Evaluation of the role of downregulation of SNF5/INI1 core subunit of SWI/SNF complex in clear cell renal cell carcinoma development

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1), and mutations in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. Additionally, in about 40% of ccRCC cases the mutation in PBRM1 (POLYBROMO1) gene coding for a non-core subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex was found suggesting potential impairment of this complex function in ccRCC. In this study we assessed the extent to which the core SWI/SNF complex subunit - INI1 (hSNF5/SMARCB1) is affected in ccRCC and whether it has any consequences on the development of this type of cancer. The evaluation of INI1 protein level in samples from 50 patients with diagnosed ccRCC, including three displaying rhabdoid features, showed the INI1 positive staining in rhabdoid cells while the conventional ccRCC cells exhibited reduced INI1 level. This indicated the rhabdoid component of ccRCC as distinct from other known rhabdoid tumors. The reduced INI1 protein level observed in all conventional ccRCC cases used in this study correlated with decreased SMARCB1 gene expression at the transcript level. Consistently, the overexpression of INI1 protein in A498 ccRCC cell line resulted in the elevation of endogenous SMARCB1 transcript level indicating that the INI1-dependent regulatory feedback loop controlling expression of this gene is affected in ccRCC Moreover, the set of INI1 target genes including i.e. CXCL12/CXCR7/CXCR4 chemokine axis was identified to be affected in ccRCC. In summary, we demonstrated that the inactivation of INI1 may be of high importance for ccRCC development and aggressiveness

Потенціал біопродуктивності осушуваних земель України

The purpose of the work is based on the generalization of the results of long-term researches of scientific institutions of the NAAN in the Livoberezhnyy, Pravoberezhnyy, Western Polissya, as well as on intrazonal soils of river floodplains to substantiate the need to restore the effective use of melioration arable land and natural forage lands of the humid zone on the basis of evaluation of their potential bioproductivity for optimization of water -air, nutrient regimes, crop rotation and other factors.   In the conditions of the floodplain of the rivers in the vegetation specialization of agrarian production, the maximum productivity of the crop rotation: 1, 2 - corn for grain, 3 - soybeans, buckwheat on the background of the mineral fertilizer system will reach the level of 9 t f.unit / ha. For livestock specialization in crop rotation, which provides close to optimal ration of feeding of milk cattle: 1, 2 - corn for grain, 3 - soybeans, 4 - corn for silage, perennial grasses, sylvia permeated leaves, productivity of arable land under optimal conditions of moisture and nutrition will be 10 tons of f. units per hectare. According to the bioenergy specialization of production activity, it may be most expedient to grow Salix triandra L. with a difference in terms of planting in 1 year - 40 t / ha of dry matter. Regarding the conditions of the Left Bank Polissya for well-cultivated sod-  podzolic soils in the conditions of humidity and nutrition, which are close to optimal ones, it is possible to recommend 4-field crop rotation: 1 - winter and spring crops, 2 - clover, lupine, 3 -  milk-waxy corn or grain and 4 - potatoes with an expected productivity of 12 t f.unit / ha. Such crop rotation, which involves the production of coarse and juicy fodder, is suitable for introduction in the presence of a developed livestock industry. In the absence of livestock breeding with a purely planting crop specialization, it is possible to recommend a 3-fiel crop rotation with the production of only commercial crop production: 1 - winter and spring crops, 2 - potatoes, 3 - maize for grain and productivity level of 12 t f. unit / hа.         In the Right-bank Polissya, the highest yield was observed at the cultivation of a mixture of grass (Phléum praténse L. + Bromus inermis + Agropyrum glaucum R.) - 9 t / ha of dry matter. In the meliorationed arable lands of the region, the expected level of productivity of crop rotation: 1 - cereals 2 - milk-waxy corn, 3 - lupine, 4 - clover will be at level of 11 t / ha of dry matter. The bioenergy trend of agrarian production is the productivity of crop rotation: 1 - maize for silage, 2 - clover can reach 13 t / ha of dry matter.    In Western Polissya, the grass-mixed Galega oritalis L.50% + Bromus inermis 50% provide at a level of 10 t f. unit / ha. On organic soils - feed  crop rotation: 1 - Rhaponticum Transbaikal, 2 - Galega oritalis L., 3 - Raphanus sativum d., 4 – Echinochloa flumentacea will be able to receive 17 t f.unit / ha, on sod-podzolic soils of crop rotation: 1 - Rhaponticum Transbaikal, 2 - Lotus corniculatus, 3 - Raphanus sativum d., 4 - Echinochloa flumentacea will be able to receive at the level of 12 t f. unit / ha. From one-year grassy energy crops, sugar sorghum produces - 22 t / ha of dry matter, from perennial herbaceous Miscánthus  - 24 t / ha of dry matter, Salix triandra L. provides 55 t / ha for the 3rd year, Salix viminalis L. of domestic selection -   52 t / ha, Swedish selection - 84 t / ha of dry matter.У статті узагальнено результати багаторічних досліджень, спрямованих на розробку технологій підвищення біопродуктивності осушуваних територій річкових заплав, лівобережного, правобережного та західного Полісся на органогенних і мінеральних ґрунтах, на орних землях і кормових угіддях. Встановлено, що за оптимізації водно-повітряного, поживного режиму ґрунту та складу культур у сівозмінах очікувана продуктивність орних земель становить 10-12 т к. од./га. У сприятливих умовах вирощування традиційні багаторічні трави і травосумішки забезпечують до 15 т к. од./га. На органогенних ґрунтах перевагу мають малопоширені нетрадиційні кормові і трав’янисті енергетичні культури з максимальною продуктивністю відповідно 27 та 29 т/га сухої речовини. З дерев’янистих енергетичних культур максимальний вихід сухої речовини дає верба прутовидна шведської селекції – 84 т/га сухої речовини. Проведені дослідження свідчать про доцільність відновлення ефективного використання осушуваних земель Україн

