THE STRUCTURE OF THE SIBERIAN GEOGRAPHICAL FLORAL ELEMENT IN THE MIDDLE SIBERIAN FOREST STEPPES

Background. The ultimate goal of studies of any flora is the clarification of the history of vegetation cover and individual taxa formation in the studied region, determination of the degree of its individuality, of floristic links with other territories, and of regularities in flora formation.Materials and methods. The flora of vascular plants in the island forest steppes of Middle Siberia, i. e. of the Krasnoyarsk, Kansk and Achinsk forest steppes, identified by the specific floras method of A. I. Tolmachev, was chosen as the object of research. The purpose of the paper was to study the structure of the Siberian geographical element in the steppe flora, characteristics of the types of constituent distribution areas selected on the basis of the phytochorion concept. The basis for determining the types of habitats was the planetary regionalization scheme by A. L. Takhtajan, complemented by statistical convergent zonation for Siberia by L. I. Malyshev, and for the Russian Far East by R. V. Kamelin.Results. The territory of the Middle Siberian forest steppes is a part of the Altai-Yenisei Province. The Krasnoyarsk, Kansk and Achinsk forest steppes (Krasnoyarsk Territory) are the most northern parts of the region (55°28’–57°28’N, 89°– 96°40’E). Twenty-six local floras were examined. Ten distribution area types were identified within the Siberian geographical element of the boreal group according to the names of sub-regions and provinces (154 species, 11.12%), limiting their distribution from West to East or from East to West, including all intermediate Siberian provinces between them. All types of distribution areas were combined into four large subgroups, namely Siberian, West Siberian, Middle Siberian, and East Siberian. Names of geographical elements were composed from the names of several phytochoria, in which they had been registered, according to the rules by M. G. Popov.Conclusions. The Siberian geographical element rates third in all three forest steppes after the Euro-Siberian and Circumboreal geographical elements. In the flora of the Middle Siberian forest steppes Siberian elements amount to 11%, among which the Middle Siberian ones prevail (4.4%, 61 species) due to the geographical position of the flora. The fraction of species distributed throughout Siberia is 3.25% (45 species), followed by East Siberian species (2.24%, 31 species) and West Siberian ones (1.23%, 17 species)

TUTORING AS A FORM OF PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS’ INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORIES

Purpose: The key provisions on which the tutor relies on the context of his work are the principles underlying open education: transparency; flexibility; continuity; variability; individual approach; individualization. Methodology: The relevance of the study is associated with the processes characteristic of the school system in modern Russia (modernization, optimization, change in the structural foundations), as well as the objective need of society in the search for fundamentally new approaches to the content and construction of the educational process in the educational institution. Result: Tutoring should be considered as a resource of individual evolution of personality, as a form of productive exploitation of open education opportunities for the development of individual educational programs, taking into account the specifics of a particular student. As pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the model of tutor support of the formation of basic school students’ research skills should be considered: innovative educational environment; scientific and methodological provision of tutor support of the process of building basic school students’ research skills; professional skills of the tutor. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Tutoring as a Form of Pedagogical Support of Students’ Individual Educational Trajectories is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

FUNCTIONAL FOOD COMPOSITIONS BASED ON WHEY PROTEIN ISOLATE, FISH OIL AND SOY PHOSPHOLIPIDS

The aim of the research was to study the impact of whey protein isolate on the solubility and oxidative stability of the lipid composition based on soy phosphatidylcholine and fish oil. The relationship between the molecular parameters (density; ζ-potential) of the formed complex particles and their functional properties was found using laser light scattering (static, dynamic, electrophoretic) and spectrophotometry. The studied compositions could be used as the basis for the development of multifunctional food additives with an objective of the enrichment of foods and beverages with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The main advantages of such composition are a high level of protection of the lipids against oxidation and degradation, a high solubility in an aqueous medium and the clean label.The aim of the research was to study the impact of whey protein isolate on the solubility and oxidative stability of the lipid composition based on soy phosphatidylcholine and fish oil. The relationship between the molecular parameters (density; ζ-potential) of the formed complex particles and their functional properties was found using laser light scattering (static, dynamic, electrophoretic) and spectrophotometry. The studied compositions could be used as the basis for the development of multifunctional food additives with an objective of the enrichment of foods and beverages with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The main advantages of such composition are a high level of protection of the lipids against oxidation and degradation, a high solubility in an aqueous medium and the clean label

Five-Year Optical and Near Infrared Observations of the Extremely Slow Nova V1280 Scorpii

