Framework for non-perturbative analysis of a Z(3)-symmetric effective theory of finite temperature QCD

We study a three dimensional Z(3)-symmetric effective theory of high temperature QCD. The exact lattice-continuum relations, needed in order to perform lattice simulations with physical parameters, are computed to order O(a^0) in lattice perturbation theory. Lattice simulations are performed to determine the phase structure of a subset of the parameter space.Comment: 28 pages, 11 figures; v3: references rearranged, typos corrected, figs changed, published versio

Lattice analysis for the energy scale of QCD phenomena

We formulate a new framework in lattice QCD to study the relevant energy scale of QCD phenomena. By considering the Fourier transformation of link variable, we can investigate the intrinsic energy scale of a physical quantity nonperturbatively. This framework is broadly available for all lattice QCD calculations. We apply this framework for the quark-antiquark potential and meson masses in quenched lattice QCD. The gluonic energy scale relevant for the confinement is found to be less than 1 GeV in the Landau or Coulomb gauge.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Classes of confining gauge field configurations

We present a numerical method to compute path integrals in effective SU(2) Yang-Mills theories. The basic idea is to approximate the Yang-Mills path integral by summing over all gauge field configurations, which can be represented as a linear superposition of a small number of localized building blocks. With a suitable choice of building blocks many essential features of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory can be reproduced, particularly confinement. The analysis of our results leads to the conclusion that topological charge as well as extended structures are essential elements of confining gauge field configurations.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, several sections adde

Cyclostationary shot noise in mesoscopic measurements

We discuss theoretically a setup where a time-dependent current consisting of a DC bias and two sinusoidal harmonics is driven through a sample. If the sample exhibits current-dependent shot noise, the down-converted noise power spectrum varies depending on the local-oscillator phase of the mixer. The theory of this phase-dependent noise is applied to discuss the measurement of the radio-frequency single-electron transistor. We also show that this effect can be used to measure the shot noise accurately even in nonlinear high-impedance samples.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure

2014 Fed Challenge Script: Current State of the Economy

Good afternoon everyone and thank you for having us here today. Though the recession began in 2007 and officially ended in 2009, recovery has been painfully slow. GDP growth has been insufficient to close the output gap, there continues to be slack in the labor market and inflation has stabilized below the Federal Reserve percent target. We are not meeting our dual mandate of full employment and stable prices even 6 years after the end of the recession. Despite some signs of strengthening in the economy during the past year, we do not believe that economy is on a self-sustaining path of recovery. Furthermore, the monetary policy actions taken by the Fed thus far to pull us out of the Great Recession have been insufficient. We propose a substantial strengthening of the our forward guidance; specifically, a commitment not to raise the federal funds rate until nominal GDP has returned to a path that we consider consistent with the dual mandate. [excerpt

Off-diagonal Gluon Mass Generation and Infrared Abelian Dominance in Maximally Abelian Gauge in SU(3) Lattice QCD

In SU(3) lattice QCD formalism, we propose a method to extract gauge fields from link-variables analytically. With this method, we perform the first study on effective mass generation of off-diagonal gluons and infrared Abelian dominance in the maximally Abelian (MA) gauge in the SU(3) case. Using SU(3) lattice QCD, we investigate the propagator and the effective mass of the gluon fields in the MA gauge with U(1)_3 \timesU(1)_8 Landau gauge fixing. The Monte Carlo simulation is performed on $16^4$ at $\beta$=5.7, 5.8 and 6.0 at the quenched level. The off-diagonal gluons behave as massive vector bosons with the approximate effective mass $M_{\mathrm{off}} \simeq 1.1-1.2\mathrm{GeV}$ in the region of $r =0.3-0.8$fm, and the propagation is limited within a short range, while the propagation of diagonal gluons remains even in a large range. In this way, infrared Abelian dominance is shown in terms of short-range propagation of off-diagonal gluons. Furthermore, we investigate the functional form of the off-diagonal gluon propagator. The functional form is well described by the four-dimensional Euclidean Yukawa-type function $e^{-m_{\rm off}r}/r$ with $m_{\rm off} \simeq 1.3-1.4\mathrm{GeV}$ for $r = 0.1- 0.8$ fm. This also indicates that the spectral function of off-diagonal gluons has the negative-value region

Cold atoms in non-Abelian gauge potentials: From the Hofstadter "moth" to lattice gauge theory

We demonstrate how to create artificial external non-Abelian gauge potentials acting on cold atoms in optical lattices. The method employs $n$ internal states of atoms and laser assisted state sensitive tunneling. Thus, dynamics are communicated by unitary $n\times n$-matrices. By experimental control of the tunneling parameters, the system can be made truly non-Abelian. We show that single particle dynamics in the case of intense U(2) vector potentials lead to a generalized Hofstadter butterfly spectrum which shows a complex ``moth''-like structure. We discuss the possibility to employ non-Abelian interferometry (Aharonov-Bohm effect) and address methods to realize matter dynamics in specific classes of lattice gauge fields.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Measure of the path integral in lattice gauge theory

We show how to construct the measure of the path integral in lattice gauge theory. This measure contains a factor beyond the standard Haar measure. Such factor becomes relevant for the calculation of a single transition amplitude (in contrast to the calculation of ratios of amplitudes). Single amplitudes are required for computation of the partition function and the free energy. For U(1) lattice gauge theory, we present a numerical simulation of the transition amplitude comparing the path integral with the evolution in terms of the Hamiltonian, showing good agreement.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure