Force platform recordings in the diagnosis of primary orthostatic tremor

Primary orthostatic tremor (OT) consists of rhythmical muscle contractions at a frequency of around 16 Hz, causing discomfort and/or unsteadiness while standing. Diagnosis has hitherto relied on recording Electromyography (EMG) from affected muscles. The main aim of this study was to see if the characteristic postural tremor in OT can be identified with force platforms. We also quantified postural sway in OT patients to assess their degree of objective unsteadiness. Finally, we investigated the time relations between bursts of activity in the various affected muscle groups. Subjects stood on a force platform with concurrent multichannel surface EMG recordings from the lower limbs. Seven patients with clinical and EMG diagnosis of OT were examined and the force platform data compared with those of 21 other neurological patients with postural tremor and eight normal controls. All OT patients had high frequency peaks in power spectra of posturography and EMG recordings (12–16 Hz). No such high frequency activity was evident in patients with Parkinson's disease, cerebellar degenerations, essential tremor or in healthy controls. Additionally, OT patients showed increased sway at low frequencies relative to normal controls, suggesting that the unsteadiness reported by OT patients is at least partly due to increased postural sway. Examination of EMG timing showed fixed patterns of muscle activation when maintaining a quiet stance within but not across OT patients. These data show a high correlation between EMG and posturography and confirm that OT may be diagnosed using short epochs of force platform recordings

Perbedaan Siklus Menstruasi Ibu Pengguna Kontrasepsi Suntik Cyclofem Dengan Depo Medroxy Progesterone Asetat Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bontang Utara 1

: Some women have complained about the use of contraceptive methods cause menstrual problems. The problem can be not menstruate at all to heavy and prolonged menstruation. In addition to menstrual disorders, there are side effects that would occur include acne, weight gain, headaches, nausea and breast tenderness. The purpose of this study to determine differences in the menstrual cycle women using injectable contraceptives depot Medroxycyclofem with progesterone acetate in Puskesmas North Bontang 1. The designresearch is an analytic survey research using cross sectional design. This research was done was done in Puskesmas North Bontang 1 in December 2015-January 2016. Sampling techniques, is non random sampling with purposive sampling method and number of samples of 64 people. The research instrument used questionnaire. Data analysis performed using the Mann Whitney test at the significance level of 95% (ɑ <0.05). Results obtained value of p = 0.000. Conclusion There are differences in the menstrual cycle women using injectable contraceptives depot Medroxycyclofem with progesterone acetate in Puskesmas North Bontang 1. Suggestions provide counseling on side effects of injections and also alternatively use another form of contraception that does not cause side effects, so no worries of acceptors

Perbedaan Kadar Gula Darah Antara Anak SD Dengan Obesitas Dan Tidak Obesitas Padasiswa SD Di Kota Manado

: Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat accumulation, so that one\u27s weight is well above normal and can endanger the health of overweight and obesity in children may lead to diabetes or type 2 diabetes known as a disease characterized by the inability of insulin to control sugar levels dara within the normal range study aimed to determine differences in blood sugar levels among elementary school children dengaan obesity and obesity in elementary school children in the city of Manado with analytic survey research design using a cross sectional design. 136 samples using t-test, at the 95% significance level (α 0,05). The results there are different levels of blood sugar and obesity among elementary school children are not obese in Manado City For readers advice that can be references for the development of materials keperawatan.Bagi adolescents to pay attention to diet seta healthy foods that can prevent, increase sugar levels blood as early as possible For further research in order to examine the levels of LDL cholesterol, HDL and fasting blood sugar levels (GDP) as well as other factors that can affect blood sugar levels in childre

Hubungan Lama Pemakaian Lama Kontrasepsi Suntik 3 Bulan Dengan Perubahan Berat Badan Di Puskesmas Ranomuut Manado

