540 research outputs found
Pendugaan Umur Simpan Mi Instan Berbasis Tepung Jagung Lokal Riau dan Tapioka Menggunakan Metode Akselerasi
The purpose of this study was to determine the shelf life of instant noodles made from local corn flour with or without the addition of tapioca. This study was conducted experimentally using the Accelerated Storage Studies Method by keeping the products for 28 days at temperatures of 35ÂșC, 45ÂșC, 55ÂșC, the observed parameter organoleptic quality and TBA values. The results showed the self life of instant noodles made with or without the addition of tapioca were 39,552 days and 49,869 days, respectively
Coupling biochemistry and mechanics in cell adhesion: a model for inhomogeneous stress fiber contraction
Biochemistry and mechanics are closely coupled in cell adhesion. At sites of
cell-matrix adhesion, mechanical force triggers signaling through the
Rho-pathway, which leads to structural reinforcement and increased
contractility in the actin cytoskeleton. The resulting force acts back to the
sites of adhesion, resulting in a positive feedback loop for mature adhesion.
Here we model this biochemical-mechanical feedback loop for the special case
when the actin cytoskeleton is organized in stress fibers, which are
contractile bundles of actin filaments. Activation of myosin II molecular
motors through the Rho-pathway is described by a system of reaction-diffusion
equations, which are coupled into a viscoelastic model for a contractile actin
bundle. We find strong spatial gradients in the activation of contractility and
in the corresponding deformation pattern of the stress fiber, in good agreement
with experimental findings.Comment: Revtex, 35 pages, 13 Postscript figures included, in press with New
Journal of Physics, Special Issue on The Physics of the Cytoskeleto
Matrix Elements of Random Operators and Discrete Symmetry Breaking in Nuclei
It is shown that several effects are responsible for deviations of the
intensity distributions from the Porter-Thomas law. Among these are genuine
symmetry breaking, such as isospin; the nature of the transition operator;
truncation of the Hilbert space in shell model calculations and missing
transitionsComment: 8 pages, 3 figure
Energy averages and fluctuations in the decay out of superdeformed bands
We derive analytic formulae for the energy average (including the energy
average of the fluctuation contribution) and variance of the intraband decay
intensity of a superdeformed band. Our results may be expressed in terms of
three dimensionless variables: , ,
and . Here is
the spreading width for the mixing of a superdeformed (SD) state with the
normally deformed (ND) states whose spin is the same as 's. The
have mean level spacing and mean electromagnetic decay width
whilst has electromagnetic decay width .
The average decay intensity may be expressed solely in terms of the variables
and or, analogously to statistical
nuclear reaction theory, in terms of the transmission coefficients and
describing transmission from the to the SD band via and
to lower ND states.
The variance of the decay intensity, in analogy with Ericson's theory of
cross section fluctuations depends on an additional variable, the correlation
length
\Gamma_N/(\Gamma_S+\Gamma^{\downarrow})=\frac{d}{2\pi}T_N/(\Gamma_S+\Gamma^{\d
ownarrow}). This suggests that analysis of an experimentally obtained variance
could yield the mean level spacing as does analysis of the cross section
autocorrelation function in compound nuclear reactions.
We compare our results with those of Gu and Weidenm\"uller.Comment: revtex4, 14 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review
Deformed Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble Analysis of the Interacting Boson Model
A Deformed Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (DGOE) which interpolates between the
Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble and a Poissonian Ensemble is constructed. This new
ensemble is then applied to the analysis of the chaotic properties of the low
lying collective states of nuclei described by the Interacting Boson Model
(IBM). This model undergoes a transition order-chaos-order from the
limit to the limit. Our analysis shows that the quantum fluctuations of
the IBM Hamiltonian, both of the spectrum and the eigenvectors, follow the
expected behaviour predicted by the DGOE when one goes from one limit to the
other.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures (avaiable upon request), IFUSP/P-1086 Replaced
version: in the previous version the name of one of the authors was omitte
Genetic validation of bipolar disorder identified by automated phenotyping using electronic health records
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable mood disorder characterized by episodes of mania and depression. Although genomewide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified genetic loci contributing to BD risk, sample size has become a rate-limiting obstacle to genetic discovery. Electronic health records (EHRs) represent a vast but relatively untapped resource for high-throughput phenotyping. As part of the International Cohort Collection for Bipolar Disorder (ICCBD), we previously validated automated EHR-based phenotyping algorithms for BD against in-person diagnostic interviews (Castro et al. Am J Psychiatry 172:363â372, 2015). Here, we establish the genetic validity of these phenotypes by determining their genetic correlation with traditionally ascertained samples. Case and control algorithms were derived from structured and narrative text in the Partners Healthcare system comprising more than 4.6 million patients over 20 years. Genomewide genotype data for 3330 BD cases and 3952 controls of European ancestry were used to estimate SNP-based heritability (h2g) and genetic correlation (rg) between EHR-based phenotype definitions and traditionally ascertained BD cases in GWAS by the ICCBD and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) using LD score regression. We evaluated BD cases identified using 4 EHR-based algorithms: an NLP-based algorithm (95-NLP) and three rule-based algorithms using codified EHR with decreasing levels of stringencyââcoded-strictâ, âcoded-broadâ, and âcoded-broad based on a single clinical encounterâ (coded-broad-SV). The analytic sample comprised 862 95-NLP, 1968 coded-strict, 2581 coded-broad, 408 coded-broad-SV BD cases, and 3 952 controls. The estimated h2g were 0.24 (p = 0.015), 0.09 (p = 0.064), 0.13 (p = 0.003), 0.00 (p = 0.591) for 95-NLP, coded-strict, coded-broad and coded-broad-SV BD, respectively. The h2g for all EHR-based cases combined except coded-broad-SV (excluded due to 0 h2g) was 0.12 (p = 0.004). These h2g were lower or similar to the h2g observed by the ICCBD + PGCBD (0.23, p = 3.17Eâ80, total N = 33,181). However, the rg between ICCBD + PGCBD and the EHR-based cases were high for 95-NLP (0.66, p = 3.69 Ă 10â5), coded-strict (1.00, p = 2.40 Ă 10â4), and coded-broad (0.74, p = 8.11 Ă 10â7). The rg between EHR-based BD definitions ranged from 0.90 to 0.98. These results provide the first genetic validation of automated EHR-based phenotyping for BD and suggest that this approach identifies cases that are highly genetically correlated with those ascertained through conventional methods. High throughput phenotyping using the large data resources available in EHRs represents a viable method for accelerating psychiatric genetic research