Band structure of CuMnAs probed by optical and photoemission spectroscopy

The tetragonal phase of CuMnAs progressively appears as one of the key materials for antiferromagnetic spintronics due to efficient current-induced spin-torques whose existence can be directly inferred from crystal symmetry. Theoretical understanding of spintronic phenomena in this material, however, relies on the detailed knowledge of electronic structure (band structure and corresponding wave functions) which has so far been tested only to a limited extent. We show that AC permittivity (obtained from ellipsometry) and UV photoelectron spectra agree with density functional calculations. Together with the x-ray diffraction and precession electron diffraction tomography, our analysis confirms recent theoretical claim [Phys. Rev. B 96, 094406 (2017)] that copper atoms occupy lattice positions in the basal plane of the tetragonal unit cell

Local structure of relaxor ferroelectric SrxBa1-xNb2O6 from a pair distribution function analysis

Pair distribution function analysis of neutron-scattering data and of ab initio molecular dynamics results have been employed to study short-range structural correlations and their temperature dependence in a heavily disordered dielectric material SrxBa1-xNb2O6 (x = 0.35, 0.5, and 0.61). Intrinsic disorder caused by a partial occupation of the cationic sites by differently sized Sr and Ba atoms and their vacancies introduces important local strains to the structure and directly influences the Nb-O-6 octahedra tilting. The resulting complex system of tilts is found to be both temperature and Sr-doping sensitive with the biggest tilt magnitudes reached at low temperatures and high strontium contents, where ferroelectric relaxor behavior appears. We find evidence for two Nb-O-6 subsystems with different variations of niobium-oxygen bond lengths, distinct dynamics, and disparate levels of deviation from macroscopic polarization direction. These findings establish a detailed picture of the local structure of SrxBa1-xNb2O6 and provide a deeper insight into the origins of the materials dielectric properties.This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (Project No. 16-09142S). The computational part of this research was undertaken on the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia, which is supported by the Australian Commonwealth Government.

Band structure of CuMnAs probed by optical and photoemission spectroscopy

5 pages, 5 figures + Supplementary InformationTetragonal phase of CuMnAs progressively appears as one of the key materials for antiferromagnetic spintronics due to efficient current-induced spin-orbit torques whose existence can be directly inferred from crystal symmetry. Theoretical understanding of spintronic phenomena in this material, however, relies on the detailed knowledge of electronic structure (band structure and corresponding wave functions) which has so far been tested only to a limited extent. We show that AC permittivity (obtained from ellipsometry) and UV photoelectron spectra agree with density functional calculations. Together with the x-ray diffraction and precession electron diffraction tomography, our analysis confirms recent theoretical claim [Phys.Rev.B 96, 094406 (2017)] that copper atoms occupy lattice positions in the basal plane of the tetragonal unit cell.We acknowledge support from National Grid Infrastructure MetaCentrum provided under the programme “Projects of Large Research, Development, and Innovations Infrastructures” (CESNET LM2015042); Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under Grant No. 15-13436S; CEDAMNF (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000358) of the Czech ministry of education (MŠMT) as well as its LM2015087 and LNSMLNSpin grants; Cariplo Foundation, Grant No. 2013-0726 (MAGISTER); Spanish MINECO under MAT2015-67593-P project and the ‘Severo Ochoa’ Programme (SEV-2015-0496); EU FET Open RIA Grant No. 766566; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grant No. EP/P019749/1. P.W. acknowledges support from the Royal Society through a University Research Fellowship.Peer reviewe

Accurate structure refinement from electron diffraction tomography data

International audienc

Accurate structure refinement from electron diffraction tomography data

International audienc