77 research outputs found
Vaccines as alternatives to antibiotics for food producing animals. Part 1:challenges and needs
Vaccines and other alternative products can help minimize the need for antibiotics by preventing and controlling infectious diseases in animal populations, and are central to the future success of animal agriculture. To assess scientific advancements related to alternatives to antibiotics and provide actionable strategies to support their development, the United States Department of Agriculture, with support from the World Organisation for Animal Health, organized the second International Symposium on Alternatives to Antibiotics. It focused on six key areas: vaccines; microbial-derived products; non-nutritive phytochemicals; immune-related products; chemicals, enzymes, and innovative drugs; and regulatory pathways to enable the development and licensure of alternatives to antibiotics. This article, part of a two-part series, synthesizes and expands on the expert panel discussions regarding opportunities, challenges and needs for the development of vaccines that may reduce the need for use of antibiotics in animals; new approaches and potential solutions will be discussed in part 2 of this series. Vaccines are widely used to prevent infections in food animals. Various studies have demonstrated that their animal agricultural use can lead to significant reductions in antibiotic consumption, making them promising alternatives to antibiotics. To be widely used in food producing animals, vaccines have to be safe, effective, easy to use, and cost-effective. Many current vaccines fall short in one or more of these respects. Scientific advancements may allow many of these limitations to be overcome, but progress is funding-dependent. Research will have to be prioritized to ensure scarce public resources are dedicated to areas of potentially greatest impact first, and private investments into vaccine development constantly compete with other investment opportunities. Although vaccines have the potential to improve animal health, safeguard agricultural productivity, and reduce antibiotic consumption and resulting resistance risks, targeted research and development investments and concerted efforts by all affected are needed to realize that potential
Imaging bacteria with radiolabelled quinolones, cephalosporins and siderophores for imaging infection: a systematic review
Uncovering the Importance of Selenium in Muscle Disease
A connection between selenium bioavailability and development of muscular
disorders both in humans and livestock has been established for a long time.
With the development of genomics, the function of several selenoproteins was
shown to be involved in muscle activity, including SELENON, which was linked to
an inherited form of myopathy. Development of animal models has helped to dissect
the physiological dysfunction due to mutation in the SELENON gene; however the
molecular activity remains elusive and only recent analysis using both in vivo and
in vitro experiment provided hints toward its function in oxidative stress defence
and calcium transport control. This review sets out to summarise most recent findings
for the importance of selenium in muscle function and the contribution of this
information to the design of strategies to cure the diseases
Relationship of TRIM5 and TRIM22 polymorphisms with liver disease and HCV clearance after antiviral therapy in HIV/HCV coinfected patients
Characterization of the yehUT Two-Component Regulatory System of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi and Typhimurium
10.1371/journal.pone.0084567PLoS ONE812-POLN
Characterisation of a live Salmonella vaccine stably expressing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85B-ESAT6 fusion protein.
Optimal PMU allocation for high-sensitivity wide-area backup protection scheme of transmission lines
Performance characteristics of biodistribution of 99mTc-cefprozil for in vivo infection imaging
Preparation and biodistribution of [131I]linezolid in animal model infection and inflammation
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