Anomalous correlation between hadron and electromagnetic particles in hadron and gamma-ray families

Correlations between hadrons and electromagnetic particles were studied in the hadron-gamma families observed in the Chacaltaya emulsion chamber experiment. It is found that there exist a number of hadrons which associate electromagnetic showers in extraordinarily close vicinity. The probability to have such a large number of hadrons associating electromagnetic showers, expected from background calculation, is found to be negligibly small and it means there exists anomalous correlation between hadrons and electromagnetic particles in the characteristic spread of atmospheric electromagnetic cascade

Penetrative nature of high energy showers observed in Chacaltaya emulsion chamber

About 30% of single core showers with E (sup gamma) 10 TeV have stronger penetrating power than that expected from electromagnetic showers (e,gamma). On the other hand, their starting points of cascades in the chamber are found to be as shallow as those of (e,gamma) components. It is suggested that those showers are very collimated bundles of hadron and (e,gamma) component. Otherwise, it is assumed that the collision mean free path of those showers in the chamber is shorter than that of hadron with geometrical value

Effects of annealing time on structural and magnetic properties of L10-FePt nanoparticles synthesized by the SiO2-nanoreactor method

We investigated effects of annealing time on structural and magnetic properties of the L10-FePt nanoparticles synthesized by the SiO2-nanoreacter method. The magnetization and powder X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the annealing at 900 oC for 9 hr could convert all of the fcc-nanoparticles to the well-crystallized L10 structure with a large coercivity while keeping their particle size. Such monodisperse and highly crystalline L10-FePt nanoparticles are a promising material for the realization of ultra-high density recording.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Possible role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: Small airway remodeling is an important cause of the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A large population of patients with COPD also have pulmonary hypertension. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a zinc-finger transcription factor that contributes to tissue remodeling in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we evaluate the possible involvement of KLF5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in COPD. METHODS: Lung tissues were obtained from 23 control never-smokers, 17 control ex-smokers and 24 ex-smokers with COPD. The expression of KLF5 in the lung tissues was investigated by immunohistochemistry. We investigated whether oxidative/nitrosative stress, which is a major cause of the pathogenesis in COPD, could augment the production of KLF5. We examined the role of KLF5 in the stress-mediated tissue remodeling responses. We also investigated the susceptibility of KLF5 expression to nitrosative stress using bronchial fibroblasts isolated from the lung tissues. RESULTS: The expression of KLF5 was up-regulated in the small airways and pulmonary vessels of the COPD patients and it was mainly expressed in bronchial fibroblasts and cells of the pulmonary vessels. The extent of the KLF5 expression in the small airway of the COPD group had a significant correlation with the severity of the airflow limitation. Oxidative/nitrosative stress augmented the production of KLF5 in lung fibroblasts as well as the translocation of KLF5 into the nuclei. Silencing of KLF5 suppressed the stress-augmented differentiation into myofibroblasts, the release of collagens and metalloproteinases. Bronchial fibroblasts from the patients with COPD highly expressed KLF5 compared to those from the control subjects under basal condition and were more susceptible to the induction of KLF5 expression by nitrosative stress compared to those from the control subjects. CONCLUSION: We provide the first evidence that the expression of KLF5 is up-regulated in small airways and pulmonary vessels of patients with COPD and may be involved in the tissue remodeling of COPD

A utilização de modelos didáticos em aulas práticas sobre o sistema cardiovascular no ensino fundamental

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Uma análise do formato atual das escolas brasileiras, públicas ou privadas, revela com nitidez que o modelo tradicional de ensino ainda é amplamente adotado, em detrimento de abordagens didático- pedagógicas alternativas, que possibilitam maior interação do sujeito com o objeto do conhecimento. A constatação de que, para muitos alunos, a exposição meramente teórica é insuficiente para o entendimento de conceitos complexos, como aqueles envolvidos nos processos fisiológicos, levou à opção por uma abordagem prática, em laboratório, adaptando e recriando um modelo que simulasse o funcionamento do sistema cardiovascular. O objetivo foi buscar a concretização e internalização dos conceitos, não logrados pela vertente exclusivamente teórica. Nesse contexto buscou-se trazer modelos que ultrapassassem a barreira do abstrato, levando a uma conformação visual e tátil de fácil compreensão para que os alunos pudessem conceber o funcionamento do sistema cardiovascula

Exotic characteristics of Centauro-I: Reexamination of the Centauro event

The cosmic-ray exotic event "Centauro-I" is reexamined. Kopenkin et al. [Phys. Rev. D 68, 052007 (2003).] have recently suggested that the original correspondence of shower clusters in the upper and the lower chambers [C. M. G. Lattes, Y. Fujimoto, and S. Hasegawa, Phys. Rep. 65, 151 (1980).] is not correct, and we confirm this suggestion. By taking into account the relative position of the upper and the lower chambers exactly, we find that the event has no upper part corresponding to the observed shower cluster in the lower chamber. Our analysis shows that showers in the shower cluster in the lower chamber are likely to have originated in a bundle of target interactions (C-jets) and that they are not a simple atmospheric family as was claimed by Kopenkin et al. The event shows peculiar characteristics quite different from commonly observed cosmic-ray events.70