4,114 research outputs found
End to End Deep Neural Network Frequency Demodulation of Speech Signals
Frequency modulation (FM) is a form of radio broadcasting which is widely
used nowadays and has been for almost a century. We suggest a
software-defined-radio (SDR) receiver for FM demodulation that adopts an
end-to-end learning based approach and utilizes the prior information of
transmitted speech message in the demodulation process. The receiver detects
and enhances speech from the in-phase and quadrature components of its base
band version. The new system yields high performance detection for both
acoustical disturbances, and communication channel noise and is foreseen to
out-perform the established methods for low signal to noise ratio (SNR)
conditions in both mean square error and in perceptual evaluation of speech
quality score
Label-Dependencies Aware Recurrent Neural Networks
In the last few years, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have proved effective
on several NLP tasks. Despite such great success, their ability to model
\emph{sequence labeling} is still limited. This lead research toward solutions
where RNNs are combined with models which already proved effective in this
domain, such as CRFs. In this work we propose a solution far simpler but very
effective: an evolution of the simple Jordan RNN, where labels are re-injected
as input into the network, and converted into embeddings, in the same way as
words. We compare this RNN variant to all the other RNN models, Elman and
Jordan RNN, LSTM and GRU, on two well-known tasks of Spoken Language
Understanding (SLU). Thanks to label embeddings and their combination at the
hidden layer, the proposed variant, which uses more parameters than Elman and
Jordan RNNs, but far fewer than LSTM and GRU, is more effective than other
RNNs, but also outperforms sophisticated CRF models.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figures. Accepted at CICling 2017 conference. Best
Verifiability, Reproducibility, and Working Description awar
On the metallicity of the Milky Way thin disc and photometric abundance scales
The mean metallicity of the Milky Way thin disc in the solar neighbourhood is
still a matter of debate, and has recently been subject to upward revision
(Haywood, 2001). Our star sample was drawn from a set of solar neighbourhood
dwarfs with photometric metallicities. In a recent study, Reid (2002) suggests
that our metallicity calibration, based on Geneva photometry, is biased. We
show here that the effect detected by Reid is not a consequence of our adopted
metallicity scale, and we confirm that our findings are robust. On the
contrary, the application to Stromgren photometry of the Schuster & Nissen
metallicity scale is problematic. Systematic discrepancies of about 0.1 to 0.3
dex affect the photometric metallicity determination of metal rich stars, on
the colour interval 0.22< b-y <0.59, i.e including F and G stars. For F stars,
it is shown that this is a consequence of a mismatch between the standard
sequence m_1(b-y) of the Hyades used by Schuster & Nissen to calibrate their
metallicity scale, and the system of Olsen (1993, 1994ab). It means that
although Schuster & Nissen calibration and Olsen photometry are intrinsically
correct, there are mutually incompatible for metal rich, F-type stars. For G
stars, the discrepancy is most probably the continuation of the same problem,
albeit worthen by the lack of spectroscopic calibrating stars. A corrected
calibration is proposed which renders the calibration of Schuster & Nissen
applicable to the catalogues of Olsen. We also give a simpler calibration
referenced to the Hyades sequence, valid over the same color and metallicity
ranges.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted in MNRA
Measurements of total alkalinity and inorganic dissolved carbon in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent Southern Ocean between 2008 and 2010
Water column dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity were measured during five hydrographic sections in the Atlantic Ocean and Drake Passage. The work was funded through the Strategic Funding Initiative of the UK's Oceans2025 programme, which ran from 2007 to 2012. The aims of this programme were to establish the regional budgets of natural and anthropogenic carbon in the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic, and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, as well as the rates of change of these budgets. This paper describes in detail the dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity data collected along east–west sections at 47° N to 60° N, 24.5° N, and 24° S in the Atlantic and across two Drake Passage sections. Other hydrographic and biogeochemical parameters were measured during these sections, and relevant standard operating procedures are mentioned here. Over 95% of dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity samples taken during the 24.5° N, 24° S, and the Drake Passage sections were analysed onboard and subjected to a first-level quality control addressing technical and analytical issues. Samples taken along 47° N to 60° N were analysed and subjected to quality control back in the laboratory. Complete post-cruise second-level quality control was performed using cross-over analysis with historical data in the vicinity of measurements, and data were submitted to the CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office (CCHDO), the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) and and will be included in the Global Ocean Data Analyses Project, version 2 (GLODAP 2), the upcoming update of Key et al. (2004)
Marcadores moleculares e suas aplicações no melhoramento genético.
