Embryonic dormancy in seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach-palm)

Bactris gasipaes is a domesticated palm whose fruits are of great importance for the Amazonian people and whose heart of palm is also receiving economic interest in other brazilian and Latin America regions. The aim of this study was verify embryonic dormancy and its correlation with first cataphyll emergence in B. gasipaes seeds collected from four plants at Manaus city and four others at Coari city, both in the Amazonas state, Brazil. After extraction and cleaning, some of the seeds (4 replications of 25 per plant) were sown in a seedbed with a sawdust and sand mixture as substrate, and embryos (4 replications of 10 per plant), after extraction, were inoculated into half strength Murashige and Skoog cultures. Were used 100 seeds and 40 embryo per treatment. Whole seed and embryo germination varied between the different source plants and locations, with the greatest difference observed for the emergence of first cataphyll from seeds in the seedbed. For the most part of variables, results of seed and embryo were positively associated, namely, as one went up the other also, and vice versa. These results suggesting that, at least in part, seed dormancy in Bactris gasipaes is associated with embryonic dormancy. © 2017, Associacao Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes. All rights reserved

Magnetocaloric effect in spin-1/2 XXXX chains with three-spin interactions

We consider the exactly solvable spin-1/2 $XX$ chain with the three-spin interactions of the $XZX+YZY$ and $XZY-YZX$ types in an external (transverse) magnetic field. We calculate the entropy and examine the magnetocaloric effect for the quantum spin system. We discuss a relation between the cooling/heating efficiency and the ground-state phase diagram of the quantum spin model. We also compare ability to cool/heat in the vicinity of the quantum critical and triple points. Moreover, we examine the magnetocaloric effect for the spin-1/2 $XX$ chain with three-spin interactions in a random (Lorentzian) transverse magnetic field.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Outbreak of Tinea capitis by Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis in Niterói, RJ, Brazil

18 girls from an orphanage (Orfanato Santo Antônio) in Niterói presented tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans (15 cases - 83.3%) and Microsporum canis (3 cases - 26.7%). Comments are made about clinical, mycological and therapeutic aspects of this microepidem

Nitrogen doses and weed control via intercropping with gliricidia for corn production

Many studies have demonstrated the beneficial influence of nitrogen doses on corn dry grain yield and green ear yield. Due to a growing concern with environmental degradation, many agricultural practices, adopted in the past, are being reexamined. With regard to weed control, strategies that employ mechanical control, including intercrops, are being the object of renewed interest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg N ha-1; as ammonium sulfate) and weed control on the growth, green ear yield, and grain yield of the AG 1051 corn cultivar. A randomized block experimental design with split-plots and nine replications was adopted. In addition to nitrogen rates, the AG 1051 cultivar was submitted to the following treatments, applied to subplots: no weeding, two hoeings (at 20 and 40 days after sowing), and intercropping with gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium). Gliricidia was sowed at corn planting, between the corn rows, using two seedlings per pit, in pits spaced 0.30 m apart. Gliricidia did not provide weed control, and gave plant growth, green ear yield and grain yield values similar to the no weeding treatment. However, regarding the number of mature ears got, intercropping with gliricidia did not differ from the two-hoeing treatment. Weed control did not have an effect on plant height and number of marketable, husked green ears, with the application of 120 kg N ha-1; indicating that nitrogen improved the corn's competitive ability. The two-hoeing treatment provided the best means for total green ears weight, number of marketable husked ears, both unhusked and husked marketable ear weight, grain yield and its components than the other treatments. Nitrogen application increased corn growth, green ear yield, and grain yield, as well as weed green biomass, but reduced the stand and growth of gliricidia

Use Of Natural Coagulants Based On Moringa Oleifera And Tannin As Filter Aids For Non-woven Synthetics Fabrics [uso De Coagulantes Naturais à Base De Moringa Oleifera E Tanino Como Auxiliares Da Filtração Em Geotêxtil Sintético Não Tecido]

