12,960 research outputs found
The static potential in {\cal N}=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills at weak coupling
We compute the static potential associated to the locally 1/2 BPS Wilson loop
in =4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with
accuracy. We also resum the leading logarithms, of , and show the structure of the renormalization
group equation at next-to-leading order in the multipole expansion. In order to
obtain these results it is crucial the use of an effective theory for the
ultrasoft degrees of freedom. We develop this theory up to next-to-leading
order in the multipole expansion. Using the same formalism we also compute the
leading logarithms, of , of the static
potential associated to an ordinary Wilson loop in the same theory.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. Two references added, misprints corrected.
Computation of the static potential associated to the ordinary static Wilson
loop incorporate
Synchronization in driven versus autonomous coupled chaotic maps
The phenomenon of synchronization occurring in a locally coupled map lattice
subject to an external drive is compared to the synchronization process in an
autonomous coupled map system with similar local couplings plus a global
interaction. It is shown that chaotic synchronized states in both systems are
equivalent, but the collective states arising after the chaotic synchronized
state becomes unstable can be different in these two systems. It is found that
the external drive induces chaotic synchronization as well as synchronization
of unstable periodic orbits of the local dynamics in the driven lattice. On the
other hand, the addition of a global interaction in the autonomous system
allows for chaotic synchronization that is not possible in a large coupled map
system possessing only local couplings.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figs, accepted in Phys. Rev.
A Panchromatic View of Brown Dwarf Aurorae
Stellar coronal activity has been shown to persist into the low-mass star
regime, down to late M-dwarf spectral types. However, there is now an
accumulation of evidence suggesting that at the end of the main sequence there
is a transition in the nature of the magnetic activity from chromospheric and
coronal to planet-like and auroral, from local impulsive heating via flares and
MHD wave dissipation to energy dissipation from strong large-scale
magnetospheric current systems. We examine this transition and the prevalence
of auroral activity in brown dwarfs through a compilation of multi-wavelength
surveys of magnetic activity, including radio, X-ray, and optical. We compile
the results of those surveys and place their conclusions in the context of
auroral emission as the consequence of large-scale magnetospheric current
systems that accelerate energetic electron beams and drive the particles to
impact the cool atmospheric gas. We explore the different manifestation of
auroral phenomena in brown dwarf atmospheres, like H, and define their
distinguishing characteristics. We conclude that large amplitude photometric
variability in the near infrared is most likely a consequence of clouds in
brown dwarf atmospheres, but that auroral activity may be responsible for
long-lived stable surface features. We report a connection between auroral
H emission and quiescent radio emission in ECMI pulsing brown dwarfs,
suggesting a potential underlying physical connection between the quiescent and
auroral emissions. We also discuss the electrodynamic engines powering brown
dwarf aurorae and the possible role of satellites around these systems to both
power the aurorae and seed the magnetosphere with plasma.Comment: 26 pages, 17 figures, and 2 tables; accepted to Ap
Lessons from helminth infections: ES-62 highlights new interventional approaches in rheumatoid arthritis
Parasitic worms are able to survive in their mammalian host for many years due to their ability to manipulate the immune response by secreting immunomodulatory products. It is increasingly clear that, reflecting the anti-inflammatory actions of such worm-derived immunomodulators, there is an inverse correlation between helminth infection and autoimmune diseases in the developing world. As the decrease in helminth infections due to increased sanitation has correlated with an alarming increase in prevalence of such disorders in industrialised countries, this "Hygiene Hypothesis" has led to the proposal that worms and their secreted products offer a novel platform for the development of safe and effective strategies for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Here we review the anti-inflammatory effects of one such immunomodulator, ES-62 on innate and adaptive immune responses and the mechanisms it exploits to afford protection in the murine Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As its core mechanism involves targeting of IL-17 responses, which despite being pathogenic in RA are important for combating infection, we discuss how its selective targeting of IL-17 production by Th17 and γδ T cells, whilst leaving that of CD49b+ Natural Killer (NK and NK T) cells intact, reflects the ability of helminths to modulate the immune system without immunocompromising the host. Exploiting helminth immunomodulatory mechanisms therefore offers the potential for safer therapies than current biologics, such as "IL-17 blockers", that are not able to discriminate sources of IL-17 and hence present adverse effects that limit their therapeutic potential
Renormalization group improvement of the spectrum of Hydrogen-like atoms with massless fermions
We obtain the next-to-next-to-leading-log renormalization group improvement
of the spectrum of Hydrogen-like atoms with massless fermions by using
potential NRQED. These results can also be applied to the computation of the
muonic Hydrogen spectrum where we are able to reproduce some known double logs
at O(m\alpha^6). We compare with other formalisms dealing with log resummation
available in the literature.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX. Minor changes, note added, final versio
Renormalization group improvement of the NRQCD Lagrangian and heavy quarkonium spectrum
We complete the leading-log renormalization group scaling of the NRQCD
Lagrangian at . The next-to-next-to-leading-log renormalization group
scaling of the potential NRQCD Lagrangian (as far as the singlet is concerned)
is also obtained in the situation . As a
by-product, we obtain the heavy quarkonium spectrum with the same accuracy in
the situation m\alpha_s^2 \simg \Lambda_{QCD}. When , this is equivalent to obtain the whole set of
terms in the heavy quarkonium spectrum.
The implications of our results in the non-perturbative situation are also mentioned.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX. Minor changes. Final versio
Impact of Equipment Failures and Wind Correlation on Generation Expansion Planning
Generation expansion planning has become a complex problem within a
deregulated electricity market environment due to all the uncertainties
affecting the profitability of a given investment. Current expansion models
usually overlook some of these uncertainties in order to reduce the
computational burden. In this paper, we raise a flag on the importance of both
equipment failures (units and lines) and wind power correlation on generation
expansion decisions. For this purpose, we use a bilevel stochastic optimization
problem, which models the sequential and noncooperative game between the
generating company (GENCO) and the system operator. The upper-level problem
maximizes the GENCO's expected profit, while the lower-level problem simulates
an hourly market-clearing procedure, through which LMPs are determined. The
uncertainty pertaining to failures and wind power correlation are characterized
by a scenario set, and their impact on generation expansion decisions are
quantified and discussed for a 24-bus power system
Splitting from Nonrelativistic Renormalization Group
We compute the hyperfine splitting in a heavy quarkonium composed of
different flavors in next-to-leading logarithmic approximation using the
nonrelativistic renormalization group. We predict the mass difference of the
vector and pseudoscalar charm-bottom mesons to be MeV.Comment: Eq.(22) and Appendix corrected, numerical results slightly changed.
arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-ph/031208
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