THE STATUS OF RESEARCH FUNDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT THE MODERN STAGE

The topic of the article is the importance and features of science financing in the Russian Federation. The results of a comparison of macroeconomic indicators of science financing in different countries have been presented. The system of indicators used in the Russian statistical practice has been considered. The sources of funding for the sectors of science have been analyzed. Particular attention has been paid to the study of domestic research and development costs in the context of various groups: by ownership, by economic activity, by type of expenditure, by areas of science, technique and technology, by socio-economic goals, areas of economic development and research areas

Photoelectric fields in doped lithium niobate crystals

Photoinduced light scattering (PILS) in nominally pure stoichiometric and congruent lithium niobate single crystals (LiNbO3), and ones doped with B³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mg²⁺, Gd³⁺, Y³⁺, Er³⁺ cations was studied. All crystals have a relatively low effect of photorefraction and are promising materials for frequency conversion, electro-optical modulators and shutters. It was found that the photovoltaic and diffusion fields for some crystals have a maximum at a wavelength of 514.5 nm. All the crystals studied are characterized by a maximum of the integral intensity of the speckle structure of the PILS at a wavelength of 514.5 nm.Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART

Photoelectric Fields and Band Gap in Doped Lithium Niobate Crystals

Photorefractive effect was researched and band gap was determined in nominally pure congruent and stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals, and in a series of congruent LiNbO3 crystals doped by Mg, Zn, B, Gd, Y, Er cations, and LiNbO3 single crystals with double doping Mg:Gd, Mg:Fe, Mg:Y, Mg:Ta by photoinduced light scattering and optical spectroscopy methods. Keywords: lithium niobate single crystal, doping, photorefractive effect, photoinduced light scattering, optical spectroscopy, band ga

INFLUENCE OF THE MEDICAL OZONE ON INTENSITY OF PHENOL MIGRATION FROM PVC MEDICAL INFUSION SET INTO WATER SOLUTION

In article the results of investigating the phenol migration from polyvinyl chloride medical infusion set into contacting water solution were presented. The perfusion of ozonized, physiologic solutions through the medical infusion set extended, in clinical practice can be accompanied, by migration of phenol from a polymeric material with concentration up to 1 mg/l

SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION OF SUBSTANCES WITH KNOWN Au SPECIATION – AN EXPERIMENTAL DATA

A study has been conducted on the features of distriburion of Au among the fractions of a 7-step sequential extraction procedure using model substances that are similar in composition to natural organic matter from the dispersion train of sulfide tailings. Use has been made of model substances with known Au speciations: bulk native gold, nanoscale native gold, Au-containing pyrite, humic acids, and Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides, which served as the basis for preparing mixtures with low-Au filler substances (quartz, limestone, humic acids, Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides).It has been stated that several Au species are leached in one fraction during sequential extraction. Nanoscale Au0 and gold bound to the organic matter are leached together in easily oxidizable (organic) fraction; gold bound to Fe(III) compounds and Au complexes chemisorbed on the surface of other minerals (sulfides, aluminosilicates) are leached in reducible (hydroxides) fraction; "invisible" gold in sulfides, nanoscale Au0 and, partially, >1 μm-seized bulk Au0 are leached in hardly oxidizable (sulfidic) fraction. Bulk native gold is leached predominantly in residual fraction. Mobile species are Au bound to water-soluble organic compounds and complexes of ionic Au desorbed from the surface of minerals

Коррекция патологий гепатобилиарной системы комплексным растительным средством

The influence of complex herbal remedy on the secretary and metabolic functions of a liver was investigated in rates with experimental toxic hepatitis and hypercholesterolemia. The result obtained have shown that complex herbal remedy shortened the time of evolution and decreased hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT, and GGT), alkaline phosphates, total bilirubin, and cholesterol. It has also been shown that complex herbal remedy increased the protein synthesis of hepatocyte and hampered lipolysis processes. On the other hand, the active components of this remedy regulated the excessive bile production. During complex herbal remedy administration, the rheologycal properties of bile are normalized, bile acid pool extends, and total cholesterol in bile reduces. Along with hepatoprotective properties, remedy has the expressive choleretic and cholekinetic effects.Изучено влияние комплексного растительного средства на метаболическую и секреторную функцию печени крыс с экспериментальными токсическим гепатитом и гиперхолестеринемией. Показано, что экстрактивный растительный комплекс ограничивает выход в кровь цитолитических и холестатических ферментов, стимулирует синтез белка, тормозит процессы липолиза, нормализует пигментный обмен печени. На фоне приема экстрактивного растительного комплекса нормализуется коллоидное состояние желчи, увеличивается пул желчных кислот, снижается уровень холестерина в желчи. Установлены выраженные холеретический и холекинетический эффекты

Gallstone ileus in a middle-aged male with an atypical history: a case report

Currently, gallstone ileus is an unusual complication of cholelithiasis (0.3–3.0 %) and a rare cause of mechanical bowel obstruction (0.1–4.0 %). The rarity of the condition makes it impossible to plan the large prospective randomized clinical trials, so the analysis of case reports is significant for decision making in the management of gallstone ileus. We report a case of gallstone ileus in a middle-aged male who had a history of surgery for duodenal ulcer perforation in past. A combination of peptic ulcer disease and cholelithiasis is based on a reduced gastrointestinal hormones secretion. Clinical specialists need to consider information about the greater frequency and asymptomatic clinical course of gallstone disease against a background of duodenal ulcer. Duodenal ulcer scar and bulbar deformity may promote to the cholecystoduodenal fistula formation. In the presence of an acute bowel obstruction symptoms and the absence of gallbladder instrumental examination results, it is possible to recommend the prior gastroduodenoscopy for the pre-operative pneumobilia detection. The optimal surgical approaches for acute gallstone ileus are still controversial

