Lipoperoxidation levels in rainbow trout and broiler chickens after levofloxacin administration

La levofloxacina es un antimicrobiano del grupo de las fluoroquinolonas utilizada en medicina humana y con potencial aplicación en animales de producción, si los estudios toxicológicos y farmacológicos lo avalan. Si bien trabajos previos han demostrado que otras fluoroquinolonas y/o sus metabolitos producen peroxidación de lípidos en los tejidos animales, las comunicaciones sobre evaluaciones toxicológicas de levofloxacina son escasas. En el presente trabajo se plantea evaluar la posible oxidación de lípidos en tejidos de pollos parrilleros y truchas (Oncorhynchus mykiss), después de la administración de levofloxacina utilizando la técnica de sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARs). Los valores de nmol de TBARs/g de tejido mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: músculo de trucha después de una única administración de 10mg/kg de levofloxacina 50,2±3,2 vs control 17,1±3,8 (p<0,05) a las 72 h; en pollo, después de una única administración de 5mg/kg de levofloxacina, los valores fueron, en músculo a las 2 h, 6,2±1,2 vs control 3,7±1,3 (p<0,05) y en hígado a la hora, 6,9±0,2 vs control 0,9±0,1 (p<0,05). Esta información, que sugiere inducción de un efecto oxidativo en tejidos, debe ser profundizada en futuras investigaciones.Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial used in human medicine and with a potential application in food-producing animals, if the toxicological and pharmacological studies support this. Previous studies have shown that other fluoroquinolones and/or its metabolites produce lipid peroxidation in animal tissues but toxicological evaluation of levofloxacin communications are scarce. This work argues evaluate the possible lipid oxidation in broiler chickens and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues, after levofloxacin administration, using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances technique (TBARs). The values, TBARs/g of tissue, showed statistically significant differences in: trout muscle after a10mg/kg single administration of levofloxacin 50.2±3.2 vs control 17.1±3.8 (p<0.05) at 72 h; in chicken after a single 5mg/kg levofloxacin administration, the values were in muscle at 2 h, 6.2±1.2 vs control 3.7±1.3 (p<0.05) and in liver at 1h, 6.9±0.2 vs control 0.9±0.1 (p<0.05). This information which suggests oxidative effect induction in tissues should be deepened in future research.Fil: Weyers, A.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Ugnia, L. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Ovando, Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Clínica Animal; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorla, Nora Bibiana Maria. Universidad "Juan Agustín Maza". Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Lipoperoxidation levels in rainbow trout and broiler chickens after levofloxacin administration

La levofloxacina es un antimicrobiano del grupo de las fluoroquinolonas utilizada en medicina humana y con potencial aplicación en animales de producción, si los estudios toxicológicos y farmacológicos lo avalan. Si bien trabajos previos han demostrado que otras fluoroquinolonas y/o sus metabolitos producen peroxidación de lípidos en los tejidos animales, las comunicaciones sobre evaluaciones toxicológicas de levofloxacina son escasas. En el presente trabajo se plantea evaluar la posible oxidación de lípidos en tejidos de pollos parrilleros y truchas (Oncorhynchus mykiss), después de la administración de levofloxacina utilizando la técnica de sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARs). Los valores de nmol de TBARs/g de tejido mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: músculo de trucha después de una única administración de 10mg/kg de levofloxacina 50,2±3,2 vs control 17,1±3,8 (p<0,05) a las 72 h; en pollo, después de una única administración de 5mg/kg de levofloxacina, los valores fueron, en músculo a las 2 h, 6,2±1,2 vs control 3,7±1,3 (p<0,05) y en hígado a la hora, 6,9±0,2 vs control 0,9±0,1 (p<0,05). Esta información, que sugiere inducción de un efecto oxidativo en tejidos, debe ser profundizada en futuras investigaciones.Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial used in human medicine and with a potential application in food-producing animals, if the toxicological and pharmacological studies support this. Previous studies have shown that other fluoroquinolones and/or its metabolites produce lipid peroxidation in animal tissues but toxicological evaluation of levofloxacin communications are scarce. This work argues evaluate the possible lipid oxidation in broiler chickens and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues, after levofloxacin administration, using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances technique (TBARs). The values, TBARs/g of tissue, showed statistically significant differences in: trout muscle after a10mg/kg single administration of levofloxacin 50.2±3.2 vs control 17.1±3.8 (p<0.05) at 72 h; in chicken after a single 5mg/kg levofloxacin administration, the values were in muscle at 2 h, 6.2±1.2 vs control 3.7±1.3 (p<0.05) and in liver at 1h, 6.9±0.2 vs control 0.9±0.1 (p<0.05). This information which suggests oxidative effect induction in tissues should be deepened in future research.Fil: Weyers, A.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Ugnia, L. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Ovando, Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Clínica Animal; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorla, Nora Bibiana Maria. Universidad "Juan Agustín Maza". Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Diabetes and Risk of Frailty and Its Potential Mechanisms: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults

