An Examination of the Leadership Practices of University Presidents of Land-Grant Universities in the United States

A great deal of research has been done to understand leadership styles in different organizational settings. In this study, the researcher focused on the leadership practices of university presidents of land-grant universities (LGUs) in the United States. The study examined the leadership practices of presidents of land-grant universities as described by Kouzes and Posner (2002). Moreover, this study aimed to find whether a difference existed among university presidents in terms of leadership practices. Using a mixed research method, the researcher conducted an individual LPI self-survey and five interviews to answer the research questions. The findings indicate that university presidents engaged highly in all five leadership practices that were discussed by Kouzes and Posner (2002). University presidents understand the importance of each practice that impacts the quality of leadership as well as the organizational performance. Furthermore, the study indicated there is a difference in terms of leadership practices among university presidents. In sum, there was a unique pattern established among the presidents at land-grant universities related to leadership practices. First, the leadership practice of Enabling Others to Act is the main practice, although presidents could somehow not detach it from the concept of Modeling the Way. Presidents discussed the importance of enabling others while they related to modeling the way or vice versa. The second part of the leadership model is that the leadership practices model a process in which all five practices work together to achieve the ultimate goal. This is how the presidents of land-grant universities described their leadership practices

Modelling vehicle emissions from an urban air-quality perspective:testing vehicle emissions interdependencies

Abstract This thesis employs a statistical regression method to estimate models for testing the hypothesis of the thesis of vehicle emissions interdependencies. The thesis at the beginnings, reviews critically the formation of emissions in gasoline-fuelled engines, and also reviews existing and emerging models of automotive emissions. The thesis then, presents the relationships between the urban transport system and vehicle emissions. Particularly, it summarises different types of emissions and the contributory factors of the urban transport system to such emissions. Subsequently, the thesis presents the theory of vehicle emissions interdependencies and the empirical framework for testing the hypothesis of the thesis. The scope of testing the hypothesis of the thesis is only limited to gasoline-fuelled conventional vehicles in the urban transport environment. We use already available laboratory-based testing dataset of 542 passenger vehicles, to investigate the hypothesis of the thesis of vehicle emissions interdependencies. HC, CO, and NOX emissions were collected under six test drive-cycles, for each vehicle before and after vehicles were tuned. Prior to using any application, we transform the raw dataset into actionable information. We use three steps, namely conversion, cleaning, and screening, to process the data. We use classification and regression trees (CART) to narrow down the input number of variables in the models formulated for investigating the hypothesis of the thesis. We then, utilise initial results of the analysis to fix any remaining problems in the data. We employ three stage least squares (3SLS) regression to test the hypothesis of the thesis, and to estimate the maximum likelihood of vehicle variables and other emissions to influence HC, CO, and NOX emissions simultaneously. We estimate twelve models, each of which consists of a system of three simulations equations that accounts for the endogenous relations between HC, CO and NOX emissions when estimating vehicle emissions simultaneously under each test drive-cycle. The major contribution of the thesis is to investigate the inter-correlations between vehicle emissions within a well controlled data set, and to test the hypothesis of vehicle emissions interdependencies. We find that HC, CO, and NOX are endogenously or jointly dependent in a system of simultaneous-equations. The results of the analysis demonstrate that there is strong evidence against the null hypothesis (H0) in favour of the alternative hypothesis (H1) that HC, CO, and NOX are statistically significantly interdependent. We find, for the thesis sample, that NOX and CO are negatively related, whereas HC and CO emissions are positively related, and HC and NOX are positively related. The results of the thesis yield new insights. They bridge a very important gap in the current knowledge on vehicle emissions. They advance not only our current knowledge that HC, CO, and NOX should be predicted jointly since they are produced jointly, but also acknowledge the appropriateness of using 3SLS regression for estimating vehicle emissions simultaneously. The thesis measures the responses of emissions to changes with respect to changes in the other emissions. We investigate emission responses to a one percent increase in an emission with respect to the other emissions. We find the relationship between CO and NOX is of special interest. After vehicles were tuned, we find those vehicles that exhibit a one percent increase in NOX exhibit simultaneously a 0.35 percent average decrease in CO. Similarly, we find that vehicles which exhibit a one percent increase in CO exhibit simultaneously a 0.22 percent average decrease in NOX. We find that the responses of emission to changes with respect to other emissions vary with various test drive-cycles. Nonetheless, a band of upper and lower limits contains these variations. After vehicle tuning, a one percent increase in HC is associated with an increase in NOX between 0.5 percent and 0.8 percent, and an increase in CO between 0.5 percent and one percent Also, for post-tuning vehicles, a one percent increase in CO is associated with an increase in HC between 0.4 percent and 0.9 percent, and a decrease in NOX between 0.07 percent and 0.32 percent. Moreover, a one percent increase in NOX is associated with increase in HC between 0.8 percent and 1.3 percent, and a decrease in CO between 0.02 percent and 0.7 percent. These measures of the responses are very important derivatives of the hypothesis investigated in the thesis. They estimate the impacts of traffic management schemes and vehicle operations that target reducing one emission, on the other non-targeted emissions. However, we must be cautious in extending the results of the thesis to the modern vehicles fleet. The modern fleet differs significantly in technology from the dataset that we use in this thesis. The dataset consists of measurements of HC, CO, and NOX emissions for 542 gasoline-fuelled passenger vehicles, under six test drive-cycles, before and after the vehicles were tuned. Nevertheless, the dataset has a number of limitations such as limited model year range, limited representations of modal operations, and limitations of the measurements of emissions based only on averages of test drive-cycles, in addition to the exclusion of high-emitter emission measurements from the dataset. The dataset has a limited model year range, i.e., between 1980 and 1991. We highlight the age of the dataset, and acknowledge that the present vehicle fleet varies technologically from the vehicles in the dataset used in this thesis. Furthermore, the dataset has a limited number of makes - Holden, Ford, Toyota, Nissan, and Mitsubishi. There are also a limited number of modal operations. The model operations presented in the dataset are cold start, warming-up, and hot stabilised driving conditions. However, enrichment episodes are not adequately presented in the test-drive cycles of the dataset. Moreover, the dataset does not take into account driving behaviour influences, and all measurements are cycle-based averages. The emission measurements of laboratory-based testings are aggregated over a test drive cycle, and the test drive-cycle represents an average trip over an average speed. The exclusion of the measurements of high emitting vehicles from the dataset introduces further limitations. Remote sensing studies show that 20 percent of the on-road vehicle fleet is responsible for 80 percent of HC and CO emissions. The findings of the thesis assist in the identification of the best strategies to mitigate the most adverse effects of air-pollution, such as the most severe pollution that have the most undesirable pollution effects. Also, they provide decision-makers with valuable information on how changes in the operation of the transport system influence the urban air-quality. Moreover, the thesis provides information on how vehicle emissions affect the chemistry of the atmosphere and degrade the urban air-quality