O melhoramento genético tem sido um dos grandes responsáveis pelos avanços na agricultura, com o desenvolvimento de cultivares superiores, quer pela maior produtividade, quer pela melhor adaptação aos ambientes adversos. O sucesso de um programa de melhoramento genético depende, fundamentalmente, de algumas etapas como a escolha de genitores e a seleção de genótipos superiores. Desde o surgimento dos marcadores RFLP, na década de 1980, as metodologias para a exploração dos polimorfismos de DNA têm sido alvo de grandes avanços na automação e na geração de dados em larga escala, fornecendo uma amostragem do genoma, cada vez mais ampla, a um custo menor. Assim, com a tendência do aumento crescente no volume de dados, associada à redução nos custos, os marcadores moleculares firmam-se como estratégias sólidas para auxiliar o melhoramento genético, assim como estudos sobre clonagem e função de genes, filogenia diversidade e estrutura genética em espécies cultivadas e silvestres. Serão apresentados marcos importantes na evolução das tecnologias de marcadores de DNA e algumas das suas aplicações, com ênfase nas análises de diversidade, mapeamento genético e seleção assistida em plantas
Replica Symmetry Breaking in the Random Replicant Model
We study the statistical mechanics of a model describing the coevolution of
species interacting in a random way. We find that at high competition replica
symmetry is broken. We solve the model in the approximation of one step replica
symmetry breaking and we compare our findings with accurate numerical
simulations.Comment: 12 pages, TeX, 5 postscript figures are avalaible upon request,
submitted to Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Genera
Low-Frequency Modal Extrapolation and Regularization for Full-Bandwidth Macromodeling of Electromagnetic Structures
This paper provides a novel strategy for the extrapolation and regularization of low frequency data of low-loss or lossless structures, based on asymptotic modal trajectories. The proposed data-driven strategy is intended as a fundamental pre-processing step to obtain a full-bandwidth reliable macromodel to be used in transient simulations, providing full control of the low-frequency and DC behavior of the system
Kinematics of Metal-Poor Stars in the Galaxy. III. Formation of the Stellar Halo and Thick Disk as Revealed from a Large Sample of Non-Kinematically Selected Stars
(Abbreviated) We present a detailed analysis of the space motions of 1203
solar-neighborhood stars with metal abundances [Fe/H] <= -0.6, on the basis of
a recently revised and supplemented catalog of metal-poor stars selected
without kinematic bias (Beers et al. 2000). This sample, having available
proper motions, radial velocities, and distance estimates for stars with a wide
range of metal abundances, is by far the largest such catalog to be assembled
to date. Unlike essentially all previous kinematically selected catalogs, the
metal-poor stars in our sample exhibit a diverse distribution of orbital
eccentricities, e, with no apparent correlation between [Fe/H] and e. This
demonstrates, clearly and convincingly, that the evidence offered by Eggen,
Lynden-Bell, and Sandage (1962) for a rapid collapse of the Galaxy, an apparent
correlation between the orbital eccentricity of halo stars with metallicity, is
basically the result of their proper-motion selection bias. However, even in
our non-kinematically selected sample, we have identified a small concentration
of high-e stars at [Fe/H] = -1.7, which may originate, in part, from infalling
gas during the early formation of the Galaxy. The implications of our results
for the formation of the Galaxy are also discussed, in particular in the
context of the currently favored CDM theory of hierarchical galaxy formation.Comment: 51 pages, including 17 figures, to appear in AJ (June 2000), full
paper with all figures embedded available at
http://pluto.mtk.nao.ac.jp/people/chiba/preprint/halo5
A Practical Guide for X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of Ga(Al, In)N Alloys
Ga(In, Al)N alloys are used as an active layer or cladding layer in light
emitting diodes and laser diodes. x-ray diffraction is extensively used to
evaluate the crystalline quality, the chemical composition and the residual
strain in Ga(Al,In)N thin films, which directly determine the emission
wavelength and the device performance. Due to the minor mismatch in lattice
parameters between Ga(Al, In)N alloy and a GaN virtual substrate, x-ray
diffraction comes to a problem to separate the signal from Ga(Al,In)N alloy and
GaN. We give a detailed comparison on different diffraction planes. In order to
balance the intensity and peak separation between Ga(Al,In)N alloy and GaN,
(0004) and (1015) planes make the best choice for symmetric scan and asymmetric
scan, respectively.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
Spin-flip Effects in the Mesoscopic Spin-Interferometer
We investigate the properties of the electron spin-transmission through an
Aharonov-Bohm interferometer with an embedded multilevel quantum dot containing
magnetic impurities. A suitable formalism is developed. The amplitude and the
phase of the flip- and nonflip-transmittance are calculated numerically as
function of the magnetic field and the gate potential applied on the dot. The
effects induced by the exchange interaction to spin-dependent
magnetoconductance fluctuations and transmittance phase are shown.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
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