Background: There is emerging evidence of the role of diabetes as a risk factor for frailty. However, the mechanisms of this association are uncertain. Methods: Prospective cohort study of 1750 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥60 years recruited in 2008-2010. At baseline, information was obtained on health behaviors, morbidity, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and antidiabetic treatments. Individuals were considered diabetic if they reported a physician-diagnosis or had fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dl. Study participants were followed-up through 2012 to assess incident frailty, defined as at least three of the five Fried criteria. Results: At baseline, the cohort included 346 individuals with diabetes and 1404 without it. Over a mean 3.5-year follow-up, 115 cases of incident frailty were ascertained. After adjustment for age, sex and education, participants with diabetes showed an increased risk of frailty (odds ratio [OR]: 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-3.37). Additional adjustment for health behaviors and abdominal obesity yielded a 29.7% reduction in the OR (OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.16-2.90). Subsequent adjustment for morbidity produced an additional 8.4% reduction (OR: 1.76; 95%CI: 1.10-2.82), and for cardiometabolic biomarkers, a further 44% reduction (OR: 1.32; 95% 0.70-2.49). In particular, adjustment for HbA1c, lipoproteins and triglycerides accounted for the greatest reductions. Finally, additional adjustment for oral antidiabetic medication reduced the OR to 1.01 (95%CI: 0.46-2.20), while adjustment for nutritional therapy increased it to 1.64 (95%CI: 0.77-3.49). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risk of frailty; this association is partly explained by unhealthy behaviors and obesity and, to a greater extent, by poor glucose control and altered serum lipid profile among diabetic individuals. Conversely, diabetes nutritional therapy reduces the risk of frailtyBaseline data collection was funded by Sanofi-Aventis. Data collection during follow-up was funded by the Spanish Government FIS grants 09/1626 and 09/0104 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). Funding specific for this analysis was obtained from the Spanish Government FIS grant 12/1166 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the FP7-HEALTH-2012-Proposal No: 305483–2 (FRAILOMIC Initiative)

Effectiveness of acute geriatric units on functional decline, living at home, and case fatality among older patients admitted to hospital for acute medical disorders: meta-analysis

Objective To assess the effectiveness of acute geriatric units compared with conventional care units in adults aged 65 or more admitted to hospital for acute medical disorders

Scoping Review of Neuroimaging Studies Investigating Frailty and Frailty Components

Background: Neuroimaging techniques are a cornerstone for diagnosing and investigating cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly. In frailty research, the physical as opposed to the cognitive domain of the aging process, neuroimaging studies are less common. Here we systematically review the use of neuroimaging techniques in frailty research.Methods: We searched PUBMED for any publication reporting the association between neuroimaging markers and frailty, following Fried's original definition, as well as its determining phenotypes: gait speed, grip strength, fatigue and recent weight loss in the non-diseased population older than 65 years.Results: The search returned a total of 979 abstracts which were independently screened by 3 reviewers. In total, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 12 studies evaluated gait speed, 2 grip strength, and 3 frailty (2 Fried Frailty, 1 Frailty Index). An association between increased burden of white matter lesions, lower fractional anisotropy, and higher diffusivity has been associated consistently to frailty and worse performance in the different frailty components.Conclusions: White matter lesions were significantly associated to frailty and frailty components thus highlighting the potential utility of neuroimaging in unraveling the underlying mechanisms of this state. However, considering small sample size and design effects, it is not possible to completely rule out reverse causality between frailty and neuroimaging findings. More studies are needed to clarify this important clinical question

