. We infer that the microbial populations have undergone selection and adaptation in response to their specific soil microenvironment and in particular to the degree of aridity. Collectively, our results highlight that even the hyperarid Atacama Desert can provide a habitable environment for microorganisms that allows them to become metabolically active following an episodic increase in moisture and that once it decreases, so does the activity of the microbiota. These results have implications for the prospect of life on other planets such as Mars, which has transitioned from an earlier wetter environment to today's extreme hyperaridity. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.

Perceptions And Actions Of Healthcare Professionals Regarding The Mother-child Relationship With Premature Babies In An Intermediate Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study

Background: The mother-child interaction after delivery may be hampered when the newborn baby is hospitalized. The objective of the study was to understand perceptions and actions of healthcare professionals (HCPs), working in an intermediate neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), regarding mother-child relationship of hospitalized premature babies in the first weeks after delivery and the professionals' support for the development of this relationship within an NICU environment. The psychoanalytic concept of holding defined by Winnicott was used as the theoretical framework.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 20 HCPs (physicians, medical residents, nurses, and nurse technicians) working at an intermediate NICU of a referral hospital in Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, recorded and transcribed verbatim; and thematic analysis was performed.Results: The HCPs referred to the difficulty that these mothers had to develop the mother-child relationship within this environment. If they observed that the mother had initial inhibitions to interact with her baby, they tried to facilitate this process, since they were aware of the importance of early bonding for the child's well-being. They attributed the mothers' difficulty to the fragile appearance of the premature baby, the limited contact often imposed by the routine of the unit and the lack of participation in the decisions regarding the care given to her baby. HCPs tried to help women bond with her child by giving support and encouragement. Most of the physicians reported that the nurses represented a link between physicians and the mothers of the hospitalized babies.Conclusion: The HCPs reported attitudes and actions indicative of holding. A more in-depth understanding of the relationship between HCPs and mothers of premature babies at an NICU during the first days after delivery, and the needs of the mothers and her baby to be close to facilitate bonding should be part of the routine discussions of the NICU health team.141Hoffenkamp, H.N., Tooten, A., Hall, R.A., Croon, M.A., Braeken, J., Winkel, F.W., Vingerhoets, A.J., van Bakel, H.J., The impact of premature childbirth on parental bonding (2012) Evol Psychol, 10, pp. 542-561Flacking, R., Ewald, U., Wallin, L., Positive effect of kangaroo mother care on long-term breastfeeding in very preterm infants (2011) J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 40, pp. 190-197. , 21410756Nicolaou, M., Rosewell, R., Marlow, N., Nicolaou, C.G., Mothers' experiences of interacting with their premature infants (2009) J Reprod Infant Psychol, 27, pp. 182-194Lasiuk, G.C., Comeau, T., Newburn-Cook, C., Unexpected: an interpretive description of parental traumas' associated with preterm birth (2013) BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 13, p. S13. , 3561145, 23445715Montirosso, R., Provenzi, L., Calciolari, G., Borgatti, R., Measuring maternal stress and perceived support in 25 Italian NICUs (2012) Acta Paediatr, 101, pp. 136-142. , 21827551, NEO-ACQUA Study GroupKantrowitz-Gordon, I., Expanded care for women and families after preterm birth (2013) J Midwifery Womens Health, 58, pp. 158-166. , 23590487Trombini, E., Surcinelli, P., Piccioni, A., Alessandroni, R., Faldella, G., Environmental factors associated with stress in mothers of preterm newborns (2008) Acta Paediatr, 97, pp. 894-898. , 18474070Lupton, D., Fenwick, J., 'They've forgotten that I'm the mum': constructing and practising motherhood in special care nurseries (2001) Soc Sci Med, 