New Constraints from PAMELA anti-proton data on Annihilating and Decaying Dark Matter
Recently the PAMELA experiment has released its updated anti-proton flux and
anti-proton to proton flux ratio data up to energies of ~200GeV. With no clear
excess of cosmic ray anti-protons at high energies, one can extend constraints
on the production of anti-protons from dark matter. In this letter, we consider
both the cases of dark matter annihilating and decaying into standard model
particles that produce significant numbers of anti-protons. We provide two sets
of constraints on the annihilation cross-sections/decay lifetimes. In the one
set of constraints we ignore any source of anti-protons other than dark matter,
which give the highest allowed cross-sections/inverse lifetimes. In the other
set we include also anti-protons produced in collisions of cosmic rays with
interstellar medium nuclei, getting tighter but more realistic constraints on
the annihilation cross-sections/decay lifetimes.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 table
Comorbidity of Severe Psychotic Disorders With Measures of Substance Use
Although early mortality in severe psychiatric illness is linked to smoking and alcohol, no studies have comprehensively characterized substance use behavior in severe psychotic illness. In particular, recent assessments of substance use in individuals with mental illness are based on population surveys that do not include individuals with severe psychotic illness
Assessment of metal and metalloid contamination in soils trough compositional data: the old MortĂłrios uranium mine area, central Portugal
Soils from the old MortĂłrios uranium mine area were studied to look for contamination, as they are close to two villages, up to 3 km away, and used for agriculture. They are mainly contaminated in U and As and constitute an ecological threat.
This study attempts to outline the degree to which soils have been affected by the old mining activities through the computation of significant hot clusters, Traditional geostatistical approaches commonly use raw data (concentrations) accepting that the analyzed elements represent the soilâs entirety. However, in geochemical studies these elements are just a fraction of the total soil composition. Thus, considering compositional data is pivotal. The spatial characterization, considering raw and compositional data together, allowed a broad discussion about not only the concentrationsâ spatial distribution, but also a better understanding on the possibility of trends of ârelative enrichmentâ (RE) and, furthermore an insight in U and As fate.
The highest proportions (Compositional data) on U (up to 33%), As (up to 35%) and Th (up to 13 %) are reached in the south-southeast segment. However, the highest concentrations (Raw data) occur in north and northwest of the studied area, pointing out to a ârelative enrichmentâ towards the south-southeast zone.
The Mondego Sul area is mainly contaminated in U and As, but also in Co, Cu, Pb and Sb. The MortĂłrios area is less contaminated than the Mondego Sul area.This research was supported by the
Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia through projects UID/
GEO/04035/201C and UID/MAR/04292/2013-MARE (PPC).
Boente obtained a grant from the ââFormaciĂłn del Profesorado
Universitarioââ program, financed by the ââMinisterio de
EducaciĂłn, Cultura y Deporte de España.ââ M.T.D
Albuquerque acknowledges a scholarship 567 SFRH/BSAB/
127907/2016 from the Foundation for Science and Technology
(Portugal)
Genetic Studies of Sulfadiazine-resistant and Methionine-requiring \u3cem\u3eNeisseria\u3c/em\u3e Isolated From Clinical Material
Deoxyribonucleate (DNA) preparations were extracted from Neisseria meningitidis (four isolates from spinal fluid and blood) and N. gonorrhoeae strains, all of which were resistant to sulfadiazine upon primary isolation. These DNA preparations, together with others from in vitro mutants of N. meningitidis and N. perflava, were examined in transformation tests by using as recipient a drug-susceptible strain of N. meningitidis (Ne 15 Sul-s Met+) which was able to grow in a methionine-free defined medium. The sulfadiazine resistance typical of each donor was introduced into the uniform constitution of this recipient. Production of p-aminobenzoic acid was not significantly altered thereby. Transformants elicited by DNA from the N. meningitidis clinical isolates were resistant to at least 200 ÎŒg of sulfadiazine/ml, and did not show a requirement for methionine (Sul-r Met+). DNA from six strains of N. gonorrhoeae, which were isolated during the period of therapeutic use of sulfonamides, conveyed lower degrees of resistance and, invariably, a concurrent methionine requirement (Sul-r/Metâ). The requirement of these transformants, and that of in vitro mutants selected on sulfadiazine-agar, was satisfied by methionine, but not by vitamin B12, homocysteine, cystathionine, homoserine, or cysteine. Sul-r Met+ and Sul-r/Metâ loci could coexist in the same genome, but were segregated during transformation. On the other hand, the dual Sul-r/Metâ properties were not separated by recombination, but were eliminated together. DNA from various Sul-r/Metâ clones tested against recipients having nonidentical Sul-r/Metâ mutant sites yielded Sul-s Met+ transformants. The met locus involved is genetically complex, and will be a valuable tool for studies of genetic fine structure of members of Neisseria, and of genetic homology between species
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