On free energies of the Ising model on the Cayley tree

We present, for the Ising model on the Cayley tree, some explicit formulae of the free energies (and entropies) according to boundary conditions (b.c.). They include translation-invariant, periodic, Dobrushin-like b.c., as well as those corresponding to (recently discovered) weakly periodic Gibbs states. The later are defined through a partition of the tree that induces a 4-edge-coloring. We compute the density of each color.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure

Информационно-библиотечная инфраструктура Узбекистана: трёхуровневая модель управления

The current trends in information infrastructure and its component information library infrastructure (ILI) are analyzed. The specific characteristics of Uzbekistan ILI are: building libraries for modern technological applications and developing existing infrastructure. The main problems the ministries and library community face are revealed. The ILI organizational model based on hierarchy is discussed. The author considers the three-level system to be the most efficient for the libraries’ interdepartmental interaction. This would provide for information cooperation in building union resources (e-catalogs, databases), and library management. Taking into account the specific character of library management in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the ILI based on the corporate library networks of various departments would enable: to computerize information acquisition, accumulation and transfer at all levels for efficient management; to provide open access to union e-catalog for all libraries and users; to build libraries’ local digital resources; to increase efficiency of interaction and cooperation between the National Library and the libraries of various departments; to save money and human assets through excluded work duplication and intensive information exchange.Проанализированы современные тенденции развития информационной инфраструктуры, а также информационно-библиотечной инфраструктуры (ИБИ) как её важной составляющей. Раскрыты специфические аспекты ИБИ Республики Узбекистан: строительство библиотек, работающих с применением современных технологий; развитие существующей инфраструктуры. Определены основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются руководство министерств, библиотечное сообщество. Рассмотрена модель развития ИБИ, основанная на специфике организационного управления в республике и иерархической структуре. Наиболее дееспособной представляется трёхуровневая система взаимодействия библиотек разных ведомств. Это особенно важно для информационной кооперации библиотек при формировании сводных ресурсов (электронного каталога, баз данных), а также управления деятельностью библиотек. Учитывая специфику управления библиотеками в республике, создание ИБИ на базе корпоративных сетей библиотек разных ведомств позволит: автоматизировать формирование, накопление и передачу информации на разных уровнях для эффективного управления инфраструктурой; предоставить открытый онлайн-доступ к сводному электронному каталогу для всех библиотек и читателей, а библиотекам – эффективные возможности для создания собственных локальных электронных ресурсов; повысить эффективность взаимодействия и кооперации между Национальной библиотекой и другими библиотеками разных ведомств; экономить денежные средства и кадровые ресурсы за счёт устранения дублирования работ и активного обмена информацией

Towards the knowledge society: new roles for Librarians in a changing world.

Proceedings include papers of Final Conference participants of the TEMPUS project “New master programme on library and information science” (NMPLS). Members of the consortium are Tashkent State Institute of Culture, Tashkent University of Information Technologies from Uzbekistan; Robert Gordon University, Middlesex University from Great Britain; University of Parma from Italy; Rezekne Higher Education Institute from Latvia; University of Barcelona from Spain; Fundamental Scientific Library, International Scientific and Training Center from Armenia; Ilia Chavhavadze State University, Georgia Library Association from Georgia

Identification of mineral associations in skarn-rare-metallic deposits in Western Uzbekistan

This article solves the applied scientific problem of identifying mineral carriers and mineral associations of platinum mineralization in the skarn-gold-rare metal Koytash and Lyangar deposits. One of the applied research tasks was to identify the forms of mineral carriers and mineral associations of platinum-metal mineralization for these deposits. We carried out geological fieldwork of the Koytash and Lyangar deposits, which included a sampling of sulphide-rare metal and silver-polymetallic ores, and conducted laboratory studies by using mass spectrometry, atomic absorption, electron microprobe, and other modern methods. This article addresses the complex formation of sulphide-rare-metal and silver-polymetallic ores of the above-mentioned deposits. The formation of mineral associations bearing rare-metal (W-Mo) mineralization that formed in the early alkaline stage, in almost all sites, is completed by sulphide-rare metal and silver-polymetallic mineralization that often carry industrial-grade concentrations of noble and other metals. We have identified a recommended location for the concomitant extraction of useful components, the mineral composition, and the impure elements in them. These data show the prospects of sulphide-rare metals and sulphidepoly-metallic ores in the Koytash deposit for precious metals, bismuth, etc

Kinematic viscosity of liquid media and providing metrological observability of experimental results

