Evaluation of medical error status in various wards of Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital, Khorramabad, Iran

Abstract: Medical errors are known as the most important challenges that healthcare systems in all countries are encountered to them. To provide security and safety for patient is one of the major items in the health care systems. Confessing medical errors imposed on patient and education system is found to be an important aspect of medical ethics and care in turn lowers incidence of errors. Given the importance of identifying and reporting occurred medical errors, the present research aimed to assess medical errors in hospital wards of Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital Khorramabad so that findings of this research can inspire us to incorporate medical errors as a very important subject in the curriculum of medical students and finally physicians can do best examination and treatment with minimal or no errors and inaccuracies. The present research is descriptive in nature which lasted from April to March 2015. Statistical population (subjects) included employees and supervisors, nurses, staffs, lab safety facilitator, pharmacy safety facilitator, surgery room personnel, equipment and personnel in the hospital wards, including the emergency department, men surgery, women surgery, operating room, orthopedics, internal medicine ward, neurology, laboratory room, surgery, infectious, ophthalmic, reception, pharmacy and CCU hospital in Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital- Khorramabad. © 2009-2016, JGPT

Prediction of clear water local scour at bridge piers

LAUREA MAGISTRALELa funzionalità delle infrastrutture è cruciale per la società moderna e ogni fallanza delle stesse provoca conseguenze negative per l’economia e il benessere dei cittadini. I ponti fluviali non fanno eccezione, dal momento che eventuali danneggiamenti o crolli di queste strutture possono provocare ingenti danni, isolamento di territori e perdite di vite umane. La vulnerabilità dei ponti dipende da diversi fenomeni, tra i quali si possono includere i processi erosivi localizzati. A dispetto della grande mole di ricerche condotte su questi fenomeni, non sono ancora disponibili equazioni per la previsione dell’evoluzione temporale dell’erosione, che possano ritenersi di validità generale. Molto spesso la validità delle formule disponibili è limitata agli esperimenti condotti per ottenerle. In questo lavoro è stato analizzato un ampio campione di dati di letteratura, per il caso dell’erosione a una pila circolare in condizioni di acque chiare. È stata stimata una nuova equazione con l’obiettivo di rappresentare il complesso dei dati. I dati proposti dai singoli autori non sono in generale omogenei, perché ottenuti tramite procedure sperimentali diverse e inquadrati in schemi di riferimento diversi. È stato dunque necessario un lavoro di omogeneizzazione dei parametri. Uno di quelli più importanti è la velocità del flusso, che alcuni autori considerano media sulla sezione trasversale e altri sulla profondità. I valori di velocità sono stati convertiti laddove necessario. Un opportuno inquadramento adimensionale è stato usato per individuare i parametri di maggiore importanza: la snellezza della pila in relazione alla profondità della corrente, la dimensione dell’ostacolo rispetto a quella dei sedimenti, l’intensità del flusso rispetto alle condizioni critiche, e il tempo. La formula finale proposta è costituita da una produttoria di funzioni dei singoli parametri. La capacità della formula di prevedere i valori di erosione è stata confrontata con quella di analoghi strumenti disponibili in letteratura, riscontrando un generale miglioramento. Parole chiave: Pila di ponte; Erosione localizzata; Evoluzione temporale; Stima dell’erosione.In modern societies, the normal life of people is highly dependent on the operation of the infrastructures. Any disruption to the normal performance of these critical infrastructures can have negative impacts on the economy of the society and the welfare of the citizens. Bridges at river crossings, being one of the most important and vital infrastructures, are prone to a major damage during floods. Damage can be caused by various reasons; one of the main ones is riverbed scour at bridge foundations. The damage can range from minor erosion to complete failure of the bridge structure which can lead to death casualties and isolation of entire areas. In spite of the extensive research efforts on this topic, a general equation which can be able to predict the temporal evolution of scour depth is still missing due to the fact that the existing formulae are manly appropriate for the experiments that they are developed for. In this work, an extensive data set for long-duration, clear-water pier scour experiments has been considered. Data from several authors were used to fit a novel predictive equation for the temporal development of the maximum scour depth at a circular pier. Since the mentioned data by different authors were included in different frameworks, it was necessary to make them homogeneous and present them with the same parameters. In this respect, the approach flow velocity was one of the most influential parameters for the scour trend; some authors used a cross-sectional average flow velocity, some others used instead a depth-averaged value at mid-channel. Therefore, values were converted whenever necessary. A dimensionless framework was considered to highlight the most relevant parameters; the final predictive equation was the product of functions of the individual parameters. The most important dimensionless parameters were the flow shallowness, the sediment coarseness, the ratio of the flow velocity to the critical one, and the dimensionless time. The performance of the estimated scour function was finally compared to that of previous literature equations, documenting a general improvement of prediction capabilities. Author keywords: Bridge piers; Local scour; Temporal evolution; Scour prediction