53, pp. 1011-1021. , 11556771Merighi, M.A.B., Jesus, M.C.P., Santin, K.R., Oliveira, D.M., Caring for newborns in the presence of their parents: the experience of nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (2011) Rev Latino Am Enfermagem, 19, pp. 1398-1404Ichijima, E., Kirk, R., Hornblow, A., Parental support in neonatal intensive care units: a cross-cultural comparison between New Zealand and Japan (2011) J Pediatr Nurs, 26, pp. 206-215. , 21601144Reis, M.D., Rempel, G.R., Scott, S.D., Brady-Fryer, B.A., Van Aerde, J., Developing nurse/parent relationships in the NICU through negotiated partnership (2010) J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 39, pp. 675-683. , 21039850Wigert, H., Berg, M., Hellström, A.L., Parental presence when their child is in neonatal intensive care (2010) Scand J Caring Sci, 24, pp. 139-146. , 19508328Fegran, L., Helseth, S., The parent-nurse relationship in the neonatal intensive care unit context - closeness and emotional involvement (2009) Scand J Caring Sci, 23, pp. 667-673. , 19000088Conz, C.A., Merighi, M.A.B., Jesus, M.C.P., [Promoting affective attachment at the neonatal intensive care unit: a challenge for nurses] (2009) Rev Esc Enferm USP, 43, pp. 849-855. , 20085155Martínez, J.G., Fonseca, L.M.M., Scochi, C.G.S., The participation of parents in the care of premature children in a neonatal unit: meanings attributed by the health team (2007) Rev Latino Am Enfermagem, 15, pp. 239-246Franck, L.S., Axelin, A., Differences in parents', nurses' and physicians' views of NICU parent support (2013) Acta Paediatr, 102, pp. 590-596. , 23463946Latour, J.M., Hazelzet, J.A., Duivenvoorden, H.J., van Goudoever, J.B., Perceptions of parents, nurses, and physicians on neonatal intensive care practices (2010) J Pediatr, 157, pp. 215-220. , 20359714Winnicott, D.W., The MotherInfant Experience of Mutuality 1969 (1989) Psycho-Analytic Explorations, , London: Karnac Book, Winnicott C, Shepherd R, Davis MWinnicott, D.W., The Newborn and his Mother (1987) Babies and Their Mothers, pp. 35-51. , New York: ReadingWinnicott, D.W., (1992) Through Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis, , London: Karnac BooksWinnicott, D.W., (2001) The Family and Individual Development, , London: Taylor & Francis GroupPruebas científicas de los diez pasos hacia una feliz lactancia natural http://ww.who.int/child_adolescent_health/documents/WHO_CHD_98.9/es/index.htmlTurato, E.R., (2003) Tratado da Metodologia da Pesquisa Clínico-Qualitativa: Construção Teórico-Epistemológica, Discussão Comparada e Aplicação nas Áreas da Saúde e Humanas, , Rio de Janeiro: VozesPatton, M.C., Qualitative Designs and Data Collection (2002) Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods, , California: Thousand Oaks, 3Strauss, A., Corbain, J., (1990) Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques, , USA: Sage PublicationsSkene, C., Franck, L., Curtis, P., Gerrish, K., Parental involvement in neonatal comfort care (2012) J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 41, pp. 786-797. , 22789154Kymre, I.G., Bondas, T., Balancing preterm infants' developmental needs with parents' readiness for skin-to-skin care: a phenomenological study (2013) Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being, 8, p. 21370Conde-Agudelo, A., Belizán, J.M., Diaz-Rossello, J., Cochrane review: kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants (2012) Evid Based Child Health, 7, pp. 760-876Nyqvist, K.H., Anderson, G.C., Bergman, N., Cattaneo, A., Charpak, N., Davanzo, R., Ewald, U., Widström, A.M., Towards universal kangaroo mother care: recommendations and report from the first european conference and seventh international workshop on kangaroo mother care (2010) Acta Paediatr, 99, pp. 820-826. , 20219044Frello, A.T., Carraro, T.E., [Nursing and the relationship with the mothers of newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit] (2012) Rev Bras Enferm, 65, pp. 514-521. , 23032345Winnicott, D.W., (1983) O Ambiente e os Processos de Maturação - Estudos sobre a Teoria do Desenvolvimento Emocional, , Artmed: Porto Alegre, 2Sanches, R.M., Peter, A.C.A., Arida, S.G.P., UTI neonatal como espaço para intervenção psicoprofilática (2005) Winnicott na Clínica e na Instituição, pp. 133-148. , São Paulo: EscutaOrzalesi, M., Aite, L., Communication with parents in neonatal intensive care (2011) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 24, pp. 135-13