The subject of this study is to explore modern methods for control of dynamic and kinematic viscosity of liquid media, the state of its metrological support in the republic as well as to see findings from the experiments to ensure metrological control in the International System of Units. The results from this study are found relevant for wide use in agricultural and food products, biologically active additives in assessing quality and safety, metrology. It is also considered relevant in connection with the wide use of viscosity measuring tools in the oil- and fuel industry, medicine, cosmetology, geological and construction and other industries, to evaluate the quality and safety of products, control technological processes at production sites. Scientific and practical recommendations and decisions on improvement of scientific, technical, organizational and regulatory framework of metrological provision of viscometers in the field of ensuring uniformity of measurements and its practical solutions. The findings from the study can be applied with metrological services. Based on the results of the research, metrological examination of various scientific, theoretical and functional viscometers, final conclusions were developed

PROTECTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SYSTEMS

Introduction. The authors of the article highlight the results of research on the development of methods and tools for ensuring the information security of scientific and educational resources in information library systems and corporate information networks. The analysis of the state of the problem and the existing approaches on this topic are given too.Materials and Methods. The approach justifies the need to protect scientific resources from unauthorized access and the use of fuzzy logic to solve the problem. As a model and solution method, a fuzzy model correspondences is proposed, which makes it possible to comprehensively solve the problem of identifying threats in the event of a situation, as well as provide recommendations on how to eliminate them. For the formation of a knowledge base, experts are involved who determine the functions of belonging to knowlege base “Situation — Threats — Actions to eliminate the threats”.Results. The research results are being implemented as part of the ARMAT++ information library system of the corporate network of electronic libraries of 63 Uzbekistan universities for the protection of scientific and educational information from unauthorized access. Testing of the methods, programs of the subsystem and the expert knowledge base are carried out on the basis of information and resource centers under the project “Virtual electronic library of the Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad Al-Khorezmi and its five branches”.Discussion and Conclusions. The use of the apparatus of fuzzy logic for the formation of a knowledge base of the “Situation — Threats — Actions to eliminate the threats” type in information library systems significantly increases the degree of protection of valuable information resources from unauthorized access

PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AND RAMAN SPECTRA OF DIAMOND MICROPOWDERS PLACED IN PHOTON TRAPS

The photoluminescence and Raman spectra of diamond micropowders placed in photon traps under repetitively pulsed excitation by a copper vapor laser are studied. The recorded spectra of the photoluminescence and Raman spectra of micro-diamond powders were characterized by anomalously high intensity, which was associated with the trapping of exciting radiation in microparticles, the size of which significantly exceeded the lasing wavelength

PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AND RAMAN SPECTRA OF DIAMOND MICROPOWDERS PLACED IN PHOTON TRAPS

The photoluminescence and Raman spectra of diamond micropowders placed in photon traps under repetitively pulsed excitation by a copper vapor laser are studied. The recorded spectra of the photoluminescence and Raman spectra of micro-diamond powders were characterized by anomalously high intensity, which was associated with the trapping of exciting radiation in microparticles, the size of which significantly exceeded the lasing wavelengt

A Farm in Kumsangir of Tajikistan: A Perspective of Water/land Use along Pyandzh River

We carried out an assessment of natural resources use and management along with the on-farm observations and experience gathered through a fieldwork expedition along the riparian basin of Pyandzh River from Tajik side. It is described the natural vegetation irrigation history, technologies, agriculture, crops diversity and farmer development system through this vast area of Khatlon Province of Southwestern Tajikistan. Target area is Kumsangir District and Mumin Farm in the district along Pyandzh River. By performing this survey, we could further examine our preliminary studies on the potentials for agriculture using of Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) technique on the right bank of Pyandzh River. Many of the local farmers, pastoralist communities, and some of the agricultural authorities and governmental leaders were interviewed to help understand the history of their irrigation infrastructures, their concerns on the issue of land use and agricultural activities, and their outlook and desires to implement cost-effective watershed-scale water saving technologies

A seasonal forecasting procedure for reservoir inflows in Central Asia

This study develops a procedure for seasonal forecasting river discharge from headwaters above strategically important hydropower plants in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The El Niño Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, and Indian Ocean Dipole indices were used as inputs. Predictability was evaluated for average summer inflows conditional on the tercile of the preceding winter climate mode. We find that the winter Niño 3.4 index was significantly positively correlated with following summer inflows to Nurek, Andijan, and Toktogul reservoirs during the period 1941–1980. Kruskal–Wallis and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests show significant differences in the distributions of summer inflows depending on previous winter Niño 3.4 for all three reservoirs. At Nurek, summer inflows were on average 19% greater following a winter El Niño. During 1941–2016, mean summer inflows to Nurek reservoir linked to previous November–December Niño 3.4 achieved a Heidke Hit Proportion of 51–59% (compared with 33% expected by chance). Acceptable predictions of summer inflow volume were made 44% of the time. Higher inflows are explained by a south‐ westerly moisture flux that brings above average precipitation to Central Asia during winter El Niño conditions. Our procedure requires limited data, technical or computing resources—all considerations in data sparse, low capacity regions. Given planned developments of other large, headwater impoundments in Central Asia, early outlooks of discharge could contribute to improved dam safety, economic performance, and transboundary water sharing around such projects