Epidemiologic findings of the patients who attempted suicide and referred to the Shahid Mohammadi hospital of Bandar Abbass in 2009

Objective: Suicide is the 13th leading cause of death worldwide and is influenced by cultural, psychological and social aspects. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of suicide in Bandar Abbas in 2009.Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2009, all suicidal patients who were referred to the emergency room (ER) of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbass were enrolled. Fully trained medical interns of the ER first collected demographic data of the suicidal patients. Then the data, including their reason for attempting suicide, how they attempted suicide, previous suicide attempts, history of substance use, and the size of the family, were collected by direct interviewing the patient. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software.Results: About 405 patients were enrolled in the study consisting 172 men (44.2%) and 226 (55.8%) women. Mean age of the participants was 24.29±5.5 years. Most of the suicidal patients were 18 to 26 years old (64.2%). Thirty-eight percent of the women and 62% of the men were addicts. Eleven patients (2.71%) died, including eight men and three women. The most prevalent method of suicide leading to death was drug toxicity. Conclusion: Teaching problem-solving skills is an important way to control suicide. Identifying the risk groups, paying closer attention to the 18-26 age group, and moral support of the patients with previous unsuccessful suicide attempts might decrease the suicide rate

The effects of Nigella sativa ethanolic extract on proliferation and apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma ACHN cell line

زمینه و هدف: سیاه دانه (Nigella sativa) گیاهی ازتیره آلاله٬ علفی، یک ساله یا پایا است. ترکیبات این گیاه دارای خواص ضد سرطانی هستند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر سایتوتوکسیک و آپوپتوتیک عصاره الکلی سیاهدانه بر روی رشد سلول های سرطانی کلیه انسان رده ACHN و سلول های غیر سرطانی سالم رده L929 انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی غلظت های مختلف عصاره الکلی سیاهدانه در محیط کشت، روی سلول های ACHN و L929 اثر داده شد. پس از 24، 48 و 72 ساعت، تغییرات مورفولوژیک ایجاد شده با میکروسکوپ معکوس ارزیابی گردید. با آزمون MTT اثر غلظت های عصاره بر درصد سلول های زنده هر دو رده سلولی در زمان‌های مذکور، از نظر کمی بررسی شد. بررسی میزان آپوپتوز با کیت فسفاتیدیل سرین با استفاده ار دستگاه فلوسیتومتری مشخص گردید. داده ها با استفاده از آنالیز آماری واریانس یک طرفه و آزمون تعقیبی Tukeyآنالیز شد. یافته ها: نتایج آزمون MTT نشان داد که غلظت های µg/ml 750 و بالاتر عصاره بر سلول های رده ACHN و غلظت های µg/ml 1250 و بالاتر عصاره بر روی سلول های رده L929 موجب کاهش معنی دار تعداد سلول های زنده ACHN و L929 می گردد (05/0P(P. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش عصاره الکلی سیاهدانه دارای اثرات آپوپتوتیک و سایتوتوکسیک بر سلول های سرطانی رده ACHN در مقایسه با سلول های سالم L929 است. لذا می توان عصاره الکلی سیاهدانه را به عنوان ترکیبی با اثرات سایتوتوکسیک روی سلول های سرطانی در درمان سرطان کلیه پیشنهاد کرد

