4,805 research outputs found
A new HW Vir binary from the Palomar Transient Factory: PTF1 J072455.75+125300.3 - An eclipsing subdwarf B binary with a M-star companion
We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary -- PTF1 J072456125301--
composed of a subdwarf B (sdB) star () with a faint companion.
Subdwarf B stars are core helium-burning stars, which can be found on the
extreme horizontal branch. About half of them reside in close binary systems,
but few are known to be eclipsing, for which fundamental stellar parameters can
be derived.\newline We conducted an analysis of photometric data and spectra
from the Palomar 60'' and the 200" Hale telescope respectively. A quantitative
spectral analysis found an effective temperature of
\,K, log g = and
log(, typical for an sdB star. The
companion does not contribute to the optical light of the system, except
through a distinct reflection effect. From the light curve an orbital period of
0.09980(25)\,d and a system inclination of 83.56\pm0.30\,^{\circ} were
derived. The radial velocity curve yielded an orbital semi-amplitude of
K_1=95.8\pm 8.1\,\text{km s^{-1}}. The mass for the M-type dwarf companion
is . PTF1\,J072456125301 has similar atmospheric
parameters to those of pulsating sdB stars (V346 Hya stars). Therefore it could
be a high-priority object for asteroseismology, if pulsations were detected
such as in the enigmatic case of NY Vir.Comment: Accepted to A&A, 7pages, 4 figure
Radio Pulse Properties of the Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0437-4715. I. Observations at 20cm
We present a total of 48 minutes of observations of the nearby, bright
millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 taken at the Parkes radio observatory in
Australia. The data were obtained at a central radio frequency of 1380 MHz
using a high-speed tape recorder that permitted coherent Nyquist sampling of 50
MHz of bandwidth in each of two polarizations. Using the high time resolution
available from this voltage recording technique, we have studied a variety of
single-pulse properties, most for the first time in a millisecond pulsar. We
find no evidence for "diffractive" quantization effects in the individual pulse
arrival times or amplitudes as have been reported for this pulsar at lower
radio frequency using coarser time resolution (Ables et al. 1997). Overall, we
find that the single pulse properties of PSR J0437-4715 are similar to those of
the common slow-rotating pulsars, even though this pulsar's magnetosphere and
surface magnetic field are several orders of magnitude smaller than those of
the general population. The pulsar radio emission mechanism must therefore be
insensitive to these fundamental neutron star properties.Comment: 24 Postscript pages, 11 eps figures. Accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journal. Abbreviated abstract follow
Rapid continuous chemical analysis of meat chicken shed emissions by SIFTâMS
Assessing and addressing odour impacts from poultry production is extremely difficult and subjective because the odorants involved and their dynamics over time and space are poorly understood. This knowledge gap is due, in part, to the lack of suitable analytical tools for measuring and monitoring odorants in the field. The emergence of Selected Ion Flow Tube â Mass Spectrometry (SIFTâMS) and similar instruments is changing that. These tools can rapidly quantify targeted odorants in ambient air in real time, even at very low concentrations. Such data is essential for developing better odour abatement strategies, assessment methods and odour dispersion models.
This project trialled a SIFTâMS to determine its suitability for assessing the odorants in meat chicken shed emissions over time and space. This report details evaluations in New Zealand and Australia to determine the potential of SIFTâMS as a tool for the chicken meat industry, including odour measurement (as a proxy for dynamic olfactometry).
The report is specifically targeted at those funding and conducting poultry odour research. It will be of interest to those involved with environmental odour monitoring and assessment in general. The high upfront cost of SIFTâMS will lead to potential users wanting compelling evidence that SIFTâMS will meet their needs before they invest in one
Metal Doping in Topological Insulators- A Key for Tunable Generation of Terahertz
The unique surface edge states make topological insulators a primary focus
among different applications. In this article, we synthesized a large single
crystal of Niobium(Nb)-doped Bi2Se3 topological insulator (TI) with a formula
Nb0.25Bi2Se3. The single crystal has characterized by using various techniques
such as Powder X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD), DC magnetization measurements,
Raman, and Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy (TRUS). There are (00l)
reflections in the PXRD, and Superconductivity ingrown crystal is evident from
clearly visible diamagnetic transition at 2.5K in both FC and ZFC measurements.