. Family planning is a basic prominent preventive health service as well as a mortality prevention. Family planning can be going on through the use of contraception. 3 months injection contraception is a sort of liquid which is injected into woman\u27s body intramuscularly (once in 3 months). This research was aimed to find out the association between the USAge of 3 months injection contraception duration and the mother\u27s weight changing at Ranomout Public Health Center, Manado.The Method of Research was an analytic observational using a cross sectional design. The research was conducted on December 2015 –January 2016 at Ranomuut Public Health Center, Manado. The samples of the research covers a group which consist of 42 mothers who use 3 months injection contraception. Sampling process used was a purposive sampling method. The research used questionnaires and scales as the instruments. Data analysis was done by using chi-square test in the 95% significant level (α ≤ 0,05) results in ρ=0,004, which was less than α=0,05. Conclusion :There is a association between the USAge of 3 months injection contraception duration and the mother\u27s weight changing at Ranomuut Public Health Center, Manado. It is suggested for mothers to look for information about the contrateption used in order to maintain an ideal weight

Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan Dengan Kejadian Malaria Pada Murid Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara

: Malaria is a serious disease that is transmitted through the bite of anopheles mosquitoes. This disease is contagious disease that attacks all age groups that is infants, children, and adults. Malaria is transmitted from person to person Anopheles mosquitoes bringing malaria parasite or plasmodium. Environmental sanitation is efforts that conducted by individuals, communities, or the State to improve and prevent the happening health problems caused of external environmental factors. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship environmental sanitation with the incidence of malaria. This research was carried out with cross sectional method. The sample: 110 respondents drawn randomly. The independent variable in this study is environmental sanitation and dependent variable is malaria. And then, the data collected was processed with the help of computer program SPSS version 19 and analyzed with chi square test (x2) at 95% significance level (α0,05). The result: showed that the results of the study on 110 respondents from 64 people who are poor environmental sanitation there were 7 people that positive malaria and 57 people is negative. Meanwhile from 46 people that good environmental consists of 2 people positive malaria and 44 people is negative. The conclusion: from these data it was found that the results showed there was no relationship environmental sanitation with the incidence of malaria which the results obtained p = 0,21

Associations of power at VO2peak and anaerobic threshold with rank in British high performance junior surfers

Purpose. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships of peak oxygen uptake ( VÌO2peak), power at VÌO2peak and power at the anaerobic threshold (AT) with national ranking in a sample of British high performance junior surfers. Methods. Eighteen male surfers (aged 15.4 ± 1.4 years) from the British Junior Surfing team were tested for VÌO2peak and AT using an adapted kayak ergometer; national ranking was used to indicate performance level. The AT was identified as the point at which VÌE/VÌO2 started to rise without a concomitant increase in VÌE/VÌCO2. Spearman's rank (rs) and partial correlations (rp) controlling for age were used to identify the relationships between the physiological variables and national ranking. Results. Mean VÌO2peak was 3.1 ± 0.5 l · min-1 (47.7 ± 7.2 ml · kg-1 · min-1) and mean AT occurred at 48.1 ± 12.2 W. There were significant correlations between national ranking and power at VÌO2peak (rs =-0.549, p = 0.028), power at AT (rs =-0.646, p = 0.009), and age (rs =-0.579, p = 0.012). Significant partial correlations were established controlling for age between national ranking and power at VÌO2peak (rp =-0.839, p = 0.000) and power at AT (rp =-0.541, p 2peak and AT were significantly related to surfer ranking in this sample. However, due to the low coefficient of determination associated with the AT/ranking relationship, AT does not discriminate well between the ranking of surfers. These findings support the inclusion of power at VÌO2peak in assessment batteries for junior competitive surfers

