Elements of the industrial operation model in the Iranian construction industry

Abstract. The construction industry is notorious for its conservatism and low levels of productivity. During the previous decade, this industry lagged behind other efficient and profitable industries, such as the automobile industry, and was slow to adopt its best practices. The rate of development in this industry is not very encouraging. This research aims to adopt best practices and efficient systems from other industries into the construction industry. This research aims to create a model for a case study of Iranian construction companies to achieve the objective of a productive construction industry. In this study, several important Iranian construction companies that mostly operate as contractors were chosen for the case study. The author prepared the semi-structured interview to collect empirical data. The interview topic and questions were derived from a survey of the relevant research literature to determine the main elements of the industrial operation model (IOM). Following the interview, the data was evaluated to illustrate the existing status of Iranian construction companies, and then a model was developed for IOM. The data indicate that Iranian construction companies are well behind other industries, such as automotive, in terms of industrial operation model and productivity. The research reveals the limited product lifecycle engagement, simple portfolio management, limited data strategy, lack of advanced visualization, and marketing and sales processes. This study employs empirical data to establish a methodology for Iranian construction companies to maximize their IOM benefits. In the created model, construction companies are present throughout the product lifecycle, from the feasibility study through the sale, marketing, and operation stage. According to this model, organizations could profit from improved alliance contracts, more income from more work, effective data strategy and knowledge management, and enhanced production processes. To accomplish this, they must reorganize their business operations and place greater emphasis on portfolio management, data strategy, and marketing and sales processes, resulting in enhanced productization

Alternative institutional arrangements for contract farming in poultry production in Bangladesh and their impacts on equity

Also available in the ILRI Repository on Livestock Research at http://hdl.handle.net/10568/217Livestock Production/Industries,

A Digital Image Watermarking Method in the Discrete Cosine Transformation Domain

In this paper, a watermarking method has been proposed based on Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT) which can be used in order to protect copyrighting and to provide right of image ownership. In this method, the original image transferred to DCT domain after dividing into non-overlapped blocks 8×8 and to the same method, watermark image which can be whether a firm mark or any desired image from owner of the art work, after dividing into non-overlapped blocks 4×4, transferred to DCT domain. Watermark image coefficients after one step coding composed with low frequency coefficients of original image and create the final watermark image. On the other hand, the process of reforming watermarked image and extracting the original watermark on the secondary side is extractable by using original image and with reverse mechanism. Experiments show that this method in encountering with a number of routine attacks has a good resistance

Environmental and energy performances optimization of a neighborhood in Tehran, via IMM® methodology.

Due to the fact that urbanization, as a dominating global development process, has been reached a dramatic measure, series of questions have been arisen about its environmental impacts. The urbanization soaring rate, which its impetus has been provided by unprecedented population growth, has had serious of direct consequences such as inconceivable and unbalanced consumption of natural resources and global warming rate acceleration. In such a dramatic circumstances how urban planning and governance could contribute to climate mitigation and emissions reduction? How urban vulnerability and urban resilience should be managed? Again, how urban transformation should be propelled in order to address these challenges. To demonstrate that sustainability and environmental efficiency is an urban issue this paper shows the application of IMM® (Integrated Modification Methodology) on Shahrak-e Golestan, a newly settled neighborhood located in District 22 of Tehran. Forming this neighborhood for accommodating a part of city’s growing population is a well representative of the common developing manners in Tehran, therefore the transformed model resulted from the study could be considered as a model for further developments of the other districts

Investigating the role of religious beliefs of people interacting with the environment : a case of Iranian students at Muslim universities

Undoubtedly, environmental damage is one of the most important challenges facing contemporary human beings. This is important because the signs that threaten this damage have now become apparent, threatening humans with widespread environmental pollution. On the other hand, humanity will not be able to live a normal life without a safe and healthy environment. Therefore, preservation and protection of the environment, as the most important basic needs of survival, are considered by everyone, including researchers. As a consequence, various studies aim to identify the factors that play a role in how humans and the environment interact. To this end, the present study considered the comprehensiveness of Islam and paid attention to all human needs, and intended to examine the role of religious beliefs on how to interact with the environment. It is worth mentioning that the statistical population of this study comprised 387 Iranian Muslim students (from different Islamic religions) from different universities in Iran. After the distribution of standardised research questionnaires whose validity and reliability was confirmed, the collected data were analysed by statistical software. Finally, the results concluded the following: (1) The investigated statistical population pledged and bonded to religious instructions, (2) the investigated statistical population had an appropriate interaction with the environment and (3) the obligation and pledge to religious beliefs had a positive and significant role in people interacting with the environment so that people with strong religious beliefs had a more appropriate interaction with the environment, in opposition to people with less religious beliefs whose interaction with the environment was not apt. CONTRIBUTION: This research provides further insight into the relations between Theology, religious beliefs and the interaction of people with the environment.http://www.hts.org.zapm2021Dogmatics and Christian Ethic

Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Jual Beli Dengan Menggunakan L/C (Letter Of Credit) Pada PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk : 1) Mengetahui prosedur pembayaran dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian jual beli dengan menggunakan Irrevocable Letter of Credit. 2) Mengetahui hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta dalam pelaksanaan pembayaran dengan menggunakan Irrevocable Letter of Credit. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris. Spesifikasi penelitian dalam penulisan hukum ini adalah bersifat deskriptif analitis. Jenis datanya berupa data primer dan sekunder, yang terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Metode analisis data yang dipergunakan adalah analisis data deduktif. Metode deduktif adalah suatu metode penarikan kesimpulan dari hal-hal yang bersifat umum menuju penulisan yang bersifat khusus. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan: 1) Prosedur pembayaran dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian jual beli dengan menggunakan Irrevocable Letter of Credit di PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta menggunakan wesel sebagai alat pembayaran, dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: a) PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta (eksportir) mengirimkan barang kepada importir melalui maskapai pelayaran, selanjutnya mengirimkan dokumen pengiriman kepada importir dan memberitahukan adanya penarikan wesel. b) PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta mendatangi bank penerus dengan membawa wesel yang sudah dilampiri dokumen pengiriman, yang selanjutnya bank penerus dalam hal ini PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia membayar kepada PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta selaku eksportir. c) Selanjutnya bank penerus yaitu PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia mengirimkan wesel tersebut kepada bank yang ada di negara tempat importir tinggal. Dengan diterimanya wesel, bank pembuka yang ada di luar negeri akan membayar kepada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia. Pembayaran tidak dilakukan dengan cara mengirimkan uang, tapi hanya dalam bentuk pencatatan saldo. d) Langkah terakhir, bank yang ada di luar negeri (bank pembuka) menagih kepada importir. Apabila importir memiliki rekening di bank pembuka maka bank pembuka tinggal mengurangi jumlah yang tersimpan di rekeningnya. 2) Hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta dalam pelaksanaan pembayaran dengan menggunakan Irrevocable Letter of Credit, adalah terjadi penyimpangan dokumen yang seringkali menghambat dan menyita waktu. Penyimpangan yang terjadi disebabkan antara lain oleh: kekurangtelitian staff pegawai dalam membuat dokumen menyebabkan kesalahan pengetikan dalam dokumen-dokumen yang disyaratkan dalam L/C. Namun apabila PT. Batik Danar Hadi Surakarta dapat memenuhi semua ketentuan dalam cara pembayaran L/C maupun dokumen B/L yang diminta maka tidak ada permasalahan yang menghambat

Revisiting the role of the resource curse in shaping institutions and growth

This paper examines the effect of natural resource dependence on growth in a cross-country setting during 1970 to 2010, first accounting for the effect of resource export dependence on institutional development. We employ several political and governance indicators, numerous econometric techniques on two separate panels, including one post-cold war. Our findings suggest there is a resource curse adversely effecting growth via institutional deterioration in the longer term (1970-2010), but recently (1995-2012) there is a reversal of this adverse effect on some institutions. Moreover, certain institutions matter more for growth, including governance and constraints on the executive relative to democracy

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF THE PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN IN CREATIVITY DEVELOPMENT OF SIXTH-GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE FOURTH DISTRICT OF TEHRAN

Abstract. The aim of this study is to investigate the Impact of the implementation of the (teaching childrenphilosophy) programon creativity development of sixth-grade elementary school students in Tehran's Fourth District. This research was carried out using a semi-experimental method and using the design of the preliminary and final tests with the control group. The statistical population of this study was all sixth-grademale students of the fourth district of Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019. Of them, 60 students were selected by cluster multistage sampling. (30 in control and 30in experimental groups). After conducting the training course, Abedi's creativity test was used in order to collect data and toanalyze the data, student’s t-test method was used for dependent groups. In general, the findings of this study confirmed the validity and reliability of the philosophy program for children in creativity development and its four main components: Fluency, elaboration, Originality,and flexibility.Keyword: Creativity, philosophy for children, the research community, creative thinking

Exosomal microRNAs in breast cancer and their potential in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment prediction

The significance of exosomal microRNAs (EmiRs) in breast cancer (BC) diagnosis has been widely addressed over the past decades. However, little information is still available regarding these reliable biomarkers’ impacts on BC early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcome predictions, but their great potential in spotting BC early and their predictive essence in BC prognosis and treatment results are promising against this common cancer. The present review focuses on the most recent findings and advancements of EmiRs applications in BC early diagnosis and treatment prediction and identifies current helpful EmiRs that are widely used in this regard

Tinjauan Hukum Tentang Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Yang Menyebabkan Meninggal Dunia Tanpa Kesengajaan (Studi Komparatif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam)

The development of transportation in Indonesia is very rapid, the increasing rate of development of transportation has positive and negative impacts. the positive impact makes it easier for humans and the negative impact is the increasing number of road accidents, especially land transportation. There are three types of traffic accidents, namely: Minor Accidents, Moderate Accidents, and Major Accidents. One of the traffic accident factors that result in death is negligence. This study uses a normative approach (legal research), namely the process of finding a rule of law to answer the legal issues at hand, this research uses a qualitative approach. This research is a library research, the source of data is from primary, secondary and tertiary law materials. The conclusions of this study were carried out by using normative methods. The results of this study form the rule of law for the accountability of traffic accident perpetrators based on article 310 paragraph 4 of the Criminal Code Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation is a 6 year prison sentence and a fine of 12 million rupiah. And according to the view of Islam Murder is unlawful. There are three types of murder, namely: intentional, semi-intentional and wrongful killing. Traffic accidents that died due to negligence including culpable homicide. The responsibility of the perpetrator of the wrongful murder is to pay the mukhofafah and expiation according to Q.S An-Nisa' verse 9