Caracterización morfo-agronómica de poblaciones de zapallo criollo (cucurbita maxima Duch.) colectadas en los valles andinos de la Argentina

In the Andean valleys of Argentina, families grow vegetables by traditional methods, mainly for self-consumption. Squash (Cucurbita maxima) is an American crop of great importance in Andean regional economies. These squash landraces are being lost by the rural exodus, the replacement of local varieties with commercial seeds and frequent droughts. They are reservoirs of genes of interest for improving the species and for ensuring local food security; their conservation and characterization are thus fundamental to avoiding genetic erosion. During 2005, sixty-one populations were collected from Valle Fértil, San Juan Province, and from the Argentinian northwest. Twentyseven were selected and tested for two years in the EEA INTA La Consulta, Mendoza. Forty-nine characters of plant, flower, fruit and seed were measured under a completely randomized design with three repetitions per population. Commercial cultivars Marino FCA and Veronés INTA were used as controls. The populations were grouped by fruit, seed and growth habit characters; a great morphological diversity was observed among and within populations. The work allowed selection of materials with desirable traits for improving the species.En los valles andinos de la Argentina las familias producen hortalizas en forma tradicional principalmente para el autoconsumo. El zapallo (Cucurbita maxima) es un cultivo americano de gran importancia en las economías regionales andinas. Estas poblaciones criollas de zapallos se están perdiendo por el éxodo rural, la sustitución de semilla criolla por semilla comercial y las sequías frecuentes. Constituyen reservorios de genes de interés para el mejoramiento y para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria local, por lo que su conservación y caracterización son fundamentales para evitar la erosión genética. Durante 2005 se realizaron colectas en Valle Fértil, provincia de San Juan y en el noroeste argentino; se colectaron 61 poblaciones, de las cuales 27 se seleccionaron y evaluaron durante dos años en la EEA La Consulta INTA, Mendoza. Se midieron 49 caracteres de planta, flor, fruto y semilla, bajo un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado y tres repeticiones por población. Los cultivares comerciales Marino FCA y Veronés INTA se emplearon como testigos. Las poblaciones se agruparon por caracteres de fruto, hábito de crecimiento y semilla, observándose gran diversidad morfológica entre y dentro de cada población. El trabajo permitió seleccionar materiales con caracteres de interés para el mejoramiento de la especie

The Vertical Position During Labor: Pain And Satisfaction [posição Vertical Durante O Trabalho De Parto: Dor E Satisfação]