Natural coagulants such as Moringa oleifera and tannin can be used in water treatment systems aiming to remove turbidity. Raw water with turbidity range from 101 to 110 NTU was simulated in laboratory tests, and treated using M. oleifera and tannin as coagulants. Coagulated and flocculated water was filtered directly through non-woven synthetics fabrics. Different methods of coagulating solution preparation were evaluated based on M. oleifera. Both coagulant behavior were also compared with respect to turbidity removal and their influence on treated water pH alteration. Comparison results for the two coagulants showed that tannin (Tanfloc SG), since it was an industrialized standardized product, presented a more stable behavior throughout filtration as compared to M. oleifera. Although variations in turbidity occurred during filtration with M. oleifera, there was a considerable reduction in this parameter, which remained below 5 NTU in all trials. Therefore, M. oleifera is feasible when considering turbidity reduction.344780788Ali, E.N., Muyibi, S.A., Salleh, H.M., Alam, M.Z., Salleh, M.R.M., Production of natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seed for application in treatment of low turbidity water (2010) Journal Water Resource and Protection, 2, pp. 259-266. , Irvine(2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, , 21th ed. WashingtonArantes, C.C., Ribeiro, T.A.P., Paterniani, J.E.S., Processamento de sementes de Moringa oleifera utilizando-se diferentes equipamentos para obtenção de solução coagulante (2012) Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 16 (6), pp. 661-666. , Campina GrandeBeltrán-Heredia, J., Sánchez-Martín, J., Improvement of water treatment pilot plant with Moringa oleifera extract as flocculant agent (2009) Environmental Technology, 30 (6), pp. 525-534. , http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09593330902831176, London, maio. Acesso em: 12 dez 2011Beltrán-Heredia, J., Sánchez-Martín, J., Dávila-Acedo, M.A., Optimization of the synthesis of a new coagulant from a tannin extract (2011) Journal of Hazardous Materials, 186, pp. 1704-1712. , http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21237560, Amsterdam. Acesso em: 20 nov 2013Franco, M., Silva, G.K., Paterniani, J.E.S., Water treatment by multistage filtration system with natural coagulant from Moringa oleifera seeds (2012) Engenharia Agrícola, 32 (5), pp. 989-997. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0100-69162012000500018&script=sci_arttext, Jaboticabal, set./out. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2013Graham, N., Gang, F., Fowler, G., Watts, M., Characterisation and coagulation performace of tannin-based cationic polymer: A preliminary assessment (2008) Colloids and Surface. A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 327 (1), pp. 9-16. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775708003750, Amsterdam. Acesso em: 12 dez. 2011(2011) Censo demográfico 2010-Características da população e dos domicílios - Resultados do universo, p. 270. , Rio de JaneiroMatos, A.T., Cabanellas, C.F.G., Cecon, P.R., Brasil, M.S., Mudado, C.S., Efeito da concentração de coagulantes e do pH da solução na turbidez da água, em recirculação, utilizada no processamento dos frutos do cafeeiro (2007) Engenharia Agrícola, 27 (2), pp. 544-551. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162007000300025, Jaboticabal, maio/ago. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2013Ndabigengesere, A., Narasiah, K.S., Influence of parameters on turbitidy removal by coagulation with Moringa oleifera seeds (1996) Environmental Technology, 7 (10), pp. 1103-1112. , LondonPaterniani, J.E.S., Ribeiro, T.A.P., Mantovani, M.C., Sant'Anna, M.R., Water treatment by sedimentation and slow fabric filtration using Moringa oleifera seeds (2010) African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (11), pp. 1256-1263Poumaye, N., Mabingui, J., Lutgen, P., Bigan, M., Contribution to the clarification of surface water from the Moringa oleifera: Case M'Poko River to Bangui, Central African Republic (2012) Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 90, pp. 2346-2352. , ElmsfordPritchard, M., Craven, T., Mkandawire, T., Edmondson, A.S., O'Neill, J.G., A study of the parameters affecting the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera in drinking water purification (2010) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 35 (13-14), pp. 791-797. , http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147470651000149X, Oxford. Acesso em: 18 set 2011Sánchez-Martín, J., González-Velasco, M., Beltrán-Heredia, J., Acacia mearnsii de wild tannin-based flocculant in surface water treatment (2009) Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 29 (2), pp. 119-135. , http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02773810902796146, Beijing. Acesso em: 10 jan 2012Silva, F.J.A., Matos, J.E.X., Sobre dispersões de Moringa oleifera para tratamento de água (2008) Revista Tecnologia, 29, pp. 157-163. , Fortaleza(2011) Catálogo - TANFLOC SG, , http://www.tanac.com.br/PT/upload/produtos/CT_TANFLOC_SG_PT.pdf, Acesso em: 30 nov 2011Vieira, A.M.S., Vieira, M.F., Silva, G.F., Araújo, A.A., Fagundes-Klen, M.R., Veit, M.T., Bergamasco, R., Use of Moringa oleifera seed as natural adsorbent for wastewater treatment (2010) Water Airf Soil Pollution, 206, pp. 273-281. , http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-009-0104-y, Dordrecht. Acesso em: 21 nov. 201