The Raman spectroscopy is used to find the different vibrational modes in the
sample. Further, the sample is excited by a pump of 1.90 eV, and a kinetic
decay profile at 1.38 eV is considered for terahertz analysis. The differential
decay profile has different vibrations, and these oscillations have analyzed in
terms of terahertz. This article not only provides evidence of terahertz
generation in Nb-doped sample along with undoped sample but also show that the
dopant atom changes the dynamics of charge carriers and thereby the shift in
the Terahertz frequency response. In conclusion, a suitable dopant can be used
as a processor for the tunability of terahertz frequency in TI.Comment: 16 Pages Text + Figs: Comments/suggestions welcom
Two dimensional dynamical systems which admit Lie and Noether symmetries
We prove two theorems which relate the Lie point symmetries and the Noether
symmetries of a dynamical system moving in a Riemannian space with the special
projective group and the homothetic group of the space respectively. The
theorems are applied to classify the two dimensional Newtonian dynamical
systems, which admit a Lie point/Noether symmetry. Two cases are considered,
the non-conservative and the conservative forces. The use of the results is
demonstrated for the Kepler - Ermakov system, which in general is
non-conservative and for potentials similar to the H\`enon Heiles potential.
Finally it is shown that in a FRW background with no matter present, the only
scalar cosmological model which is integrable is the one for which 3-space is
flat and the potential function of the scalar field is exponential. It is
important to note that in all applications the generators of the symmetry
vectors are found by reading the appropriate entry in the relevant tables.Comment: 25 pages, 17 table
Improving the Sensitivity of LISA
It has been shown in the past, that the six Doppler data streams obtained
LISA configuration can be combined by appropriately delaying the data streams
for cancelling the laser frequency noise. Raw laser noise is several orders of
magnitude above the other noises and thus it is essential to bring it down to
the level of shot, acceleration noises. A rigorous and systematic formalism
using the techniques of computational commutative algebra was developed which
generates all the data combinations cancelling the laser frequency noise. The
relevant data combinations form a first module of syzygies. In this paper we
use this formalism for optimisation of the LISA sensitivity by analysing the
noise and signal covariance matrices. The signal covariance matrix, averaged
over polarisations and directions, is calculated for binaries whose frequency
changes at most adiabatically. We then present the extremal SNR curves for all
the data combinations in the module. They correspond to the eigenvectors of the
noise and signal covariance matrices. We construct LISA `network' SNR by
combining the outputs of the eigenvectors which improves the LISA sensitivity
substantially. The maximum SNR curve can yield an improvement upto 70 % over
the Michelson, mainly at high frequencies, while the improvement using the
network SNR ranges from 40 % to over 100 %. Finally, we describe a simple toy
model, in which LISA rotates in a plane. In this analysis, we estimate the
improvement in the LISA sensitivity, if one switches from one data combination
to another as it rotates. Here the improvement in sensitivity, if one switches
optimally over three cyclic data combinations of the eigenvector is about 55 %
on an average over the LISA band-width. The corresponding SNR improvement is 60
%, if one maximises over the module.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to Class. Quant. Gravit
Molecular Auger Interferometry
We propose a theory of interferometric measurement of a normal Auger decay width in molecules. Molecular Auger interferometry is based on the coherent phase control of Auger dynamics in a two-colour (Ï/2Ï) laser field. We show that, in contrast to atoms, in oriented molecules of certain point groups (e.g. CH3F) the relative Ï/2Ï phase modulates the total ionisation yield. A simple analytical formula is derived for the extraction of the widths of Auger-active states from a molecular Auger interferogram, avoiding the need of either attosecond or high-resolution spectroscopy
Contact complete integrability
Complete integrability in a symplectic setting means the existence of a
Lagrangian foliation leaf-wise preserved by the dynamics. In the paper we
describe complete integrability in a contact set-up as a more subtle structure:
a flag of two foliations, Legendrian and co-Legendrian, and a
holonomy-invariant transverse measure of the former in the latter. This turns
out to be equivalent to the existence of a canonical
structure on the leaves of the co-Legendrian foliation. Further, the above
structure implies the existence of contact fields preserving a special
contact 1-form, thus providing the geometric framework and establishing
equivalence with previously known definitions of contact integrability. We also
show that contact completely integrable systems are solvable in quadratures. We
present an example of contact complete integrability: the billiard system
inside an ellipsoid in pseudo-Euclidean space, restricted to the space of
oriented null geodesics. We describe a surprising acceleration mechanism for
closed light-like billiard trajectories
Molecular Auger Interferometry
We propose a theory of interferometric measurement of a normal Auger decay width in molecules. Molecular Auger interferometry is based on the coherent phase control of Auger dynamics in a two-colour (Ï/2Ï) laser field. We show that, in contrast to atoms, in oriented molecules of certain point groups (e.g. CH3F) the relative Ï/2Ï phase modulates the total ionisation yield. A simple analytical formula is derived for the extraction of the widths of Auger-active states from a molecular Auger interferogram, avoiding the need of either attosecond or high-resolution spectroscopy
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