Enthalpy of solvation of butanediols in different solvents

The enthalpies of solution for 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4- and 2,3-butanediol in water, formamide and dimethylsulphoxide were determined by calorimetry. From the results and data available in the literature for the enthalpy of vaporisation, the enthalpy of solvation was determined. The enthalpy of solvation was decomposed into two terms, cavity formation in the solvent to hold the solute and solute-solvent interaction.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6THV-3Y9X8C1-2/1/b096193734aae40b777de9e3a0cf0f5

User Democracy in Schools? Comparing Norwegian Schools With Nursing Homes

Democratic user control is a hallmark of Scandinavian schools, but also of other services of the Scandinavian welfare states. This article studies variations in parental control and influences in public and non-public schools. In addition, how the use of different governance tools inspired by markets affects user control is analyzed. The empirical investigation consists of matching public and non-public schools and nursing homes in three Norwegian municipalities. The study concludes that there is important variation between public and non-public schools, while there is little variation between public and non-public nursing homes. The organization of the quasi-market is an important explanation for this.acceptedVersio

A state-space approach for measuring regional manufacturing production indices

In this paper we propose a latent variable model, in the spirit of Israilevich and Kuttner (1993), to measure regional manufacturing production. To test the validity of the proposed methodology, we have applied it for those Spanish regions that have a direct quantitative index. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the methodology proposed and show that it can overcome some of the difficulties of the indirect method applied by the INE, the Spanish National Institute of Statistics