Mammary fibroadenoma in a lamb

A fibroadenoma was diagnosed in the left udder of a 3-month-old female Chios lamb. No recurrence was observed after surgery. Grossly, the tumor had a whitish-gray lobular appearance, and the lobules were interlaced with thin septa. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of proliferating fibroepithelial tissue, including differentiated ducts lined by whorls and interlacing bundles of abundant loose fibrovascular stroma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the ductal epithelium to be positive for pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and loose fibrovascular stroma was positive for vimentin and basal cells covering the ductal epithelium of alpha-smooth-muscle actin. Immunostaining for the estrogen and progesterone receptors was negative. A diagnosis of mammary fibroadenoma was made based on the histological and immunohistochemical findings

Systemic toxoplasmosis in a kangaroo (Macropus sp.)

Guvenc, Tolga/0000-0003-1468-3415WOS: 000307987700011This paper describes systemic toxoplasmosis in a brush kangaroo died after diagnosed with chronic diarrhoea in a local zoo. Macroscopically, widespread subcutaneous petechial haemorrhagies, 100 ml sero-sanguineous fluid in the abdominal cavity, many nodular structures on omentum and fat tissues with dilatation in subserosal vessels of gastric and small intestines were observed. Microscopically, necrotic bronchointerstitial pneumonia in the lungs and multiple areas of necroses with pyogranulomatous inflammation in the myocardium, adrenal glands and tunica muscularis of stomach and small intestines were detected. The pancreas and surrounding abdominal adipose tissues had multifocal coalescing acellular necroses conjoined with pyogranulomatous inflammation. Free and/or intracellularly located Toxoplasma gondii-like granular structures showed co-association with necrotic lesions. These granular structures and necrotic areas exhibited strong immunoreactivity to polyclonal anti-T.gondii antibodies whereas reaction was negative for Neospora caninum and Leishmania sp.. Nested-PCR designed to amplify a 97 bp long specific part in B1 gene of T. gondii gave positive results. In conclusion, the first case of systemic toxoplasmosis in a kangaroo from a local zoo in Turkey was diagnosed by detailed histochemical, immunoperoxidase technique and PCR

Insulinoma with regional lymph node metastasis in a dog

In this case, a female boxer dog, 6-year-old, with tonic-clonic convulsions and hind-limb paresis was evaluated. The serum insulin and serum glucose levels were 58 mu U/ml and 5 mg/dl, respectively. In spite of all care, the comatose dog died. At necropsy, one well-circumscribed white-grayish mass, 4x3x2 cm, was found at the caudal edge of right lobe of the pancreas. Subcortical malacic areas in reddish color was seen in the brain. Microscopically, the tumoral mass consisted of neoplastic cells with round shape, basophilic nucleous and granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. In addition to these findings, metastasis to the regional lymph node of the pancreas was observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells from both primary and metastatic tissues showed immunoreactivity to monoclonal mouse anti-insulin antibody. Clinically, histologically and immunohistochemically, functional insulinoma with lymph node metastasis was diagnosed in the present case

Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in cerebellum of dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus

The aim of this study is to investigate of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine (NT) expression in the cerebellum of dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus (CDV), a disease characterized by demyelination in the white matter of the cerebellum. Cerebellum samples collected from naturally infected twenty-three which were 14 acute and 9 chronically infected. with CDV and six non-infected dogs. The presence of CDV infection was confirmed using histopathology and immunohistochemical localization of CDV antigen in glial cells of the white matter of the cerebellum. The CDV infected cerebella were also categorized Luxol Fast Blue staining according to the severity of demyelination as mild (n=7), moderate (n=9), and severe (n=7). The streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique was used to detect immunolocalisation of the CDV antigen, iNOS, NT and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). CDV antigens, immunopositive astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and granular neurons were seen in the white matter of the infected dogs. In the control dogs, iNOS and NT immunopositivity were not seen in the white matter of the cerebellum. In CDV infected dogs, iNOS immunopositivity was observed especially in astrocytes in white matter of cerebellum. The number of iNOS immunopositive astrocytes were significantly higher in chronic cases compared to acute cases of CDV infected dogs (p < 0.05). iNOS immunopositive gemistocytic astrocytes were also immunopositive for NT. iNOS and NT immunopositivity was not detected outside the region of the demyelinated areas. The iNOS immunopositive total cell number was found to be significantly higher in severely affected demyelination areas (p < 0.05). These data indicated that there was a relationship between degrees of the CDV associated with demyelination and the level of iNOS immunopositivity in the glial cells

Characterization of local immune response against lungworms in naturally infected sheep

This study describes the immunohistochemical and histochemical phenotypes of inflammatory cells in sheep lungs infected with lungworms. A total of 20 naturally infected sheep lungs were used. Protostrongylus spp., Muellerius capillaris, Neostrongylus linearis, and Cystocaulus ocreatus were the chief organisms determined from such lesions, which were of a chronic nature. All the lungs had many developmental stages of the parasites and a similar inflammatory response, which included numerous mast cells, eosinophils, T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. In the bronchial and interstitial tissues, the inflammatory cells were dominated by MHCII, CD1, CD4, CD5, CD14, CD21, IgM, and CD172a positive cells, whereas CD2 and WC1 positive cells were detected less. The data provided additional evidence that subsets of inflammatory cells were included within ovine lungs infected with lungworms; however, understanding the entire immune-response process and development of resistance to lungworms in sheep remain to be clearly elucidated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Expression levels of angiogenic growth factors in feline squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the skin in cats. Tumour angiogenesis is the pivotal event for tumour progression and metastasis. We assessed protein and gene expression of angiogenic growth factors including bFGF, VEGF-C, TGF-beta, PDGF-A, PDGF-C and PDGFR-alpha that possibly contribute to the angiogenic phenotype of feline SCC (FSCC) and could, therefore, be a good target in the treatment of SCC. In the present study, a total of 27 FSCC cases were investigated. Tumour cases were histopathologically classified as well differentiated (10/27), moderately differentiated (5/27), and poorly differentiated (12/27). The expression levels of the growth factors were detected using immunohistochemistry and assessed semi-quantitatively. Growth factor expression levels were evaluated at different locations: in the oral region, in areas exposed to solar UV radiation including the ears, eyelids and nasal planum, and other miscellaneous locations. Our findings have revealed that FSCC arising from different anatomical sites of the body and showing differences in aggressiveness, metastasis, and prognosis may be angiogenesis dependent, and angiogenic key regulators could play a role in the development of FSCC