Pengaruh Faktor Personal, Sarana Produksi, dan Pola Komunikasi terhadap Ketahanan Pangan

Ketahanan pangan menjadi isu penting di masa pandemi Covid-19. Pemerintah mendorong ketahanan pangan petani melalui program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari. Berbagai faktor memengaruhi keberhasilan program. Penelitian bertujuan menghasilkan analisis faktor personal, dukungan sarana produksi pertanian, dan pola komunikasi penyuluh pendamping dan sesama petani berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan pangan petani. Penelitian didesain sebagai penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor personal petani, dukungan sarana produksi pertanian, dan pola komunikasi berpengaruh nyata dan positif terhadap ketahanan pangan petani

Desformylgramicidin: A Model Channel with an Extremely High Water Permeability

AbstractThe water conductivity of desformylgramicidin exceeds the permeability of gramicidin A by two orders of magnitude. With respect to its single channel hydraulic permeability coefficient of 1.1·10−12cm3s−1, desformylgramicidin may serve as a model for extremely permeable aquaporin water channel proteins (AQP4 and AQPZ). This osmotic permeability exceeds the conductivity that is predicted by the theory of single-file transport. It was derived from the concentration distributions of both pore-impermeable and -permeable cations that were simultaneously measured by double barreled microelectrodes in the immediate vicinity of a planar bilayer. From solvent drag experiments, approximately five water molecules were found to be transported by a single-file process along with one ion through the channel. The single channel proton, potassium, and sodium conductivities were determined to be equal to 17pS (pH 2.5), 7 and 3pS, respectively. Under any conditions, the desformyl-channel remains at least 10 times longer in its open state than gramicidin A

Permeation of phloretin across bilayer lipid membranes monitored by dipole potential and microelectrode measurements

AbstractThe transmembrane diffusion of phloretin across planar bilayer lipid membranes is studied under steady-state conditions. Diffusion restrictions and adsorption related effects are measured independently. The adsorption of aligned phloretin dipoles generates a change in the intrinsic dipole potential difference between the inner and outer leaflets of the lipid bilayer. It is monitored by capacitive current measurements carried out with a direct current (dc) bias. The variation of the intramembrane electric field indicates a saturation of the binding sites at the membrane interface. In contrast, pH profile measurements undertaken in the immediate membrane vicinity show a constant membrane permeability. If phloretin binding and transmembrane diffusion are treated as two competitive events rather than subsequent steps in the transport queue the contradictory results become explainable. A mathematical model is developed where it is assumed that diffusing phloretin molecules are randomly oriented, i.e., that they do not contribute to the intrinsic membrane potential. Only the dipoles adsorbing onto the membrane are oriented. Based on these theory the membrane permeability is calculated from the capacitive current data. It is found to agree very well with the permeability deduced from the microelectrode measurements

On geometric moment invariants

In this paper we study the geometric moments invariants. We describe an image in terms of features which are invariant to some sort of transformations i.e mentioned translation, rotation and scaling change in exposure, brightness etc. Our aim is to check the performance of components for feature vectors

A method of finding an integral solution to x3 + y3 = kz4

In this article, we proved that an integral solution (a, b, c) to the equation x3+y3 = kz4 is of the form a = rs, b = rt for any two integers s, t and c =  (r3u/d3)1/4 for some u with (k,r) = d where k divides a3 + b3 and r is a common factor of a and b

On the Diophantine equation

This paper discusses an integral solution (a, b, c) of the Diophantine equations x3n+y3n = 2z2n for n ≥ 2 and it is found that the integral solution of these equation are of the form a = b = t2, c = t3 for any integers t

Study of the Effect of Y2 O3 Doping on the Resistance to Radiation Damage of CeO2 Microparticles under Irradiation with Heavy Xe22+ Ions

This paper presents the results of a study on the influence of Y2 O3 doping on the resistance to radiation damage and an assessment of structural changes associated with the accumulation of radiation defects in CeO2 microparticles under irradiation with heavy Xe22+ ions. The relevance of this study consists of the prospects for the use of CeO2 microparticles as materials and candidates of inert matrices of nuclear fuel. A method of solid-phase synthesis was applied to obtain microparticles with different concentrations of dopant. It included grinding of CeO2 and Y2 O3 microparticles followed by thermal sintering at 1100◦ C in an oxygen-containing medium to produce highly ordered microparticles. During the study of the structural characteristics of the synthesized microparticles, it was found that increasing the dopant concentration from 0.05 mol.% to 0.15 mol.% leads to an increase in the crystallinity degree as well as a decrease in dislocation density. According to the results of the assessment of the resistance of microparticles to radiation damage, it was found that an increase in the dopant concentration leads to a decrease in swelling and structural distortion by more than 2.5–3 times, which indicates an increase in the radiation resistance. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (No. AP09058081)

Effect of Irradiation with Heavy Xe22+ Ions with Energies of 165–230 MeV on Change in Optical Characteristics of ZrO2 Ceramic

The aim of this work is to study the effect of irradiation with heavy Xe22+ ions with energies of 165 MeV, 200 MeV, and 230 MeV on the change in the optical properties of ZrO2 ceramic. The choice of ion energies, as well as irradiation fluences of 1013-1014 ion/cm2, is primarily due to the possibility of simulating radiation damage in ceramics that occurs when overlapping damaged areas in the material, comparable to damage from fission fragments of uranium nuclei in an atomic reactor. Using UV–Vis spectroscopy methods, changes in the throughput of ceramics were evaluated depending on the irradiation fluence and the energy of incident ions. It was found that a change in the irradiation conditions leads to the formation of irradiation-induced defects with an energy of 2.4–2.45 eV in the structure, the concentration of which increases with the irradiation dose. Changes in the band gap and refractive index depending on irradiation fluence and incident ions energy indicate a change in the electronic and optical density of ceramics, as well as the formation of additional absorbing centers in the structure. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.This work was supported by the Grant No. BR09158499 ( Development of complex scientific research in the field of nuclear and radiation physics on the basis of Kazakhstan accelerator complexes) of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Membrane fusion mediated by ricin and viscumin

AbstractThe ribosome inactivating plant proteins (RIPs) ricin and viscumin but not Ricinus communis agglutinin are able induce vesicle–vesicle fusion. A model is suggested in which the toxicity of the RIPs is partially determined by their fusogenicity. Herein, fusion is hypothesized to allow the RIPs to leak across endocytic vesicles to approve their access to cytoplasmic ribosomes

LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACTS OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION COURT AND PROBLEMS OF THEIR ENFORCEMENT

In this article the problems of legal consequences of the Eurasian economic union’s (EEU) judicial actsare analyzed and the specifics of the implementation of these acts by member States and economic entities are reviewed. The legal consequences of non-compliance with these acts have a serious impact on both the legal order of the EEU and the legal systems of the Union’s member states. In conducting this research, the authors used general scientific, general legal and special legal research methods. Based on comparative legal analysis, the authors consider the statutory features of each individual act, especially its decisions that have binding legal force. The activity of the EEU Court was compared with the features of other international courts, which allowed to identify positive and negative sides. In this work, the mechanisms of interaction between the EEU Court and the national courts of the Union member states were studied, and such interaction was considered in relation not only to the highest courts of the member states, but also to national courts of all levels. In order to improve the efficiency of the EEU Courtfunctioning, it is proposed to give the EEU Court the power to provide pre-trial opinions, as well as to grant the right of the EEC to initiate a lawsuit against the EEU member states that violate their obligations under the law of the Union. Key words: The court of the EEU, Statute, regulations, Board, resolutions, decisions, Advisory opinions, enforcement of court decisions