Hukum Perbankan dalam Sistem Operasional Bank Konvensional dan Bank Syariah

Hukum Perbankan dalam Sistem Operasional Bank Konvensional dan Bank Syariah. Dengan terbentuknya Bank Syariah, merupakan fenomena besar dalam dunia perbankan di Indonesia, sehingga masyarakat memiliki alternatif untuk memiliki jasa Bank Konvensional atau bank syariah. Dengan pertimbangan bahwa bank konvesional menggunakan sistem operasional interest foregone (bunga efektif) dan bank syariah menggunakan sistem operasional bagi hasil berdasarkan prinsip masyarakat al mutanaqisah (kombinasi musyarakah dan ijarah) dalam ketentuan syariat Islam

PERILAKU KONSUMERISME DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS BHAYANGKARA MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE SHOP (SHOPEE)

Online shop dapat menjadi ladang bisnis bagi para remaja, karena penggunaannya yang gratis, praktis, serta dapat menjual berbagai jenis produk yang dapat dicari atau diakses oleh banyak orang secara luas. Kini, online shop pun sudah menawarkan berbagai jenis platform yang dimana didalamnya memiliki keunggulan serta kelebihan pada tiap masing-masing platform tersebut. Namun sangat disanyangkan kebanyakan anak muda di era modern ini lebih sering membeli suatu produk yang tidak memiliki manfaat sama sekali. Dan biasanya hal tersebut dilakukan karena termakan oleh rasa gengsi, hanya ingin tampil modis dan dipandang keren oleh orang disekitarnya, dan lain sebagainya, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku konsumerisme pada penggunaan online shop yang difokuskan di kalangan remaja khususnya pada mahasiswa di Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, peneliti melakukan obseravasi serta wawancara pada tiga informan yang berasal dari mahasiswa Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi, Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku konsumerisme ditunjukkan dengan adanya pengaruh dari kondisi sosial yang menunjukkan pada perkembangan tren tertentu. Ditambah dengan adanya tekanan dari luas serta gaya hidup konsumtif yang menjadi penyebab para informan harus membeli barang melalui online shop tertentu, khususnya pada aplikasi Shopee