Attention modulates adaptive motor learning in the ‘broken escalator’ paradigm

The physical stumble caused by stepping onto a stationary (broken) escalator represents a locomotor aftereffect (LAE) that attests to a process of adaptive motor learning. Whether such learning is primarily explicit (requiring attention resources) or implicit (independent of attention) is unknown. To address this question, we diverted attention in the adaptation (MOVING) and aftereffect (AFTER) phases of the LAE by loading these phases with a secondary cognitive task (sequential naming of a vegetable, fruit and a colour). Thirty-six healthy adults were randomly assigned to 3 equally sized groups. They performed 5 trials stepping onto a stationary sled (BEFORE), 5 with the sled moving (MOVING) and 5 with the sled stationary again (AFTER). A 'Dual-Task-MOVING (DTM)' group performed the dual-task in the MOVING phase and the 'Dual-Task-AFTEREFFECT (DTAE)' group in the AFTER phase. The 'control' group performed no dual task. We recorded trunk displacement, gait velocity and gastrocnemius muscle EMG of the left (leading) leg. The DTM, but not the DTAE group, had larger trunk displacement during the MOVING phase, and a smaller trunk displacement aftereffect compared with controls. Gait velocity was unaffected by the secondary cognitive task in either group. Thus, adaptive locomotor learning involves explicit learning, whereas the expression of the aftereffect is automatic (implicit). During rehabilitation, patients should be actively encouraged to maintain maximal attention when learning new or challenging locomotor tasks

Embodied perspective-taking indicated by selective disruption from aberrant self motion

Spatial perspective-taking that involves imagined changes in one’s spatial orientation is facilitated by vestibular stimulation inducing a congruent sensation of self-motion. We examined further the role of vestibular resources in perspective-taking by evaluating whether aberrant and conflicting vestibular stimulation impaired perspective-taking performance. Participants (N = 39) undertook either an “own body transformation” (OBT)task, requiring speeded spatial judgments made from the perspective of a schematic figure, or a control task requiring reconfiguration of spatial mappings from one’s own visuo-spatial perspective. These tasks were performed both without and with vestibular stimulation by whole-body Coriolis motion, according to a repeated measures design, balanced for order. Vestibular stimulation was found to impair performance during the first minute post stimulus relative to the stationary condition. This disruption was task-specific, affecting only the OBT task and not the control task, and dissipated by the second minute post-stimulus. Our experiment thus demonstrates selective temporary impairment of perspective-taking from aberrant vestibular stimulation, implying that uncompromised vestibular resources are necessary for efficient perspective-taking. This finding provides evidence for an embodied mechanism for perspective-taking whereby vestibular input contributes to multisensory processing underlying bodily and social cognition. Ultimately, this knowledge may contribute to the design of interventions that help patients suffering sudden vertigo adapt to the cognitive difficulties caused by aberrant vestibular stimulation

Vestibular Perception following Acute Unilateral Vestibular Lesions.

Little is known about the vestibulo-perceptual (VP) system, particularly after a unilateral vestibular lesion. We investigated vestibulo-ocular (VO) and VP function in 25 patients with vestibular neuritis (VN) acutely (2 days after onset) and after compensation (recovery phase, 10 weeks). Since the effect of VN on reflex and perceptual function may differ at threshold and supra-threshold acceleration levels, we used two stimulus intensities, acceleration steps of 0.5°/s(2) and velocity steps of 90°/s (acceleration 180°/s(2)). We hypothesised that the vestibular lesion or the compensatory processes could dissociate VO and VP function, particularly if the acute vertiginous sensation interferes with the perceptual tasks. Both in acute and recovery phases, VO and VP thresholds increased, particularly during ipsilesional rotations. In signal detection theory this indicates that signals from the healthy and affected side are still fused, but result in asymmetric thresholds due to a lesion-induced bias. The normal pattern whereby VP thresholds are higher than VO thresholds was preserved, indicating that any 'perceptual noise' added by the vertigo does not disrupt the cognitive decision-making processes inherent to the perceptual task. Overall, the parallel findings in VO and VP thresholds imply little or no additional cortical processing and suggest that vestibular thresholds essentially reflect the sensitivity of the fused peripheral receptors. In contrast, a significant VO-VP dissociation for supra-threshold stimuli was found. Acutely, time constants and duration of the VO and VP responses were reduced - asymmetrically for VO, as expected, but surprisingly symmetrical for perception. At recovery, VP responses normalised but VO responses remained shortened and asymmetric. Thus, unlike threshold data, supra-threshold responses show considerable VO-VP dissociation indicative of additional, higher-order processing of vestibular signals. We provide evidence of perceptual processes (ultimately cortical) participating in vestibular compensation, suppressing asymmetry acutely in unilateral vestibular lesions