We present optical ($B$, $V$, $R_{\rm c}$, $I_{\rm c}$ and $y$) and near infrared ($J$, $H$ and $K_{\rm s}$) photometric and spectroscopic observations of a classical nova V1280 Scorpii for five years from 2007 to 2011. Our photometric observations show a declining event in optical bands shortly after the maximum light which continues $\sim$ 250 days. The event is most probably caused by a dust formation. The event is accompanied by a short ($\sim$ 30 days) re-brightening episode ($\sim$ 2.5 mag in $V$), which suggests a re-ignition of the surface nuclear burning. After 2008, the $y$ band observations show a very long plateau at around $y$ = 10.5 for more than 1000 days until April 2011 ($\sim$ 1500 days after the maximum light). The nova had taken a very long time ($\sim$ 50 months) before entering the nebular phase (clear detection of both [\ion{O}{iii}] 4959 and 5007) and is still continuing to generate the wind caused by H-burning. The finding suggests that V1280 Sco is going through the historically slowest evolution. The interval from the maximum light (2007 February 16) to the beginning of the nebular phase is longer than any previously known slow novae: V723 Cas (18 months), RR Pic (10 months), or HR Del (8 months). It suggests that the mass of a white dwarf in the V1280 Sco system might be 0.6 M_\mathrm{\sun} or smaller. The distance, based on our measurements of the expansion velocity combined with the directly measured size of the dust shell, is estimated to be 1.1 $\pm$ 0.5 kpc.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Systemic vasculitides: сlinical cases

Systemic vasculitides (SV) are a group of diseases characterized by vessel wall inflammation that leads to ischemic changes in the organs and tissues, which the respective vessels supply blood to; the spectrum of the clinical manifestations of SV depends on the type, size, location of the affected vessels, and on the activity of systemic inflammation. The etiology of the majority of primary vasculitides is unknown. It is assumed that many microorganisms may initiate inflammation of vessels of various sizes, but only some forms of SV (and in some patients) can be clearly related to certain causative and/or trigger factors (drug hypersensitivity, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, etc.). The paper gives clinical examples of the timely diagnosis and treatment of 2 SV cases in young men working on the railway of the town of Ruzaevka

A herd immunity to measles and rubella viruses in the population of the Republic of Serbia

According to the WHO Strategic Plan, measles should be eradicated in 2020 in the five WHO Regions including European Region. However, large measles outbreaks are being periodically registered in diverse European countries. In the Republic of Serbia (SRB), 5,076 measles cases were detected in 2018, among which 15 cases were fatal.Aim of the study was to examine herd immunity to measles and rubella viruses in the population of the Republic of Serbia.Materials and methods. Blood serum samples obtained in 2018 and 2019 from conditionally healthy residents of the Republic of Serbia were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies to measles and rubella viruses in five age groups: I — children from 2 to 6 years old, II — children from 8 to 14 years old, III — 15 to 24 years old, IV — 25 to 49 years old and V — over 50 years old. A total of 1000 samples were obtained, 200 sera in each group. Enzygnost® Anti-Measles virus/IgG and Enzygnost® Anti-Rubella virus/IgG ELISA test systems (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Germany) were used according to the manufacturer's instructions.Results. Overall, around 23.0% and 33.7% of the surveyed persons had no or low level of anti-measles IgG antibody (≥ 275.0 — ≤ 1000.0 IU/1). In age group I, 60% children contained no or “low” anti-measles antibodies titer (29.5% and 30.5%, respectively). In addition, low antibody titer level was mainly detected in individuals from age group II and III (p < 0.05). A third of children under 8—14 contained high IgG-antibodies titer against measles (> 3000.0 IU/l) that might serve as an evidence that such subjects recently recovered after measles. Similar results were obtained for IgG antibodies to rubella in the same age groups.Discussion. The study results evidence about altered routine immunization against measles and rubella in children aged 12—15 months (first vaccination) and those at age of 6—7 years (revaccination) with MMR vaccine. The data obtained correlate with official data on coverage with measles and rubella vaccines in the Republic of Serbia

Implementation of the program of measles elimination in the WHO African region

The review is devoted to the analysis of the available literature on the elimination of measles. The review focuses on the current measles epidemic situation in the African Region (AFR) and the implementation of the WHO strategic plan for the elimination of measles in AFR by 2020. Measles in the AFR is characterized by a severe course with a high risk of death due to malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, concomitant bacterial and viral infections, and malaria. In 2015, 105,256 cases of measles were reported in the WHO African Region, most of them among children under 5 years old, 79% of whom were not vaccinated or had unknown vaccine status. Initially, the strategy for implementing the measles elimination program in AFRs was based on a combination of immunization campaigns for children under 14 years of age (coverage of more than 90%) and routine vaccination of at least 90% of children aged 9–15 months. It was recommended to repeat the campaign of mass immunization of children aged 9 months up to 4 years every 3–5 years. The use of this strategy has reduced the number of measles cases by 83–97% during the first year of additional immunization programs. The recommended age of routine measles vaccination in AFRs is 9 months — a strategy to reduce infant mortality, including that due to complications of measles. In 2016, measles vaccination was introduced into the national immunization schedule in all AFR countries, and 24 countries introduced revaccination. Currently, the measles elimination program in a number of AFR countries is based on two-dose immunization (MCV1 and MCV2). The measles prevention program in a number of AFR countries was disrupted due to the Ebola epidemic. There are some common problems in the realization of the program in AFR countries. All AFR countries are committed to the measles elimination program. The review provides information on strategies and successes in overcoming challenges to achieve the goals set for the WHO African Region in the implementation of the programme of measles elimination

