Predicting The Fragility Of Renal Calculi In Response To Shock Wave Lithotripsy Through Their Radiographic Appearance

Objectives: To evaluate the radiological characteristics of renal stones on plain X-ray film of the kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB) area as predictors of stone fragility during shock wave lithotripsy (SWL).Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 336 patients who had a single renal pelvic stone .20 mm and were managed by SWL at 3 different centers. The patients were classified according to the radiological appearance of the stone on KUB film in terms of homogeneity,smoothness of the outline, and radiodensity in comparison to the last rib. The primary endpoint was the stone-free rate (SFR) within 3 months post-SWL. Multivariate regression analysis was used to compare the results.Results: The overall SFR was 71.43%. SFR was significantly higher in heterogeneous compared with homogenous stones (86% vs. 53%;

Four New Trinuclear {Cu3(μ3-OH)(oximate)3}2+ Clusters: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Behavior

Four new triangular copper(II) complexes with the fragment {Cu3(μ3-OH)(oximate)3}2+ and formulae [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-Cl)(Py2CNO)3(tBuPO3H)]·4H2O (1), [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-Br)(Py2CNO)3(tBuPO3H)]·3.5H2O (2), [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-Br)(PhPyCNO)3(tBuPO3H)(MeOH)]·1.5 MeOH (3), [Cu3(μ3-OH)Cl2(PhPyCNO)3]·0.5H2O (4), (Py2CNO = di(2-pyridyl)ketoximate, PhPyCNO = phenyl(2-pyridyl)ketoximate, tBuPO3H2 = tert-butylphosphonic acid) are reported. The magnetic properties of compounds 1-4 were studied. The compounds were found to exhibit strong antiferromagnetic coupling and antisymmetric exchange interaction

A Model for Neutrino Masses and Dark Matter

We propose a model for neutrino masses that simultaneously results in a new dark matter candidate, the right-handed neutrino. We derive the dark matter abundance in this model, show how the hierarchy of neutrino masses is obtained, and verify that the model is compatible with existing experimental results. The model provides an economical method of unifying two seemingly separate puzzles in contemporary particle physics and cosmology.Comment: 4 pages, submitted to PR

Tri-Bimaximal Neutrino Mixing and the Family Symmetry Z_7 x Z_3

The Non-Abelian finite group PSL_2(7) is the only simple subgroup of SU(3) with a complex three-dimensional irreducible representation. It has two maximal subgroups, S_4 which, along with its own A_4 subgroup, has been successfully applied in numerous models of flavor, as well as the 21 element Frobenius group Z_7 x Z_3, which has gained much less attention. We show that it can also be used to generate tri-bimaximal mixing in the neutrino sector, while allowing for quark and charged lepton hierarchies.Comment: 15 pages, matches published version, updated reference

Field-Induced SMM and Visible/NIR-Luminescence Behaviour of Dinuclear LnIII Complexes with 2-Fluorobenzoate

The reaction of Ln(NO3)2·6H2O salts (Ln = Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er and Yb) with 2-fluorobenzoic acid (H-2-FBz) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in ethanol/water mixture allows the isolation of dinuclear compounds of the formula [Ln2(2-FBz)4- (NO3)2(phen)2] {Ln = Nd (1), Eu (2), Gd (3), Tb (4), Dy (5), Er (6)} and [Yb2(2-FBz)6(phen)2] (7). The solid-state photoluminescence study of the complexes shows the 4f-4f lanthanide transitions in the visible range, in the cases of 2, 4 and 5, and in the NIR range for 1, 6 and 7. Magnetic studies reveal field-induced single-molecule-magnet (SMM) behaviour for compounds 1, 5, 6 and 7

Field-Induced SMM and Vis/NIR Luminescence on mononuclear lanthanide complexes with 9-Anthracenecarboxylate and 2,2':6,2'-Terpyridine.

Five new mononuclear lanthanide complexes are synthesized by adding the several lanthanide nitrate hexahydrate salts, which for lanthanide (Ln) are Eu, Tb, Dy, Er, and Yb, with 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-Hanthc) and 2,20 :6,200-terpyridine (TPY) in mixed solution of methanol and dimethylformamide (DMF). The general formula is [Eu(9-anthc)3 (TPY)(DMF)]·H2O (1Eu) where Eu(III) is ennea-coordinated or [Ln(9-anthc)3 (TPY)(H2O)]·H2O·DMF (Ln = Tb (2Tb), Dy (3Dy), Er (4Er), and Yb (5Yb)) where Ln(III) is octa-coordinated. For compounds 3Dy, 4Er, and 5Yb, the dynamic ac magnetic study indicated field-induced single molecule magnet (SMM) behavior. The photoluminescence studies in the solid state of these complexes show the sensitization of 4f-4f transitions for 4Er and 5Yb in the NIR region

A Ferromagnetic Salicylaldoximate/Azide MnII2MnIII6 Cluster with an S = 17 Ground State and a Single-Molecule-Magnet Response

One new MnII 2MnIII 6 cluster exhibiting an S = 17 spin ground state and single-molecule-magnet properties has been designed linking MnIII 3-salicylaldoximate triangles and tetracoordinated MnII cations by means of end-on azido bridges. The ferromagnetic coupling has been rationalized as a function of their structural parameters

Dinuclear LnIII Complexes with 9‐Anthracenecarboxylate Showing Field‐Induced SMM and Visible/NIR Luminescence

The reaction of several Ln(NO3)3·6H2O salts with 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-HAC) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) in a mixture of CH3OH/H2O has allowed the isolation of the dinuclear compounds 1-6 with formula [Ln2(μ2-9-AC)4(9-AC)2(bpy)2] [LnIII = Nd (1), Eu (2), Gd (3), Tb (4), Er (5), and Yb (6)]. The molar magnetic susceptibility measurements of 1-6 in the 2-300 K temperature range indicate weak antiferromagnetic ex-. change for the isotropic GdIII compound 3. Compounds 1, 5, and 6 exhibit field-induced single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior. The luminescence properties of compounds 1-6 in the solid state have been studied at different temperatures and show sensitization of the 4f-4f emission bands in the NIR range for compounds 1, 5, and 6

Circularly polarized luminescence on dinuclear Tb(III) and Eu(III) complexes with (S-) and (R-) 2-phenylpropionate

The reaction of Ln(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O (Ln = Tb and Eu) with (S)-(+)-2-phenylpropionic acid (S-HL) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in EtOH/H2O allows the isolation of the dinuclear chiral compounds of the formula [Ln(2)(S-L)(6)(phen)(2)]center dot 2.5 center dot S-HL in which Ln = Tb (S-1), Ln = Eu (S-2). The same synthesis by using (R)-(-)-2-phenylpropionic acid (R-HL) instead of (S)-(+)-2-phenylpropionic acid allows the isolation of the enantiomeric compounds with the formula [Ln(2)(R-L)(6)(phen)(2)]center dot 2 center dot 5 center dot R-HL where Ln = Tb (R-1), Ln = Eu (R-2). All compounds show sensitized luminescence. The luminescence study, including the circularly polarized luminescence spectra of the four compounds, is reported. The magnetic behavior of S-1 and S-2 is also reported