125 research outputs found
Supersymmetric WZW Model on Full and Half Plane
We study classical integrability of the supersymmetric U(N) model
with the Wess-Zumino-Witten term on full and half plane. We demonstrate the
existence of nonlocal conserved currents of the model and derive general
recursion relations for the infinite number of the corresponding charges in a
superfield framework. The explicit form of the first few supersymmetric charges
are constructed. We show that the considered model is integrable on full plane
as a concequence of the conservation of the supersymmetric charges. Also, we
study the model on half plane with free boundary, and examine the conservation
of the supersymmetric charges on half plane and find that they are conserved as
a result of the equations of motion and the free boundary condition. As a
result, the model on half plane with free boundary is integrable. Finally, we
conclude the paper and some features and comments are presented.Comment: 12 pages. submitted to IJMP
The Smith Cloud: high-velocity accretion and dark-matter confinement
The Smith Cloud is a massive system of metal-poor neutral and ionized gas
M_gas >= 2x10^6 M_sun) that is presently moving at high velocity (V_GSR ~300 km
s^-1) with respect to the Galaxy at a distance of 12 kpc from the Sun. The
kinematics of the cloud's cometary tail indicates that the gas is in the
process of accretion onto the Galaxy, as first discussed by Lockman et al.
(2008). Here, we re-investigate the cloud's orbit by considering the
possibility that the cloud is confined by a dark matter halo. This is required
for the cloud to survive its passage through the Galactic corona. We consider
three possible models for the dark matter halo (NFW, Einasto, Burkert)
including the effects of tidal disruption and ram-pressure stripping during the
cloud's infall onto and passage through the Galactic disk. For the NFW and
Einasto dark-matter models, we are able to determine reasonable initial
conditions for the Smith Cloud, although this is only marginally possible with
the Burkert model. For all three models, the progenitor had an initial
(gas+dark matter) mass that was an order of magnitude higher than inferred
today. In agreement with Lockman et al. (2008), the cloud appears to have
punched through the disk ~70 Myr ago. For our most successful models, the
baryon to dark matter ratio is fairly constant during an orbital period but
drops by a factor of 2-5 after transiting the disk. The cloud appears to have
only marginally survived its transit, and is unlikely to retain its integrity
during the next transit ~30 Myr from now.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. ApJ, accepte
Quantum statistical properties of the Jaynes-Cummings model in the presence of a classical homogeneous gravitational field
The temporal evolution of quantum statistical properties of an interacting
atom-radiation field system in the presence of a classical homogeneous
gravitational field is investigated within the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings
model. To analyse the dynamical evolution of the atom-radiation system a
quantum treatment of the internal and external dynamics of the atom is
presented based on an alternative su(2) dynamical algebraic structure. By
solving the Schr\"{o}dinger equation in the interaction picture, the evolving
state of the system is found by which the influence of the gravitational field
on the dynamical behavior of the atom-radiation system is explored. Assuming
that initially the radiation field is prepared in a coherent state and the
two-level atom is in a coherent superposition of the excited and ground states,
the influence of gravity on the collapses and revivals of the atomic population
inversion, atomic dipole squeezing, atomic momentum diffusion, photon counting
statistics and quadrature squeezing of the radiation field is studied.Comment: 21 page
Dispersionless limit of the noncommutative potential KP hierarchy and solutions of the pseudodual chiral model in 2+1 dimensions
The usual dispersionless limit of the KP hierarchy does not work in the case
where the dependent variable has values in a noncommutative (e.g. matrix)
algebra. Passing over to the potential KP hierarchy, there is a corresponding
scaling limit in the noncommutative case, which turns out to be the hierarchy
of a `pseudodual chiral model' in 2+1 dimensions (`pseudodual' to a hierarchy
extending Ward's (modified) integrable chiral model). Applying the scaling
procedure to a method generating exact solutions of a matrix (potential) KP
hierarchy from solutions of a matrix linear heat hierarchy, leads to a
corresponding method that generates exact solutions of the matrix
dispersionless potential KP hierarchy, i.e. the pseudodual chiral model
hierarchy. We use this result to construct classes of exact solutions of the
su(m) pseudodual chiral model in 2+1 dimensions, including various multiple
lump configurations.Comment: 37 pages, 10 figures, 2nd version: some extensions (Fig 3, Appendix
A, additional references), 3rd version: some minor changes, additional
reference
Degenerate Rotating Black Holes, Chiral CFTs and Fermi Surfaces I - Analytic Results for Quasinormal Modes
In this work we discuss charged rotating black holes in
that degenerate to extremal black holes with zero entropy. These black holes
have scaling properties between charge and angular momentum similar to those of
Fermi surface operators in a subsector of SYM. We add a
massless uncharged scalar to the five dimensional supergravity theory, such
that it still forms a consistent truncation of the type IIB ten dimensional
supergravity and analyze its quasinormal modes. Separating the equation of
motion to a radial and angular part, we proceed to solve the radial equation
using the asymptotic matching expansion method applied to a Heun equation with
two nearby singularities. We use the continued fraction method for the angular
Heun equation and obtain numerical results for the quasinormal modes. In the
case of the supersymmetric black hole we present some analytic results for the
decay rates of the scalar perturbations. The spectrum of quasinormal modes
obtained is similar to that of a chiral 1+1 CFT, which is consistent with the
conjectured field-theoretic dual. In addition, some of the modes can be found
analytically.Comment: 41 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX; v2: typos corrected, references adde
Investigating longitudinal associations between parent reported sleep in early childhood and teacher reported executive functioning in school-aged children with autism
Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep disturbance. Poor sleep impairs executive functioning (EF), a lifelong difficulty in ASD. Evidence suggests EF difficulties in ASD are exacerbated by poor sleep. We examine whether early childhood sleep disturbances are associated with worsening EF trajectories in school-aged children with ASD. A subsample (n = 217) from the Pathways in ASD longitudinal study was analyzed. The Childrenâs Sleep Habits Questionnaire captured sleep duration, onset, and night awakenings before age 5 (mean = 3.5 years). Metacognition (MI) and Behavioral Regulation (BRI) indices, on the Teacher Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, were used to measure cognitive and affective components of EF respectively at four time-points (7.8â11.8 years). We applied latent growth curve models to examine associations between sleep and EF, accounting for relevant covariates, including school-age sleep (mean = 6.7 years). Sleep traits had different age-related impacts on behavioral regulation, but not metacognition. Longer sleep onset at 3.5 years was associated with a worsening BRI difficulties slope (b = 2.07, p < 0.04), but conversely associated with lower BRI difficulties at 7.7 years (b = â4.14, p = 0.04). A longer sleep onset at 6.7 years was related to higher BRI difficulties at 7.7 years (b = 7.78, p < 0.01). Longer sleep duration at 6.7 years was associated with higher BRI difficulties at age 7.7 (b = 3.15, p = 0.01), but subscale analyses revealed shorter sleep duration at age 6.7 was linked to a worsening inhibition slope (b = â0.60, p = 0.01). Sleep onset is a robust early correlate of behavior regulation in children with ASD, whereas sleep duration is a later childhood correlate
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A longitudinal comparison of emotional, behavioral and attention problems in autistic and typically developing children
Background Mental health problems are elevated in autistic individuals but there is limited evidence on the developmental course of problems across childhood. We compare the level and growth of anxious-depressed, behavioral and attention problems in an autistic and typically developing (TD) cohort. Methods Latent growth curve models were applied to repeated parent-report Child Behavior Checklist data from age 2â10 years in an inception cohort of autistic children (Pathways, N = 397; 84% boys) and a general population TD cohort (Wirral Child Health and Development Study; WCHADS; N = 884, 49% boys). Percentile plots were generated to quantify the differences between autistic and TD children. Results Autistic children showed elevated levels of mental health problems, but this was substantially reduced by accounting for IQ and sex differences between the autistic and TD samples. There was small differences in growth patterns; anxious-depressed problems were particularly elevated at preschool and attention problems at late childhood. Higher family income predicted lower base-level on all three dimensions, but steeper increase of anxious-depressed problems. Higher IQ predicted lower level of attention problems and faster decline over childhood. Female sex predicted higher level of anxious-depressed and faster decline in behavioral problems. Social-affect autism symptom severity predicted elevated level of attention problems. Autistic girls' problems were particularly elevated relative to their same-sex non-autistic peers. Conclusions Autistic children, and especially girls, show elevated mental health problems compared to TD children and there are some differences in predictors. Assessment of mental health should be integrated into clinical practice for autistic children
The challenges experienced by parents when parenting a child with hearing loss within a South African context
The purpose of the current study was to explore the challenges
experienced by hearing parents when parenting a child with
hearing loss. Using a qualitative purposive sampling design,
interviews were conducted with 13 parents (9 mothers, 4
fathers) residing in Cape Town, South Africa. Four salient themes
emerged, namely: 1) communication is difficult, hard, and frustrating; 2) lack of knowledge and information about hearing loss
makes it difficult to parent; 3) little or no support makes for
a lonely journey; and 4) support identified by parents for parents. The findings of the study have important implications for
collaboration and partnerships between parents and health and
family practitioners within South Africa for the design and
development of supportive interventions for parents parenting
a child with hearing loss
A lower bound on the mass of Dark Matter particles
We discuss the bounds on the mass of Dark Matter (DM) particles, coming from
the analysis of DM phase-space distribution in dwarf spheroidal galaxies
(dSphs). After reviewing the existing approaches, we choose two methods to
derive such a bound. The first one depends on the information about the current
phase space distribution of DM particles only, while the second one uses both
the initial and final distributions. We discuss the recent data on dSphs as
well as astronomical uncertainties in relevant parameters. As an application,
we present lower bounds on the mass of DM particles, coming from various dSphs,
using both methods. The model-independent bound holds for any type of fermionic
DM. Stronger, model-dependent bounds are quoted for several DM models (thermal
relics, non-resonantly and resonantly produced sterile neutrinos, etc.). The
latter bounds rely on the assumption that baryonic feedback cannot
significantly increase the maximum of a distribution function of DM particles.
For the scenario in which all the DM is made of sterile neutrinos produced via
non-resonant mixing with the active neutrinos (NRP) this gives m_nrp > 1.7 keV.
Combining these results in their most conservative form with the X-ray bounds
of DM decay lines, we conclude that the NRP scenario remains allowed in a very
narrow parameter window only. This conclusion is independent of the results of
the Lyman-alpha analysis. The DM model in which sterile neutrinos are
resonantly produced in the presence of lepton asymmetry remains viable. Within
the minimal neutrino extension of the Standard Model (the nuMSM), both mass and
the mixing angle of the DM sterile neutrino are bounded from above and below,
which suggests the possibility for its experimental search.Comment: 20 pages, published in JCA
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