Evaluation of Carotenoids and Chlorophyll as Natural Resources for Food in Spirulina Microalgae

Microalgae can produce various natural products such as pigments, enzymes, unique fatty acids and vitamins that benefit humans. The objective of the study was evaluation of carotenoids (beta carotene, zeathanthin, lutein, lycopene and astaxanthin) and chlorophyll a in spirulina microalgae. Spirulina powder has been produced by Jordan’s method in Iran. Carotenoids were extracted from Spirulina platensis by adopting a method described by Reboul; then the sample was prepared and injected into a HPLC instrument with triplicate injection. Chlorophyll`s biomass content was determined by spectrophotometer. After assaying the curves of HPLC, the amount of chlorophyll a, astaxanthin, beta carotene, lycopene, zeaxanthin and lutein in spirulina was determined as 4.3±0.14, 0.21±0.02, 7393±2.76, 741±2.32, 6652±3.69 and 424±2.83 μg/ml respectively. Beta carotene account for 80% of the carotenoids present in spirulina after that zeaxanthin was most. At last, Spirulina was a good source for carotenoids as a pro-vitamin A in organisms

Comparative effects of pure spirulina powder and other diets on larval growth and survival of green tiger shrimp, Peneaus semisulcatus

This experiment was carried out in Bandargah Station in Bushehr province. Peneaus semisulcatus larvae were fed on Spirulina platensis as supplementation microalgae. In order to use Spirulina platensis in this study, we have to produce biomass and dry production of this microalga. Determination of length and survival rate of Peneaus semisulcatus larvae was carried out as the objective of the study. Treatments including Z plus (as a supplementation without spirulina), M.C.F (as an imported enriched spirulina), the powder combination of Spirulina platensis with Z plus and Spirulina platensis as live food were compared to Cheatocerus microalgae as a control. The experiment was carried out from nauplii stage to early post larvae. The results of the experiment indicated that the powder combination of Spirulina platensis with Z plus treatment has the most survival rate (76.5%). The maximum of length (4.3mm) observed in control (Cheatocerus spp.). The maximum mortality was observed in zoa stage in spirulina microalgae treatment, because the spiral filamentous of Spirulina sp. was large

Investigation on seafood business in Islamic Republic of Iran

Seafood business is one of the important subjects in fishery activation. It is covered a wide range of fishery activation from the fishing to the table. The fishery production success is depending to the many factors. Without considering the market conditions and suitable trading the fishery activations are not commercial. Therefore considering to the different subjects is necessary. This project is one of the road map seafood processing plans. The aim of this project was to study of the world fishery production, world fish processing, marketing and fish production and treading in Iran by using current different information

Short communication: The effects of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on growth performance, blood characteristics, and digestive enzymes in Koi (Cyprinus carpio)

Microalgae are a wide group of photosynthetic heterotrophic organisms consisting of vital amino acids, protein, minerals, vitamins, chlorophylls and some forms of antioxidants and bioactive substances (Yamaguchi, 1996; Kwak et al., 2012). According to Takeuchi et al. (2002), microalgae are valuable in aquaculture and have been utilized as live feeds for larval or juvenile crustaceans and finfish, for all bivalve mollusks including oysters, scallops, clams and mussels and as a feed for zooplankton in aquaculture. Microalgae are well provided sources of vitamins, fundamental amino acids, minerals, vital fatty acids, and carotenoid pigments for aquatic animals (Takeuchi et al., 2002). Many kinds of microalgae in feeding trials with fish increase growth (protein accretion), feed utilization, physiological activity, stress response, starvation tolerance, disease resistance, carcass quality (Mustafa and Nakagawa, 1995), carotenoid , and protein sources for shrimp (Patnaik et al., 2006; Regunathan and Wesley, 2006)

Investigation on seafood business in Islamic Republic of Iran

Seafood business is one of the important subjects in fishery activation. It is covered a wide range of fishery activation from the fishing to the table. The fishery production success is depending to the many factors. Without considering the market conditions and suitable trading the fishery activations are not commercial. Therefore considering to the different subjects is necessary. This project is one of the road map seafood processing plans. The aim of this project was to study of the world fishery production, world fish processing, marketing and fish production and treading in Iran by using current different information

