The rule of law and the role of Courts

The paper discusses about judiciary indipendence and role of judges in the contemporary world which sees the flourishing of a culture of individual rights

Valorization of wheat bran agro-industrial byproduct as an upgrading filler for mycelium-based composite materials

When considered by a biorefinery approach, an agroindustrial byproduct such as wheat bran can find a new standing in the field of fabrication of mycelium-based materials. The present work reports on a systematic study on the effect of wheat bran as an upgrading feedstock for the growth and development of fully biobased and biodegradable composites. Two families of materials based on bran/cotton and bran/hemp mixtures were fabricated on an industrial scale. The natural materials thus obtained were fully characterized and their end-life was assessed in composting conditions. The research focusses on two main aspects: the nutritional contribution of bran for the fungal growth and its effect on the mechanical properties as a filler in the final composites. It must be noted that the valorization and exploitation of a byproduct such as bran can have a considerable impact on the industrial production of mycelium-based composite materials, by reducing the time of production while increasing their mechanical performances

Legal study on Homophobia and Discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity

This updated thematic study is a legal anlysis on Homophobia, transphobia and discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity in Italy and constitute the background information drawn on by the FRA in order to compile its comparative report 'Homophobia, transphobia and discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, 2010 Update, Comparative legal analysis'. This report answers a European Parliament request to examine the situation of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons in depth, following restrictive legislation on their rights in certain EU Member States, including Italy. The report on Italy examines the progress in relation to the scope of legal protection against sexual orientation discrimination; in relation to the enjoyment of freedom of assembly, and expression for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people as well as protection from violence motivated by prejudice, incitement to hatred and expressions of prejudice and discrimination against LGBT people; in relation to the meaning of the term \u2018family member' in the context of the law on free movement, family reunification, and asylum. The report examines the legislation and practice concerning access to gender reassignment treatment, and alteration of the recorded name or sex on official documents for those who have undergone or intend to undergo gender reassignment

Negative parental responses to coming out and family functioning in a sample of lesbian and gay young adults

Parental responses to youths' coming out (CO) are crucial to the subsequent adjustment of children and family. The present study investigated the negative parental reaction to the disclosure of same-sex attraction and the differences between maternal and paternal responses, as reported by their homosexual daughters and sons. Participants' perceptions of their parents' reactions (evaluated through the Perceived Parental Reactions Scale, PPRS), age at coming out, gender, parental political orientation, and religiosity involvement, the family functioning (assessed through the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales, FACES IV), were assessed in 164 Italian gay and lesbian young adults. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relation between family functioning and parental reaction to CO. The paired sample t-test was used to compare mothers and fathers' scores on the PPRS. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to analyze the relevance of each variable. No differences were found between mothers and fathers in their reaction to the disclosure. The analysis showed that a negative reaction to coming out was predicted by parents' right-wing political conservatism, strong religious beliefs, and higher scores in the scales Rigid and Enmeshed. Findings confirm that a negative parental reaction is the result of poor family resources to face a stressful situation and a strong belief in traditional values. These results have important implications in both clinical and social fields

Waiting times for diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents referred to Italian ADHD centers must be reduced

BACKGROUND: To investigate timely access to and the time needed to complete the diagnostic path of children and adolescents with suspected attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the 18 Italian Lombardy Region ADHD reference centers. METHODS: Data of children and adolescents enrolled in the Regional ADHD disease-oriented Registry for suspected ADHD who requested their first visit in 2013-2017 were analyzed. RESULTS: The sample comprised 2262 children and adolescents aged 5-17\u2009years who accessed the ADHD centers for diagnostic classification and management. The median waiting time was of 177\u2009days (range 66-375) from the request for the initial appointment to the completion of the diagnostic path, with a three - fold difference between centers. In addition to the center, the strongest significant predictors of long waiting times were age comorbidities, the severity of the disorder, and having already completed some diagnostic procedures provided by the common standard path. CONCLUSIONS: To guarantee an equal standard of care in ADHD centers for all children and adolescents there is a pressing need to reduce the times to complete the diagnostic path. It is the task of both policymakers and each center to optimize the quality of the service and of the care delivered

Italian regional health service costs for diagnosis and 1-year treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents

The main aim of this study was to estimate the costs associated with diagnostic assessment and 1-year therapy in children and adolescents enrolled in 18 ADHD reference centres. Data concerning 1887 children and adolescents from the mandatory ADHD registry database during the 2012-2014 period were analysed. The overall diagnostic and treatment costs per patient amounts to \u20ac574 and \u20ac830, respectively. The ADHD centre, the school as sender, and the time to diagnosis constitute cost drivers. Non-pharmacological therapy resulted as being more expensive for patients concomitantly treated with drugs (\u20ac929) compared to those treated with psychological interventions alone (\u20ac590; p=0.006). This study gives the first and reliable estimate of the costs associated with both diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in Italy. Although costs associated with mental disorders are difficult to estimate, continuing efforts are need to define costs and resources to guarantee appropriate care, also for ADHD

Court's relations

An account about the different kinds of relationships a Court has with a number of audiences on many levels of its activit

Riconoscimento e riconciliazione

Riflessione sull'idea di giustizia riparativa in Carlo Maria Martin

Le Eumenidi: una parola di giustizia

L'articolo ripercorre il mito della fondazione del primo tribunale che supera l'idea di giustizia come vendetta privata e sottolinea l'importanza del ruolo della parola e dell'argomentazion

Intervento in "Presentazione del volume: M. Cartabia - L. Violante, Giustizia e mito. Con Edipo, Antigone e Creonte (il Mulino, Bologna, 2018). Facoltà di Giurisprudenza della Sapienza Università di Roma. 27 settembre 2018

Presentazione all'Università Sapienza di Roma del libro "Giustizia e mito" scritto con Luciano Violant