Synthesis and Characterization of copper oxide(II) nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal process

تم استخدام طريقة الهدرجة الحرارية لتحضير جسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية , يمكن تحضير جسيمات النحاس النانوية بدون استخدام المذيبات العضوية او مواد غالية الثمن بأستخدام الهدرجة الحرارية. حيود الاشعة السينية أكد بان جسيمات النحاس النانوية ذات تركيب احادي الميل , مع حجم حبيبي 20nm , كما ان التحليل بأستخدام مجهر القوة الذرية اوضح بأن قطر الحجم الحبيبي هو في ضمن المدى النانوي . التحليل بواسطة طيف ( FTIR )اكدت لنا بأن التركيب هو اوكسيد النحاس كما ان خصائص نمط الاهتزاز لأوكسجين-  نحاس تم تأكيده. تم دراسة الخواص البصرية بأستخدام الطيف المرئي للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والتي اوضحت بأن جسيمات النحاس تمتلك انحراف بأتجاه المنطقة المسماة (blue shift) , حيث تمتلك فجوة عالية طاقة (  (4.9eV, وان هذا ربما يعود الى تأثير الحصر الكمي لجسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية.Hydrothermal process was  used to prepare CuO nanoparticles. CuO nanoparticles can be prepare without organic solvents, expensive raw materials by a hydrothermal method. XRD diffraction reveals that CuO nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure with particle size 20nm ,  and AFM analysis showed that the diameter of the Grain size is in a nanometer range. The analysis by FTIR spectra assure that the composition was CuO, and the  features of vibrational types of Cu–O were fixed. also the optical properties was analysed with UV–vis showed that  CuO nano particles have considerable a blue shift  , which have aband gab equal to (4.9 eV ) , and this is because the effect of quntum confienment of prepared CuO nano particles

Synthesis and Characterization of copper oxide(II) nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal process

تم استخدام طريقة الهدرجة الحرارية لتحضير جسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية , يمكن تحضير جسيمات النحاس النانوية بدون استخدام المذيبات العضوية او مواد غالية الثمن بأستخدام الهدرجة الحرارية. حيود الاشعة السينية أكد بان جسيمات النحاس النانوية ذات تركيب احادي الميل , مع حجم حبيبي 20nm , كما ان التحليل بأستخدام مجهر القوة الذرية اوضح بأن قطر الحجم الحبيبي هو في ضمن المدى النانوي . التحليل بواسطة طيف ( FTIR )اكدت لنا بأن التركيب هو اوكسيد النحاس كما ان خصائص نمط الاهتزاز لأوكسجين-  نحاس تم تأكيده. تم دراسة الخواص البصرية بأستخدام الطيف المرئي للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والتي اوضحت بأن جسيمات النحاس تمتلك انحراف بأتجاه المنطقة المسماة (blue shift) , حيث تمتلك فجوة عالية طاقة (  (4.9eV, وان هذا ربما يعود الى تأثير الحصر الكمي لجسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية.     Hydrothermal process was  used to prepare CuO nanoparticles. CuO nanoparticles can be prepare without organic solvents, expensive raw materials by a hydrothermal method. XRD diffraction reveals that CuO nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure with particle size 20nm ,  and AFM analysis showed that the diameter of the Grain size is in a nanometer range. The analysis by FTIR spectra assure that the composition was CuO, and the  features of vibrational types of Cu–O were fixed. also the optical properties was analysed with UV–vis showed that  CuO nano particles have considerable a blue shift  , which have aband gab equal to (4.9 eV ) , and this is because the effect of quntum confienment of prepared CuO nano particles

Pressurized CF3I-CO2 gas mixture under lightning impulse and its solid by-products

This paper describes tests results on the CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures as an alternative for SF6 gas as to be used as insulating medium in high voltage applications. Pressurized CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures are subject under standard lightning impulse voltages at both positive and negative polarities. Under rod-plane configuration, the electrode gap length and gas pressure are varied accordingly. Upon completion of the laboratory tests, SEM and EDX analyses are carried out to assess the solid by-products. It was found that higher gas mixtures provide better insulation strength. In terms of weight, 50% of the solid by-product is found to be iodine

Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Africa and the Middle East, despite year-round sunny days

Exposure to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet B (UVB), is essential for cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. Despite significant daily sunlight availability in Africa and the Middle East, persons living in these regions are frequently vitamin D insufficient or deficient. Vitamin D insufficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) between 15 and 20 ng/mL (37.5 - 50 nmol/L)) has been described in various population groups, ranging from 5% to 80%. Risk factors include traditional dress and avoidance of sunlight exposure, and multiple dietary factors as a result of specific cultural beliefs. Vitamin D resistance due to calcium deficiency mechanisms has been described in similar population groups, which may lead to hypovitaminosis D. Should the new diseases related to hypovitaminosis D prove to be truly associated, Africa and the Middle East will become an epicentre for many of these conditions. Urgent attention will need to be paid to cultural dress and dietary behaviours if hypovitaminosis D is to be taken seriously. Should such factors not be correctable, new strategies for supplementation or food fortification will have to be devised.http://www.samj.org.zaam201

A Helicity-Based Method to Infer the CME Magnetic Field Magnitude in Sun and Geospace: Generalization and Extension to Sun-Like and M-Dwarf Stars and Implications for Exoplanet Habitability

Patsourakos et al. (Astrophys. J. 817, 14, 2016) and Patsourakos and Georgoulis (Astron. Astrophys. 595, A121, 2016) introduced a method to infer the axial magnetic field in flux-rope coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the solar corona and farther away in the interplanetary medium. The method, based on the conservation principle of magnetic helicity, uses the relative magnetic helicity of the solar source region as input estimates, along with the radius and length of the corresponding CME flux rope. The method was initially applied to cylindrical force-free flux ropes, with encouraging results. We hereby extend our framework along two distinct lines. First, we generalize our formalism to several possible flux-rope configurations (linear and nonlinear force-free, non-force-free, spheromak, and torus) to investigate the dependence of the resulting CME axial magnetic field on input parameters and the employed flux-rope configuration. Second, we generalize our framework to both Sun-like and active M-dwarf stars hosting superflares. In a qualitative sense, we find that Earth may not experience severe atmosphere-eroding magnetospheric compression even for eruptive solar superflares with energies ~ 10^4 times higher than those of the largest Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) X-class flares currently observed. In addition, the two recently discovered exoplanets with the highest Earth-similarity index, Kepler 438b and Proxima b, seem to lie in the prohibitive zone of atmospheric erosion due to interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), except when they possess planetary magnetic fields that are much higher than that of Earth.Comment: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SoPh..292...89

Social roles and aging from a life-span perspective

Este trabalho investigou os papéis sociais e as tarefas evolutivas desempenhados por adultos. O local escolhido para investigação foi um assentamento de famílias de baixa renda do Distrito Federal criado em 1989. Utilizou-se um questionário contendo 17 questões abertas e 15 questões fechadas, preenchido pela primeira autora durante uma visita domiciliar. Participaram 98 respondentes (73 F e 25 M), sendo 51 entre 50 e 59 anos e 47 a partir de 60 anos. Os resultados apontaram que este grupo é heterogêneo e que seus papéis sociais são influenciados pelas variáveis demográficas (idade, sexo, escolaridade, ocupação, naturalidade e estado civil) e também pelas variáveis relativas à moradia atual. Concluiu-se também que as expectativas sociais, o suporte social e a escolarização são fatores de suma importância para oferecer recursos para a otimização e compensação necessárias a um envelhecimento bem sucedido. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis study investigated the social roles and developmental tasks of adults. The study took place in a settlement of low-income families, created in The Federal District in 1989. Data were collected through a questionnaire composed of 17 open and 15 closed questions, administered by the first author during a home visit. There were 98 respondents, 73 female and 25 male, being 51 between 50 to 59 years old and 47 elders above the age of 60. The result indicated that this group is heterogeneous and that its social roles are influenced by the demographic variables - age, sex, educational level, work, place of the birth and marital status, as well for the relative variables to current residence. The data allow the conclusion that social expectations, social support and the educational level are important resources for the optimization and necessary compensation to successful aging

An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types