Dynamic Analysis of Rotor Speed and Electrical Torque of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator (BDFIG) Under Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Faults

The brushless doubly fed induction generator (BDFIG) has the potential to be employed as a variable speed wind turbine generator. Owing to brushless configuration of this generator, its reliability is higher than DFIG. Most of the grid faults are unsymmetrical. Hence, this paper analyzes dynamic behavior of BDFIG under symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults and presents dynamic models for both fault types. In order to validate the results of analysis, simulations have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software. Then, the control winding (CW) current is compared under symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults

Probiotic Viability, Physicochemical Characterization and Sensory Properties of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Juice Supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii

A large variety of fruits and vegetables and a large number of Lactobacillus strains provide a great opportunity for the development and industrialization of non-dairy beverages. In this study, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii were used for cornelian cherry probiotic juice. Physicochemical factors such as the survival of probiotic bacteria, acidity and the total amount of reducing carbohydrates in probiotic juice were studied. After four weeks, the survival of Lactobacillus delbrueckii was significantly higher than other treatments (p < 0.05). After four weeks, no Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria had survived. In terms of sensory evaluation, there was a significant difference between two treatments of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, while the treatment with Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic bacteria was more acceptable than Lactobacillus delbrueckii (p < 0.05). Due to the sensory characteristics, the viability of bacteria, and other physicochemical properties, it can be concluded that probiotic juice can be useful for human health if the probiotic bacteria can survive

The relationship between teacher’s perceived organizational culture of school and their basic psychological needs satisfaction

This research aimed at studying the relationship between teachers' perceived organizational culture of school and their basic psychological needs satisfaction (relatedness, competence, and autonomy) in Urmia , Iran, based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions (masculinity/ femininity, individualism/ collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and power distance). To this end, 187 high school teachers were randomly selected and were asked to answer Hofstede cultural dimension and basic psychological needs scale. The results of canonical correlation analysis revealed that there is a significantly negative relationship between Hofstede cultural dimensions and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. In general, it can be concluded that if the organizational culture of the school does not support teachers' autonomy, the sense of competence will be low among these teachers

Protocol Design for Large–Scale Cross–Sectional Studies of Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non–Communicable Diseases in Iran: STEPs 2016

INTRODUCTION: The rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has gained increasing attention. There is a great need for reliable data to address such problems. Here, we describe the development of a comprehensive set of executive and scientific protocols and instructions of STEPs 2016. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a large-scale cross-sectional study of Surveillance of Risk Factors of NCDs in Iran. Through systematic proportional to size cluster random sampling, 31,050 participants enrolled in three sequential processes, of completing questionnaires; physical measurements, and lab assessment. RESULTS: Out of 429 districts, samples were taken from urban and rural areas of 389 districts. After applying sampling weight to the samples, comparing the distribution of population and samples, compared classification was determined in accordance with the age and sex groups. Out of 31,050 expected participants, 30,541 participant completed questionnaires (52.31% female). For physical measurements and lab assessment, the cases included 30,042 (52.38% female) and 19,778 (54.04% female), respectively. DISCUSSION: There is an urgent need to focus on reviewing trend analyses of NCDs.To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first comprehensive experience on systematic electronic national survey. The results could be also used for future complementary studies

Comparison of physical and hydrodynamic properties of two Iranian commercial pomegranates

The aim of this study was to determine and compare several physical and hydrodynamic properties of two commercial pomegranate cultivars in Iran (Poost sefid and Malas-Yazd).  Values of geometric diameter (74.61-82.45 mm), volume (176-503 mm3), true density (970.25-1,028.30 kg/m3) and packing coefficient (0.48-0.55) showed statistically significant difference at the 1% level.  Besides, projected area and face surface area of cv. Poost sefid were 15 and 18 percent more than cv. Malas-Yazd, respectively (P0.05), respectively.  Further, buoyancy force levels of cv. Poost sefid (3.25 N) and cv. Malas-Yazd (2.41 N) had statistically significant difference at the level 5%.  The rupture force values of Iranian pomegranate varieties had significant differences at Y and Z-axes loading (