Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis

Kryvoruchko I. A., Antonova M. S., Tonkoglas O. A., Goni S.-K. T. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(3):449-456. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.399313 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4362 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.03.2017. Revised 22.03.2017. Accepted: 23.03.2017. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis I. A. Kryvoruchko, M. S. Antonova, O. A. Tonkoglas, S.-K. T. Goni Kharkov National Medical University Ministry of Health of Ukraine Abstract Investigations were carried out in 53 patients who were operated on in 2015 about abdominal sepsis (AS). All patients were assigned according the severity of the condition, which was determined depending on the severity of the systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure: I group - patients with AS (28); II group - patients with severe AS (14); III group - patients with septic shock (11). Surgical management of all patients included two major components: control source of infection (source control) and control of organ damaged and the protective mechanisms system (damage control). In the first group, the laparotomy ended by suturing the wounds tightly with traditional drainage; in groups II and III surgical treatment were supplemented by the use of techniques aimed at the prevention and reduction of elevated intra-abdominal pressure. Studies have shown that 100 % of patients with AS showed an increase in intra-abdominal pressure and the development of intra-abdominal hypertension. While ACS developed in 18.9 % of cases (4 patients with severe sepsis and 6 - with septic shock). The highest mortality rate was observed among patients with grade III and IV intra-abdominal hypertension (11 of 25 patients). Key words: intra-abdominal pressure, abdominal sepsis, abdominal compartment syndrome, treatment

Semi-supervised source extraction methodology for the nosological imaging of glioblastoma response to therapy.

Glioblastomas are one the most aggressive brain tumors. Their usual bad prognosis is due to the heterogeneity of their response to treatment and the lack of early and robust biomarkers to decide whether the tumor is responding to therapy. In this work, we propose the use of a semi-supervised methodology for source extraction to identify the sources representing tumor response to therapy, untreated/unresponsive tumor, and normal brain; and create nosological images of the response to therapy based on those sources. Fourteen mice were used to calculate the sources, and an independent test set of eight mice was used to further evaluate the proposed approach. The preliminary results obtained indicate that was possible to discriminate response and untreated/unresponsive areas of the tumor, and that the color-coded images allowed convenient tracking of response, especially throughout the course of therapy

Modern methods of stimulation of angiogenesis in patients with critical limb ischemia (review)

The term "critical ischemia of extremities" (critical limb ischemia) was first introduced by P.R.F. Bell in 1982 to refer to a group of diseases accompanied by pain in the legs at rest, trophic ulcers and distal necroses of the lower limbs. Critical ischemia of the lower limbs is a condition of almost complete cessation of arterial blood flow to the tissues of the lower limbs. If the arterial blood supply is not improved, limb amputation becomes inevitable for all patients. Treatment of ischemia of the lower extremities should be complex and differentiated depending on the stage and features of the course of the disease. Modern approaches to the therapy of lower limb ischemia include conservative and surgical methods of treatment, all of which are aimed at improving blood flow in the affected limbs. In the article modern methods of stimulating angiogenesis in patients with lower limb ischemia and results are shown

Non local Thirring model with backward and umklapp interactions

We extend a non local and non covariant version of the Thirring model in order to describe a many-body system with backward and umklapp scattering processes. We express the vacuum to vacuum functional in terms of a non trivial fermionic determinant. Using path-integral methods we find a bosonic representation for this determinant which allows us to obtain an effective action for the collective excitations of the system. By introducing a non local version of the self-consistent harmonic approximation, we get an expression for the gap of the charge-density excitations as functional of arbitrary electron-electron potentials. As an example we also consider the case of a non contact umklapp interaction.Comment: 19 pages, no figure

Exploring the origin of high optical absorption in conjugated polymers

The specific optical absorption of an organic semiconductor is critical to the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. For example, higher light-harvesting efficiency can lead to higher photocurrent in solar cells that are limited by sub-optimal electrical transport. Here, we compare over 40 conjugated polymers, and find that many different chemical structures share an apparent maximum in their extinction coefficients. However, a diketopyrrolopyrrole-thienothiophene copolymer shows remarkably high optical absorption at relatively low photon energies. By investigating its backbone structure and conformation with measurements and quantum chemical calculations, we find that the high optical absorption can be explained by the high persistence length of the polymer. Accordingly, we demonstrate high absorption in other polymers with high theoretical persistence length. Visible light harvesting may be enhanced in other conjugated polymers through judicious design of the structure

Distribution and abundance of freshwater snails in Warwade Dam, Dutse, Northern Nigeria