Gestión de contenidos digitales de la Conferencia Episcopal Española. Tratamiento informativo de la 109º Asamblea Plenaria

La comunicación institucional en la era digital responde a una demanda social actual de establecer diálogos entre las instituciones y sus públicos a través de las herramientas digitales. La Iglesia se ha incorporado a este tipo de comunicación y utiliza de manera profesional y competitiva los recursos on line. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer cómo se muestra la imagen y la estrategia de comunicación de la Conferencia Episcopal Española en el ámbito digital. Para ello, se realizará un análisis de contenido temático y cuantitativo de la comunicación institucional de la CEE a través de su web (www.conferenciaepiscopal.es/) y sus redes sociales (Twitter, Facebook, YouTube y Flikr) durante el mes de marzo de 2017, que coincide con la celebración de la 109º Asamblea Plenaria (del 13 al 17 de marzo), en la que salió reelegido como presidente de la CEE Ricardo Blázquez. Además, se comprobará si la información institucional publicada por la CEE repercute en los medios de comunicación de forma inmediata, tanto en la prensa nacional de mayor tirada y difusión, como en la regional (Castilla y León), por la relación de proximidad con Blázquez, arzobispo de Valladolid.The institutional communication in the digital era responds to a current social demand to establish dialogues between the institutions and their public through digital tools. The Church has joined this type of communication and uses online resources in a professional and competitive way. The objective of this study is to get to know how the image and communication strategy of the Spanish Episcopal Conference is shown in the digital sphere. For that purpose, we will carry out an analysis of thematic and quantitative content of the institutional communication of the Spanish Episcopal Conference (CEE, as per its acronym in Spanish) through its website (www.conferenciaepiscopal. es/) and its social networks (Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and Flickr) during March 2107, which coincides with the celebration of the Plenary Assembly (from 13th to 17th of March), where Ricardo Blázquez was reelected as president of the EEC. Moreover, it will be checked if the institutional information published by the EEC affects the media immediately, both the national press with a large circulation and diffusion and the regional press (Castilla y León), due to the close relationship with Blázquez, the archbishop of Valladolid

Frequency, intensity and localization of pain as risk factors for frailty in older adults

Background: the association between pain characteristics and frailty risk is uncertain. Objective: to investigate the separate impact of the frequency, intensity and location of pain on frailty risk and its possible mechanisms. Methods: prospective cohort of 1505 individuals ≥63 years followed between 2012 and 2015 in Spain. In 2012, pain was classified into: lowest pain (Score 0), middle pain (Score 1-4) and highest pain (Score 5-6). Incident frailty was assessed in 2015 as having ≥3 Fried criteria or a Frailty Index (FI) ≥0.30. Results: in multivariate analyses, the risk of frailty (measured with the Fried criteria or the FI) increased progressively with the frequency of pain, its intensity and the number of pain locations. Compared with those having the lowest pain score, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of Fried-based frailty was 1.24 (0.56-2.75) in the middle score and 2.39 (1.34-4.27; P-trend <0.01) in the highest score. Corresponding values for frailty as FI ≥0.30 were 1.39 (0.80-2.42) and 2.77 (1.81-4.24; P-trend <0.01). Odds ratios did not change after adjustment for alcohol intake, Mediterranean diet adherence or sedentary time, but were reduced with adjustment for pain-associated chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic lung disease, osteomuscular disease and depression). A higher pain score was linked to higher risk of exhaustion and low physical activity (two out of five Fried criteria) and to a worse score in all FI domains. Conclusion: frequency, intensity and location of pain were associated with higher risk of frailty. Study associations were partly explained by pain-associated morbidity

Monitoring genotoxicity in humans exposed to pesticides: Preliminary study in children

El monitoreo de grupos de poblaciones humanas expuestos a agentes tóxicos es una herramienta valiosa en salud pública y ocupacional. Tiene como objetivo preservar la salud y la calidad de vida. Se describen los biomarcadores utilizados en la evaluación de daño genotóxico provocado por plaguicidas en monitoreos desarrollados en Argentina en poblaciones involuntariamente expuestas a estas sustancias y se presenta el primer monitoreo citogenético en niños expuestos ambientalmente a estas sustancias. Los biomarcadores utilizados en los ocho trabajos con poblaciones argentinas son aberraciones, intercambio de cromátidas hermanas, micronúcleos y cometas. El ensayo de micronúcleos (enfoque citoma) se realizó en la mucosa bucal de 19 niños de entre 5 y 12 años de edad de las localidades de Oncativo y Marcos Juárez (Provincia de Córdoba) que están rodeadas por campos cultivados con soja y maíz con aplicaciones estándares de plaguicidas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en la frecuencia de células con brotes (BR) y con micronúcleos (MN) por cada 1000 células analizadas y de los mismos con un grupo referente. El monitoreo genotóxico es importante porque constituye la base para integrar una correcta vigilancia médica en poblaciones en riesgo por exposición laboral o ambiental a sustancias químicas como plaguicidas.Monitoring human population groups exposed to toxic agents is a valuable tool in public and occupational health. It aims to preserve the health and quality of life. Biomarkers used in evaluation of genotoxic damage caused by pesticides developed in Argentina in monitoring populations chronically exposed to these substances and the first cytogenetic monitoring in children environmentally exposed to these substances occurs are described. Biomarkers used in eight jobs with Argentine populations are aberrations, sister chromatid exchange, micronuclei and comet. The micronucleus test (cytoma) was performed on the buccal mucosa of 19 children aged between 5 and 12 years of age localities Oncativo and Marcos Juarez (Cordoba province) which are surrounded by cultivated with soybean and corn fields with applications standard pesticide. Significant differences between the groups in the frequency of cells with buds (BR) and with micronuclei (MN) per 1000 cells analyzed and the relation thereof with a group were found. The genotoxic monitoring is important because it forms the basis for integrating proper medical surveillance in populations at risk for occupational or environmental chemical exposure as pesticides.Fil: Aiassa, Delia Elba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Bernardi, Natalí Gisela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Gentile, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Méndez, Álvaro. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Roma, Dardo Andrés. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Gorla, Nora Bibiana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Laboratorio de Genética y Mutagenesis Ambiental; Argentin

Association between telomere length, frailty and death in older adults.

Frailty is considered a clinical marker of functional ageing. Telomere length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of biological age but its role in human ageing is controversial. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the longitudinal association of TL with incident frailty and mortality in two cohorts of Spanish community–dwelling older adults. TL was determined at baseline in blood samples from older adults included in Toledo Study for Healthy Aging and ENRICA cohorts while frailty was determined by frailty phenotype (FP) at baseline and at follow-up (3.5 years). Deaths occurring during follow-up were also recorded. Associations of TL with frailty and mortality were analysed by logistic regression with progressive adjustment. Data were separately analysed in the two cohorts and in all subjects by performing a meta-analysis. TL was not different between frail and non-frail subjects. Longer telomeres were not associated with lower risk of prevalent frailty. Similarly, TL at baseline failed to predict incident frailty (OR: 1.04 [0.88–1.23]) or even the development of a new FP criterion (OR: 0.97 [0.90–1.05]) at follow-up. Lack of association was also observed when analysing the development of specific FP criteria. Finally, while frailty at baseline was significantly associated with higher risk of death at follow-up (OR: 4.08 [1.97–8.43], p < 0.001), TL did not significantly change the mortality risk (OR: 1.05 [0.94–1.16]). Results show that TL does not predict incident frailty or mortality in older adults. This suggests that TL is not a reliable biomarker of functional age.post-print660 K

Integrating digital reference services into library management: experiences based on Koha

  The digital environment and information and communication technologies open up new ways of providing library services, including the reference service, the principal aim of which is to address users’ queries and information needs. Putting the reference service in place in this new environment requires redesigning the policies, procedures and resources applied to it and therefore an analysis of the services and functions of the computing tools available must be undertaken. Integrated library management systems which involve multiple functionalities for delivering services, or which expand the capacity for their delivery, must also respond to the requirements for putting this type of service in place. This article sets out the results obtained in a study carried out on several examples of integrating new reference services into a library management system (Koha), which not only enables these services to be delivered but also expands the options for using the data for their improvement and development