Species diversity in Iran aquaculture

Species diversity of aquaculture based on introduction of endemic and exotic species, for various object to aquaculture industry. AS FAO reports in 2012, about 558 different aquatic species have been used for aquaculture production. Among these, 130 marine fishes, 169 fresh water fishes, 45 species of migratory fishes, 62 crustacean, 35 aquatic plants, 4 aquatic products (pearl,), 98 invertebrates and finally 15 other aquatics included. Increasing of world aquaculture production depended on species diversity, and exotic species play the highest rank in this field. Aquaculture development program in Iran emphasized special attention on species diversity since last half century. Wide studies and researches devoted on biology, and exotic species. Iran aquaculture industry studied 27 different exotic species, and 28 endemic species for aquaculture development and sea ranching program. In addition, about 250 different ornamental aquatics, mainly non- native included in house- aquariums. Six different exotic species have the main aquaculture production in cold water, warm water and sea water environments. Rainbow trout is the main species in cold- water, while high valued endemic species of Caspian salmon has not any role in aqua culture production. In warm water fish group, chines carps and common carp are main species, but endemic species same as shirbot, Gattan, Benny and Schizotrox have not used in aquaculture production. Despite of wide researches on marine fishes of north and south sea, not endemic fishes included in aquaculture production. The new developing production of marine fish relied on non- native fish. Although specific duration of shrimp culture based on endemic species of Penaeus indicus, it is about of 10 years that shrimp production relied on exotic species of P.vannamei. In case of sturgeon fish, this new enterprise based on endemic species of Huso huso. Finally, the aquaculture industry of Iran same as most other countries relies on exotic species

A model for considering effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on quail embryonic cells

Previous experiments have shown that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields could cause serious effects on the evolution of cells. We propose a mathematical model which confirms those results. In our model, electromagnetic waves could cause the motions of ions and charges and the emergence of some currents around and in the interior of cells. These currents produce some waves which interact with the DNAs and remove or attach some repressors. Consequently, some genes could be turned on or off, and cells could obtain some properties or lose them. The frequency of the external waves should be close to the frequency of the exchanged waves between the repressors and DNAs or even bigger than them. We test this idea and did some experiments on quail embryonic cells. We connected a sample of these cells to a battery and considered their evolution. We observed that after connecting the battery and the production of electrical current, some rings around the quail embryonic cells emerged. Maybe, these rings are the response of the cells to changes in electromagnetic waves and electrical currents

National roadmap for aquatic organisms biological products

Specialists in Marine biotechnology using marine biological engineering and scientific principles to develop natural products and regarded services. One of the most important applications of this new branch is produce the natural products such as enzymes, natural colors, vaccines and drugs and etc. which produced from marine living organisms. These products are used in various industries such as pharmaceutical, food or health industry. In the current study, we try to remark the application of marine biological products in the northern (Caspian Sea), southern (Persian Gulf and Oman Sea) or internal waters of Iran into six categories, including aquaculture, pharmaceutical industry, food, healthcare and cosmetic industries. For this purpose, the required information will be collected using investigations which conducted inside and also outside of our country by reviewing and analysis of derived data by attention to our economical facilities for national self-sufficiency in production. Applied research projects will be introduced in three parts including research, technology development and pilot plant as well. Hope that using this strategic document will be effective and practical to production of biological products from marine resources until 2025

Investigation on possibility of enrichment some grain products (bread, cup cake and cookie) by using Spirulina Microalgae)

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of enrichment some grain products by using spirulina powder. For propose three different products (Shear bread, Cupcake and Layered Cookie) were selected. Spirulina platensis powder with 0.25, 0.5, 0.75,1 and 1.25% were added to the products ingredients. The no added products (0% spirulina) were used as control. The samples were produced in SAHAR BREAD CO. in industry method. Sensory evaluation, color and texture properties, proximate compositions, Iron, fatty acid and amino acid profile of the samples were determined. The changes of the price of the samples were also calculated. Results indicated that except in color parameter for 1.25% incorporation the spirulina in selected products had no significant (p>0.05) effects on sensory properties. Instrumental color (Hunter Lab) analysis showed that the L*,a* ,b* were decreased by increasing the percentage of spiraling powder in the products ingredients. Hardness of all three products decreased by increasing the spirulina amounts in the products ingredients. Significant (P0.05) changes of the fat and fatty acid content were observed in all treatments. Comparing the three prducts the highest increase in the price was observed in the spirulina bread samples

Echocardiographic diagnosis, management and monitoring of pulmonary embolism with right heart thrombus in a patient with myotonic dystrophy: a case report

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease which frequently results in life-threatening right ventricular (RV) failure. High-risk PE, presenting with hypotension, shock, RV dysfunction or right heart thrombus is associated with a high mortality, particularly during the first few hours. Accordingly, it is important to commence effective therapy as soon as possible. In the case described in this report, a 49-year-old woman with myotonic dystrophy type 1 presented with acute respiratory failure and hypotension. Transthoracic echocardiography showed signs of right heart failure and a mobile right heart mass highly suspicious of a thrombus. Based on echocardiographic findings, acute thrombolysis was performed resulting in hemodynamic stabilization of the patient and complete resolution of the right heart thrombus. This case underscores the important role of transthoracic echocardiography for the diagnosis, management and monitoring of PE and underlines the efficacy and safety of thrombolysis in the treatment of PE associated with right heart thrombus