Economic Impact of Infrastructure Investment

Infrastructure investment has received renewed interest as of late, with both President Trump and some Members of Congress discussing the benefits of such spending. The condition and performance of infrastructure is thought to affect the economic well-being of countries in a number of ways. This report provides an overview of the trends surrounding infrastructure investment in the United States and examines the potential impact of additional infrastructure investments on economic output and employment

U.S. International Corporate Taxation: Basic Concepts and Policy Issues

Recent deficit reduction and tax reform plans have included broad proposals to reform the U.S. international corporate tax system. These proposals have raised concerns over how changing the way American multi-national corporations are taxed could impact the deficit and debt, domestic job markets, competitiveness, and the use of corporate tax havens, among other things. An informed debate about how to reform the system governing the taxation of U.S. multi-national corporations requires careful consideration of these issues, as well as a basic understanding of several features of the current system. This report provides a general introduction to the basic concepts and issues relevant to the U.S. international corporate tax system. The explanations provided in this report emphasize the underlying concepts of the international tax system and are intended to be as simplified as possible. There are of course important and complex technical details that would need to be considered carefully if reform of the current system were to be implemented effectively and efficiently. These important technical details, however, are beyond the scope of this report. Where appropriate, references to other CRS products are provided within the report. A list of related CRS products and other suggested readings on international corporate taxation may also be found at the end of the report

Revisión sobre los aspectos biológicos del "fouling"

The development of fouling communities is object of world-wide research since the last half of the century. Biological fouling of vessels has been known since the beginning of man ’s maritime activities. Biological corrosión became a problem of concern when steel replaced wood as the primary ship construction material. The purpose of the present paper is to present a guide about biological aspects of fouling for the non-specialist (the non-biologist). The scope ofthis guide is to give some historical references, development sequences of the fouling community, abiotic factors influence, fouling problems, study methodology and enough elements to recognize the most important taxa with some pictures. Also, in relation to freshwater fouling, a basic approach and comments about exotic species introduction by ships are presented. A glossary and a broad bibliography on this subject are ineluded

CRS Insight

The amount of "slack" in the labor market--jobless or underemployed workers--has consequences for the appropriate stance of monetary policy, the future path of the budget deficit, and counter-cyclical spending on programs such as unemployment insurance. This report briefly examines this concept in the context of the current economy

Studies on biofouling at Mar del Plata harbor: monthly settlement of calcareous species along a year

Monthly settlement of calcareous species was followed in Mar del Plata harbor (Argentina) along a year. Large number of calcareous organisms recruited onto ceramic ponéis. Balanus amphitrite and Hydroides elegans were the most representative species settled on the primary space. Other bamacles, B. glándula + B improvisus followed in importance, but the number of recruits per panel was always low. All of them were measured and total occupied oreas estimated The species showéd different settlement cycles, different preferences by both depth levels and surface texture. The máximum peak of density for B. glándula + B improvisus was in December, for B amphitrite in February and for Hydroides elegans in March. Virtually no settlement took place during colder months (June-September). Bamacles preferred to settle on the back side of the panels, with grooves and pits, while serpulids showed no texture preferences. In relation with depth all species preferred to colonize the three deepest levels. Data corresponding to growth rotes indicated a rapid development during warmer months

Análise crítica do programa da reforma educativa para o ensino do português LS na 7ª classe em Angola

Dissertação para a obtenção de grau de Mestre em Ensino de Português Como Língua Segunda/ Língua EstrangeiraA situação actual da língua portuguesa em Angola desperta interesse de estudo em várias áreas. A questão do seu ensino, enquanto língua segunda, é a vertente que se destaca neste Trabalho. Recentemente o Governo angolano promulgou a 2ª Reforma Educativa com o objectivo de melhorar o sistema de ensino – aprendizagem. A língua portuguesa está em destaque. Não só por assumir o papel de língua oficial e de escolaridade, mas também por ser o veículo de comunicação internacional e de confluência com as línguas locais maioritariamente Bantu. É neste contexto que se procura dar a melhor resposta à necessidade de formação de usuários proficientes de PLS, e isto requer a elaboração e aplicação de metodologias que respondam ao desafio. Nesta perspectiva, propusemo-nos realizar o estudo com o título: Análise Crítica do Programa da Reforma Educativa para o Ensino do Português LS na 7ª Classe em Angola, com os objectivos essenciais de analisar as propostas metodológicas e sugerir melhorias. Para tal, servimo-nos do método empírico consubstanciado na consulta da bibliografia especializada e na de documentos reitores da Reforma. O Trabalho organiza-se em cinco capítulos, conclusão, sugestões, bibliografia e anexos. Da análise feita concluímos que a 2ª Reforma Educativa de Angola é um projecto ambicioso, com resultados aceitáveis, mas ainda distantes do ideal preconizado. Urge que se melhorem as condições de trabalho, de investigação, de ensino e infra-estruturais. Para a língua portuguesa em especial, a aposta na (re)qualificação dos quadros e a implementação de mais e melhores condições é fulcral. Do Programa vê-se uma estrutura diversificada que, se bem aplicada, facilita a aquisição de conhecimentos científicos e heurísticos. Porém as metodologias e as estratégias tendem mais para a mecanização do processo de ensino – aprendizagem. Aqui o papel do professor é fundamental, não só no respeito e cumprimento do legislado, mas sobretudo com uma perspectiva crítica construtiva

The influence of different pathogens on the lysozyme activity into tissues of rat oral cavity

Aim: To determine action of the different pathogens on the lysozyme activity into tissues of oral cavity and serum.Methods: The lysozyme activities was determined into oral mucosa cheek, tongue gum and serum of 158 white rats (11 series experiments). The pathogens were used: atropine, protamine sulfat, indometacyn, bee poison, hydrasine sulfat, cytostatic cyclofosfan, lincomycin, lipopolysaccharide, composition of antibiotic and omeprasol for ACBTResults: The  whole of pathogens decreased lysozyme activity (mean in 1,6-2,5 times) into oral tissues and on 16 % into serum. The specific lowering of lysozyme activities (Δ%/mg pathogen) was low most for lipopolysaccharide, especially after oral application usage (exceeding was in tens times).Conclusion: The lysozyme activity lowering may play significant role in pathogenesis of stomatologic diseases/ Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) send lysozyme activity lowering most especially after oral application. Probably, the antilysozyme action of pathogens realize by LPS. The stomatogenic factor in pathogenesis and profilactic of noninfection diseases is important