Objectives: to evaluate the vertical position adopted by nulliparous women during labor in terms of pain and satisfaction with the position. Methods: the study was based on a secondary efficacy analysis of data from 107 nulliparous women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial in which the vertical position adopted during the dilation phase of labor was evaluated. The analysis involved comparing the median percentages of the duration for which women remained in the vertical position for each of the variables studied. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine the differences between the groups. Statistical significance was set at p7 (p=0.02). At 4 and 6 cm of dilation, the women who reported greater satisfaction remained more than 50% of the time in the vertical position (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). Conclusions: the vertical position helped relieve labor pain and increased comfort and patient satisfaction.94393398(2001) Delivery, Abortion and Post-partum: Humanized Care to Woman, , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DFMiquelutti, M.A., Cecatti, J.G., Makuch, M.Y., Upright position during the first stage of labor: A randomized controlled trial (2007) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 86, pp. 553-558Carlson, J.M., Diehl, J.A., Sachtleben-Murray, M., McRae, M., Friedman, E.A., Maternal position during parturition in normal labor (1986) Obstet Gynecol, 68, pp. 443-447Souza, J.P., Miquelutti, M.A., Cecatti, J.G., Makuch, M.Y., Maternal position during the first stage of labor: A syste-matic review (2006) Reprod Health, 3, p. 10Liu, Y.C., Effect of an upright position during labor (1974) Am J Nurs, 74, pp. 2202-2205Flynn, A.M., Kelly, J., Hollins, G., Lynch, P.F., Ambulation in labour (1978) Br Med J, 2, pp. 591-593Diaz, A.G., Schwarcz, R., Fescina, R., Caldeyro-Barcia, R., Vertical position during the first stage of the course of labor and neonatal outcome (1980) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 11, pp. 1-7Stewart, P., Calder, A.A., Posture in labor: Patients' choice and its effect on performance (1984) Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 91, pp. 1091-1095Andrews, C.M., Chrzanowski, M., Maternal position, labor and comfort (1990) Appl Nurs Res, 3, pp. 7-13McManus, T.J., Calder, A.A., Upright posture and the efficiency of labor (1978) Lancet, 1, pp. 72-74Williams, R.M., Thom, M.H., Studd, J.W., A study of the benefits and acceptability of ambulation in spontaneous labour (1980) Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 87, pp. 122-126Bloom, S.L., McIntire, D.D., Kelly, M.A., Beimer, H.L., Burpo, R.H., Garcia, M.A., Leveno, K.J., Lack of effect of walking on labor and delivery (1998) N Engl J Med, 339, pp. 76-79Hemminki, E., Saarikoski, S., Ambulation and delayed amniotomy in the first stage of labor (1983) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 15, pp. 129-139Hemminki, E., Lenck, M., Saarikoski, S., Henriksson, L., Ambulation versus oxytocin in protracted labour: A pilot study (1985) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 20, pp. 199-208Albers, L.L., Anderson, D., Cragin, L., Daniels, S.M., Hunter, C., Sedler, K.D., Teaf, D., The relationship of ambulation in labor to operative delivery (1997) J Nurse Midwifery, 42, pp. 4-8Read, J.A., Miller, F.C., Paul, R.H., Randomized trial of ambulation versus oxytocin for labor enhancement: A preliminary report (1981) Am J Obstet Gynecol, 139, pp. 669-672Roberts, J.E., Mendez-Bauer, C., Blackwell, J., Carpenter, M.E., Marchese, T., Effects of lateral recumbency and sitting on the first stage of labor (1984) J Reprod Med, 29, pp. 477-481Huskisson, E.C., Measurement of pain (1974) Lancet, 2, pp. 1127-1131Sampieri, R.H., Collado, C.F., Lucio, P.B., (1998) Metodologìa De La Investigacion, pp. 255-292. , Second edition. Mexico: Mc Graw-HillMéndez-Bauer, C., Arroyo, J., Garcia Ramos, C., Menéndez, A., Lavilla, M., Izquierdo, F., Villa Elízaga, I., Zamarriego, J., Effects of standing position on spontaneous uterine contractility and other aspects of labor (1975) J Perinat Med, 3, pp. 89-100Melzack, R., Bélanger, E., Lacroix, R., Labor pain: Effect of maternal position on front and back pain (1991) J Pain Symptom Manage, 6, pp. 476-480Adachi, K., Shimada, M., Usui, A., The relationship between the parturient's positions and perceptions of labor pain intensity (2003) Nurs Res, 52, pp. 47-51Spiby, H., Slade, P., Escott, D., Henderson, B., Fraser, R.B., Selected coping strategies in labor: An investigation of women's experiences (2003) Birth, 30, pp. 189-194Dundes, L., The evolution of maternal birthing position (1987) Am J Public Health, 77, pp. 636-641Russell, J., Moulding of the pelvic outlet (1969) J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 76, pp. 817-820Simkin, P., Maternal positions and pelves revisited (2003) Birth, 30, pp. 130-132Green, J.M., Baston, H.A., Feeling in control during labor: Concepts, correlates and consequences (2003) Birth, 30, pp. 235-247Slade, P., Macpherson, S.A., Hume, A., Maresh, M., Expectations, experiences and satisfaction with labour (1993) Br J Clin Psychol, 32, pp. 469-48

First report of Penicillium allii as a field pathogen of garlic (Allium sativum)