Analisa Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Permintaan Sukuk Ritel-i (Periode Maret 2009-juni 2010)

Sukuk has been popular topic of study among investors and researchers from 2009 untilnow. This study is aimed to oversee the correlation and the influence of banking depositinterest rates, the level of revenue sharing of banking deposits, Sukuk State Retail price on thelevel of demand for state retail sukuk, and other bond prices to the level of demand of IslamicRetail Goverment Bond. The coherent time used in this study is data from March 2009until June 2010. From the analysis of data using VAR methods, this study found that partiallyeach independent variable has a significant effect on the level of demand for retailgovernment sukuk. The result strengthens the hypothesis that jointly each independent variablehas significant influence on the secondary market demand for sukuk. The sharia instrumentshave potential strength to affect the demand of retail sukuk bigger than the conventionalones

A Free Exchange e-Marketplace for Digital Services

The digital era is witnessing a remarkable evolution of digital services. While the prospects are countless, the e-marketplaces of digital services are encountering inherent game-theoretic and computational challenges that restrict the rational choices of bidders. Our work examines the limited bidding scope and the inefficiencies of present exchange e-marketplaces. To meet challenges, a free exchange e-marketplace is proposed that follows the free market economy. The free exchange model includes a new bidding language and a double auction mechanism. The rule-based bidding language enables the flexible expression of preferences and strategic conduct. The bidding message holds the attribute-valuations and bidding rules of the selected services. The free exchange deliberates on attributes and logical bidding rules for automatic deduction and formation of elicited services and bids that result in a more rapid self-managed multiple exchange trades. The double auction uses forward and reverse generalized second price auctions for the symmetric matching of multiple digital services of identical attributes and different quality levels. The proposed double auction uses tractable heuristics that secure exchange profitability, improve truthful bidding and deliver stable social efficiency. While the strongest properties of symmetric exchanges are unfeasible game-theoretically, the free exchange converges rapidly to the social efficiency, Nash truthful stability, and weak budget balance by multiple quality-levels cross-matching, constant learning and informs at repetitive thick trades. The empirical findings validate the soundness and viability of the free exchange

A High Performance and Efficient TCP Variant

With emergence of the latest technology and deployment of wireless mobile networks for data communication services, the need of the people has also been increased. There has been a significant effort to tune TCP for these networks. The performance of TCP is affected due to several factors including the congestion window, maximum packet size; retry limit, recovery mechanism, backup mechanism and mobility. The proposed TCP variants are successful in fixed networks but did not yield good results in a mobile wireless network. In this Work, we propose a new TCP variant named UB by integrating the features of TCP Westwood and Vegas. TCP-UB provides better performance than the other TCP variants from the mobility point of view. We have simulated our algorithm using NS2.28 which shows that TCP-UB achieves superior performance over TCP Vegas and Westwood

A Highly Accurate and Reliable Data Fusion Framework for Guiding Visually Impaired

Wafa Elmannai and Khaled Elleithy's poster on creating a wearable device to assist the visually impaired in increasing their safety and mobility

Cost Analysis of 5th Generation Technology

In the global telecommunication manufacturing, the wireless telecommunication advertises is recognized as the wildest and the most dynamic growing sections over the past years. However, due to the science’s improvement, the modern world started to shrink. Also, the human’s technical requirements are enhancing over the time. Meanwhile, the new generations seem to be a merging of the existing technologies into a particular platform. However, as the internet generations started to be adapted and growth over the world and it can be used wherever the people go; so, Mobile access broadband is reality. 5G systems are the hottest topic to many researchers, although 4G systems are being deployed. Now a day, 5G is not being officially used yet by any company or calibration bodies as WiMAX Forum, ITU-R or 3GPP. Our main focus in this paper is to analyze the cost of both 4G and 5G and how the people can feel the progress with 5G but less price than 4G

Computer Vision-Based Framework for Supporting the Mobility of the Visually Impaired

Faculty Research Day 2018: Doctoral Student Poster 1st PlaceThis poster presents an intelligent framework that includes several types of sensors embedded in a wearable device to support the visually impaired (VI) community. The proposed work is based on an integration of sensor-based techniques and a computer vision-based in order to introduce an efficient and economical visual device. The 98% accuracy rate of the proposed sequence is based on a wide detection view that used two camera modules. In this framework, we use several computer vision algorithms including Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Random sample consensus (RANSAC), and K-mean. However, the novelty of this work is the obstacle avoidance approach that is based on the image depth and fuzzy control rules. The results of our real time experiments emphasize that the proposed collision avoidance approach is able to aid the VI users in avoiding 100% of detected objects