Although early mortality in severe psychiatric illness is linked to smoking and alcohol, no studies have comprehensively characterized substance use behavior in severe psychotic illness. In particular, recent assessments of substance use in individuals with mental illness are based on population surveys that do not include individuals with severe psychotic illness

Bierut, Laura J.

Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia

Hartz, Sarah M.

Knowles, James A.

Medeiros, Helena

Pato, Carlos N.

Pato, Michele T.

Sobell, Janet L.

PubMed

Carolina Digital Repository

Comorbidity of Severe Psychotic Disorders With Measures of Substance Use

ImportanceAlthough early mortality in severe psychiatric illness is linked to smoking and alcohol, to our knowledge, no studies have comprehensively characterized substance use behavior in severe psychotic illness. In particular, recent assessments of substance use in individuals with mental illness are based on population surveys that do not include individuals with severe psychotic illness.ObjectiveTo compare substance use in individuals with severe psychotic illness with substance use in the general population.Design, setting, and participantsWe assessed comorbidity between substance use and severe psychotic disorders in the Genomic Psychiatry Cohort. The Genomic Psychiatry Cohort is a clinically assessed, multiethnic sample consisting of 9142 individuals with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, or schizoaffective disorder, and 10,195 population control individuals.Main outcomes and measuresSmoking (smoked &gt;100 cigarettes in a lifetime), heavy alcohol use (&gt;4 drinks/day), heavy marijuana use (&gt;21 times of marijuana use/year), and recreational drug use.ResultsRelative to the general population, individuals with severe psychotic disorders have increased risks for smoking (odds ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 4.3-4.9), heavy alcohol use (odds ratio, 4.0; 95% CI, 3.6-4.4), heavy marijuana use (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 3.2-3.7), and recreational drug use (odds ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 4.3-5.0). All races/ethnicities (African American, Asian, European American, and Hispanic) and both sexes have greatly elevated risks for smoking and alcohol, marijuana, and drug use. Of specific concern, recent public health efforts that have successfully decreased smoking among individuals younger than age 30 years appear to have been ineffective among individuals with severe psychotic illness (interaction effect between age and severe mental illness on smoking initiation, P = 4.5 × 105).Conclusions and relevanceIn the largest assessment of substance use among individuals with severe psychotic illness to date, we found the odds of smoking and alcohol and other substance use to be dramatically higher than recent estimates of substance use in mild mental illness

Hartz, Sarah M

Pato, Carlos N

Sobell, Janet L

Knowles, James A

Bierut, Laura J

Pato, Michele T

Genomic Psychiatry Cohort Consortium

eScholarship - University of California

Comorbidity of severe psychotic disorders with measures of substance use.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3726

Comorbidity of Severe Psychotic Disorders With Measures of Substance Use

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