Argentina is the world´s second largest exporter of garlic (Allium sativum) and blue mold rot is annually responsible for significant crop losses. Diseased plants appear stunted and chlorotic with withered leaves and a reduction in bulb size as well as bulbs often being covered with blue/green conidial masses. To identify the pathogen, symptomatic plants (Figure 1) were sampled in the field at La Consulta station (33°45´ S, 69°02´ W). Visible fungi were cultured and identified as P. allii. Representative strains IBT# 26466, 26467, 26511 and 26512 were accessioned into the IBT collection, BioCentrum-DTU. Identifications were confirmed by comparing RP-HPLC secondary metabolite profiles with those of standard and ex Type P. allii strains (IBT 3772, 4112 and 21503). To confirm pathogenicity sterilized garlic cloves inoculated with the P. allii strains (1.5 mm deep, 5 µL of a suspension with 5x106 con.mL-1) were planted in a randomized design (4 replications plus an un-inoculated control) in a field not previously cultivated with garlic. The survival rate of inoculated plants was 68% with an overall yield of 30% marketable bulbs. P. allii was re-isolated from symptomatic field plants. Micro-morphology and yellow exudate production (Onion, 1981), were previously used to identify P. viridicatum as a pathogen of garlic in Argentina (Gatica and Oriolani, 1984); however at that time P. allii was not yet characterized. P. allii is micro-morphologically similar to P. viridicatum and also produces yellow exudate (Vincent & Pitt, 1989). To compare pathogenic ability, P. viridicatum (IBT 16939 and IBT 15053) and P. allii strains were inoculated into sterilized garlic cloves and incubated for 12 d. P. viridicatum strains were not pathogenic meanwhile P. allii strains sporulated on the garlic cloves. P. allii has been reported as an aggressive pathogen of garlic in pathogenicity trials conducted in moisture chambers (Overy et al., 2005).Fil: Valdez, Jorge Gustavo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Makuch, M. A.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Ordovini, A. F.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Masuelli, Ricardo Williams. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Overy, D. P.. Technical University of Denmark; Dinamarca. University of Wales; Reino UnidoFil: Piccolo, Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentin

First collection of landrace vegetable crops cultivated in Valle Fértil, Argentina Primera colección de hortalizas criollas cultivadas en Valle Fértil, Argentina

The richness of the cultural values found in the Argentinean Andean communities is integrated by a varied diversity of genetic resources, the development of a sustainable agriculture, and the conservation of the producer's own seeds. Local agriculture is a family economic activity, in which traditional varieties of vegetable landraces are highly appreciated for their flavour, colour and aromas. However; social, economic and environmental factors have an effect on crop diversity conservation. The main aim of this work was to retrieve and maintain a representative collection of traditional crop genetic resources still cultivated in the District of Valle Fértil, San Juan Province, Argentina, and to document the farmers' crop experiences and uses. Fifty families were interviewed; 26 of these donated a total of 49 samples belonging to eight species. The landraces collected showed a geometric distribution, typical of communities with low number of species; and a pattern of dominance. A few species are present in almost all farms while rare species are found in specific environments. Local germplasm recovery can prevent genetic erosion, so that both the formal breeding sector and the farmers can make use of the diversity of this collection.La riqueza cultural de las comunidades andinas de la Argentina está integrada por la diversidad de sus recursos genéticos, el desarrollo de un sistema agrícola sostenible y por el mantenimiento de sus semillas. La agricultura local es una actividad económica familiar, donde las variedades tradicionales de hortalizas son muy apreciadas por su sabor, color y aroma. Sin embargo, distintos factores sociales, económicos y ambientales afectan la diversidad de tales cultivos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron recuperar y conservar una muestra representativa de los recursos genéticos vegetales tradicionales aún presentes en el departamento de Valle Fértil, provincia de San Juan, Argentina, y documentar las experiencias y usos de ellos por parte de los productores. Se entrevistaron 50 familias de las cuales 26 donaron un total de 49 muestras pertenecientes a ocho especies. Las variedades criollas recolectadas mostraron una distribución geométrica típica en comunidades con pocas especies, y un patrón de dominancia donde algunas especies están presentes en casi todas las huertas mientras que especies poco representadas se encuentran en ambientes específicos. La recuperación del germoplasma local puede prevenir la erosión genética, de modo que tanto los mejoradores como los productores puedan aprovechar la diversidad de esta colección