Preliminary investigation in August, 2017 reported the presence of Lymnaea natalensis, Bellamya unicolor, Melanoides tuberculata and Bulinus globosus in order of increasing abundance and distribution in Warwade dam, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. A follow up study was carried out from April to October, 2019 to reveal further details on the abundance and distribution of freshwater snails in relation to some physiochemical factors of the dam. Four sampling sites; human activity, vegetation cover, lentic and lotic were selected for the study along the bank of the dam. Freshwater snails were collected using long handled scoop net with mesh 0.2mm complemented by hand picking methods in the four sampling sites. Water samples from the sampling sites were analyzed in the laboratory using standard procedures. A total of 2,027 of freshwater snails belonging to ten species were identified. Bulinus globosus 12(0.6%) and Lymnaea natalensis 12(0.6%) had the lowest abundance and distribution while Melanoides tuberculata 1553(76.6%) had the highest. Snail abundance was highest in site characterized by human activities (670) followed by vegetation (482), lotic (442) and lentic (433) waters. Most of the physico-chemical factors measured appeared to favour the growth and survival of fresh water snails. pH (p = 0.01), water current (p = <0.01) and magnesium ion concentration (p = < 0.01) varied significantly across the four sites. Only calcium ion concentration was significantly associated with snail abundance (p = 0.04). Snail abundance showed weak positive relationship with water temperature, color, turbidity and concentration of magnesium ion. The dam habours about ten species of freshwater snails in different abundance and distribution with M. tuberculata being the most abundant throughout the period of investigation. The dominance of M. tuberculata over other species particularly those of medical and veterinary importance could have positive implication for their control in the dam

Tunneling Between a Pair of Parallel Hall Droplets

In this paper, we examine interwell tunneling between a pair of fractional quantum Hall liquids in a double quantum well system in a tilted magnetic field. Using a variational Monte Carlo method, we calculate moments of the intra-Landau level tunneling spectrum as a function of in-plane field component $B_{\parallel}$ and interwell spacing $d$. This is done for variety of incompressible states including a pair of $\nu=1/3$ layers ([330]), pair of $\nu=1/5$ layers ([550]), and Halperin's [331] state. The results suggest a technique to extract interwell correlations from the tunneling spectral data.Comment: 21 pages and 8 figures (included), RevTeX, preprint no. UCSDCU

Domestic groundwater abstraction in Lagos, Nigeria: a disjuncture in the Science-Policy-Practice Interface?

The rapid development of groundwater systems as part of urban water supplies around the globe is raising critical questions regarding the sustainable management of this essential resource. Yet, in many major cities, the absence of an effective policy regime means that the practice of groundwater exploitation is driven by the actions of domestic households and drilling contractors. Understanding what shapes the decisions and practices of these actors, their understandings of the groundwater resource and the extent to which scientific knowledge shapes this understanding, is an area of critical importance that is currently under-researched. Using a mixed-methods methodology, the paper explores domestic practices of groundwater abstraction in Lagos, Nigeria. It finds that there is a disjuncture between the households who are actively shaping exploitation of the groundwater resource on a day-to-day basis and science and state actors. This disjuncture results in household decisions that are influenced by commonly held, but potentially outdated, perceptions of the groundwater resource rather than scientific evidence or policy instruments. The unseen nature of groundwater resources effectively renders the scale of changing groundwater conditions invisible to households and the state, adding to the challenge of influencing practice. Addressing this disjuncture requires not just more scientific knowledge, but also the active construction of interfaces with, and between, non-state actors through which knowledge can be confronted, discussed and shared

Monitoring the oceanic flow between Africa and Antarctica: Report of the first GoodHope cruise

The southern ocean plays a major role in the global oceanic circulation role in the global oceanic circulation, as a component of the Meridional Overturning Circulation, and it is postulated that it has a great influence on present-day climate. However, our understanding of its complex three-dimensional dynamics and of the impact of its variability on the climate system is rudimentary. The newly constituted, international GoodHope research venture aims to address this knowledge gap by establishing a programme of regular observations across the Southern Ocean between the African and Antarctic continents. The objectives of this programme are fivefold: (1) to improve understanding of Indo-Atlantic inter-ocean exchanges and their impact on the global thermohaline circulation and thus on global climate change; (2) to understand in more detail the influence these exchanges have on the climate variability of the southern African subcontinent; (3) to monitor the variability of the main Southern Ocean frontal systems associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current; (4) to study air–sea exchanges and their role on the global heat budget, with particular emphasis on the intense exchanges occurring within the Agulhas Retroflection region south of South Africa, and (5) to examine the role of major frontal systems as areas of elevated biological activity and as biogeographical barriers to the distribution of plankton. We present here preliminary results on the physical and biological structure of the frontal systems using the first GoodHope transect that was completed during February–March 2004