Study of the cytokine genes SNPs association with the characteristics of the immunological status of children with recurrent respiratory infection

To study the immunological status of RRI children and to analyze the association of SNP -330T>G in IL2 and -1082G>A in IL10 with the relative and absolute values of the main subpopulations of lymphocyte

Sierra Gorda 009: A New Member of the Metal-Rich G Chondrites Grouplet

We investigated the metal-rich chondrite Sierra Gorda (SG) 009, a member of the new G chondrite grouplet (also including NWA 5492, GRO 95551). G chondrites contain 23% metal, very reduced silicates, and rare oxidized mineral phases (Mg-chromite, FeO-rich pyroxene). G chondrites are not related to CH-CB chondrites, based on bulk O, C, and N isotopic compositions, mineralogy, and geochemistry. G chondrites have no fine-grained matrix or matrix lumps enclosing hydrated material typical for CH-CB chondrites. G chondrites’ average metal compositions are similar to H chondrites. Siderophile and lithophile geochemistry indicates sulfidization and fractionation of the SG 009 metal and silicates, unlike NWA 5492 and GRO 95551. The G chondrites have average O isotopic compositions Δ17O'0‰ ranging between bulk enstatite (E) and ordinary (O) chondrites. An Al-rich chondrule from SG 009 has Δ17O'0‰ indicating some heterogeneity in oxygen isotopic composition of G chondrite components. SG 009’s bulk carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions correspond to E and O chondrites. Neon isotopic composition reflects a mixture of cosmogenic and solar components, and cosmic ray exposure age of SG 009 is typical for O, E, and R chondrites. G chondrites are closely related to O, E, and R chondrites and may represent a unique metal-rich parent asteroid containing primitive and fractionated material from the inner solar system. Oxidizing and reducing conditions during SG 009 formation may be connected with a chemical microenvironment and possibly could indicate that G chondrites may have formed by a planetesimal collision resulting in the lack of matrix. © The Meteoritical Society, 2020.We thank M. Weisberg, H. Downes, an anonymous reviewer, and Associate Editor C. Goodrich, for their thoughtful reviews which helped to improve this paper. The authors thank Sasha Krot for very fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the Russian Fond of Basic Research no. 20-05-00117A, by Klaus Tschira Stiftung gGmbH, by the NASA Emerging Worlds program (80NSSC18K0595, MH), and we thank the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1644779* and the State of Florida. This work was also supported?by the Project No. FEUZ-2020-0059 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. This study was a partial contribution to research theme no. 0137-2019-0002

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ПО СТУПЕНЧАТОМУ ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАНИЮ ВЕЩЕСТВ С ИЗВЕСТНЫМИ ФОРМАМИ НАХОЖДЕНИЯ Au

A study has been conducted on the features of distriburion of Au among the fractions of a 7-step sequential extraction procedure using model substances that are similar in composition to natural organic matter from the dispersion train of sulfide tailings. Use has been made of model substances with known Au speciations: bulk native gold, nanoscale native gold, Au-containing pyrite, humic acids, and Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides, which served as the basis for preparing mixtures with low-Au filler substances (quartz, limestone, humic acids, Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides).It has been stated that several Au species are leached in one fraction during sequential extraction. Nanoscale Au0 and gold bound to the organic matter are leached together in easily oxidizable (organic) fraction; gold bound to Fe(III) compounds and Au complexes chemisorbed on the surface of other minerals (sulfides, aluminosilicates) are leached in reducible (hydroxides) fraction; "invisible" gold in sulfides, nanoscale Au0 and, partially, >1 μm-seized bulk Au0 are leached in hardly oxidizable (sulfidic) fraction. Bulk native gold is leached predominantly in residual fraction. Mobile species are Au bound to water-soluble organic compounds and complexes of ionic Au desorbed from the surface of minerals.Изучены особенности распределения Au по фракциям 7-ступенчатой методики выщелачивания с применением модельных веществ, приближенных по составу к природным образцам из ореола рассеяния сульфидных хвостохранилищ. Применялись модельные вещества с известными формами нахождения Au: крупное самородное золото, наноразмерное самородное золото, Au-содержащие пирит, гуминовые кислоты и оксиды/гидроксиды Fe(III). На их основе были приготовлены смеси с веществами-наполнителями с низкими содержаниями Au (кварц, известняк, гуминовые кислоты, оксиды/гидроксиды Fe(III)).Установлено, что при ступенчатом выщелачивании наблюдается совместное извлечение нескольких форм золота в одной фракции. Наноразмерное Au0 и золото, связанное с органическим веществом, совместно извлекаются в легкоокисляемой (органической) фракции; золото, связанное с соединениями Fe(III), и комплексы Au, хемосорбированные на поверхности других минералов (сульфиды, алюмосиликаты), – в восстанавливаемой (гидроксидной) фракции; «невидимое» золото в сульфидах, наноразмерное и, частично, крупное (с размером частиц >1 мкм) Au0 – в трудноокисляемой (сульфидной) фракции. Крупное Au0 извлекается преимущественно в остаточной фракции. Мобильные формы элемента представляют собой Au, связанное с легкорастворимыми органическими соединениями, и комплексы ионного Au, десорбированные с поверхности минералов