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SUPERHYDROPHOBIC COATINGS

The purpose of this research is to find the most suitable way to measure different angles which characterize the properties of the hydrophobic coatings and to create new composition with the best properties possible nowadays

НОВАЯ КУЛЬТУРА ДЛЯ САЛАТНЫХ ЛИНИЙ – РЕПА ЛИСТОВАЯ

The collaborative work on growing of leafy turnip in condition of salad production line was conducted in ООО PKF «AGROTIP». The possibility of obtaining of ecologically safety salad turnip of cv. Selekta, Sapfir, and Biryuza at hydroponic system are shown. Data of yield, productivity, and content of ascorbic acid in green leaf of turnip growing in condition of flow hydroponic system are presented. The possibilities of using of tested turnip varieties in modern agrotechnological systems are discussed.Проведены совместные исследования по выращиванию репы листовой в условиях «салатныхкомплексов» на экспериментальной базе ООО «ПКФ «АГРОТИП». Показаны возможности получения экологически безопасной салатной зелени репы листовой новых сортов Селекта, Сапфир и Бирюза на проточной гидропонике. В данных условиях растения репы за 26 суток достигали массы от 88 до 182 г, в то время как у салата это происходит за 32 суток. Наиболее быстрыми темпами роста отличались сорта Селекта и Бирюза. Оценка биохимического состава салатной зелени репы показала, что в проточной культуре содержание аскорбиновой кислоты несколько ниже по сравнению с традиционной технологией, что, однако, не снижает ценности полученной продукции, которая при этом характеризуется очень низким накоплением нитратов. Таким образом, в зимнее время за один месяц при досвечивании на линии проточной гидропоники получена экологически чистая (низкое накопление нитратов) салатная зелень листовой репы сортов Сапфир, Бирюза и Селекта, что говорит о новых возможностях использования сортов ФГБНУ ВНИИССОК в современных агротехнологиях

Quality of colonoscopy in an emerging country: A prospective, multicentre study in Russia

Background: The quality of colonoscopy has been related to a higher risk of interval cancer, and this issue has been addressed extensively in developed countries. The aim of our study was to explore the main quality indicators of colonoscopy in a large emerging country. Methods: Consecutive patients referred for colonoscopy in 14 centres were prospectively included between July and October 2014. Before colonoscopy, several clinical and demographic variables were collected. Main quality indicators (i.e. caecal intubation rate, (advanced) adenoma detection rate, rate of adequate cleansing and sedation) were collected. Data were analysed at per patient and per centre level (only for those with at least 100 cases). Factors associated with caecal intubation rate and adenoma detection rate were explored at multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 8829 (males: 35%; mean age: 57 + 14 years) patients were included, with 11 centres enrolling at least 100 patients. Screening (including non-alarm symptoms) accounted for 59% (5188/8829) of the indications. Sedation and split preparation were used in 26% (2294/8829) and 25% (2187/8829) of the patients. Caecal intubation was achieved in 7616 patients (86%), and it was ≥85% in 8/11 (73%) centres. Adenoma detection rate was 18% (1550/8829), and it was higher than 20% in five (45%) centres, whilst it was lower than 10% in four (33%) centres. At multivariate analysis, age (OR: 1.020, 95% CI: 1.015–1.024), male sex (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.3), alarm symptoms (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7–2), split preparation (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2–1.6), caecal intubation rate (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3–1.9) and withdrawal time measurement (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.6–2.1) were predictors of a higher adenoma detection rate, while adequate preparation (OR: 3.4: 95% CI: 2.9–3.9) and sedation (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.6) were the strongest predictors of caecal intubation rate. Conclusions: According to our study, there is a substantial intercentre variability in the main quality indicators. Overall, the caecal intubation rate appears to be acceptable in most centres, whilst the overall level of adenoma detection appears low, with less than half of the centres being higher than 20%. Educational and quality assurance programs, including higher rates of sedation and split regimen of preparation, may be necessary to increase the key quality indicators