The Time Course of Activation of Semantic and Orthographic Information in Morphological Decomposition by Korean Adults and Developing Readers

Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.The current study examined the involvement of semantic and orthographic information in the processing of derived words in Korean Hangul. Sixth grade children and adults participated in four masked priming lexical decision experiments in which the prime duration varied from 36, 48, 57, and 72ms (in Experiments, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively). Morphological (M), semantic (S), and orthographic (O) relatedness between prime-target pairs were manipulated. There were four types of Korean prime-target pairs: (1) -M-S+O: , scandal-scan, (2) +M-S+O: , archer-arch, (3) +M+S+O: , bravely-brave, and (4) -M+S-O: , accuse-blame. There were several key findings: (1) adults showed significant priming effects at 57 and 72ms in +M+S+O and significant priming effects at 72ms in +M-S+O; (2) less skilled readers showed significant facilitation at 36ms in +M+S+O; and (3) in -M-S+O, both skilled and less skilled readers show significant inhibition across four prime durations. The different time course of +M+S+O priming for adults and children may be due to developing readers’ smaller lexicon and less competition for semantic activation of the monosyllabic suffix (e.g., in ), which is a homograph in Korean Hangul. The consistent orthographic inhibition for both age groups suggest that orthographic information is activated early and continues to play an important role throughout the course of Korean visual word recognition. The current study extends previous research with readers of Roman alphabets to readers of an alpha-syllabary orthography written in a non-linear spatial layout with more clear-cut syllable boundaries. Taken together, it appears that the involvement of semantic and orthographic information in the decomposition of morphologically complex word may vary depending on the characteristics of the orthography

Improving Civics Education Quality Through Two Stay Two Stray Technique: Classroom Action Research At Smk Negeri 2 Purbalingga 2010 – 2011

In essence, the learning process subjects Citizenship Education can be performed with various models and techniques. Models and techniques of learning works to facilitate students learning the material presented by the teacher, so as to increase student competence that ultimately increase learning outcomes. The research objective of this class action is to enhance the learning process and improve learning outcomes of students at SMK Negeri 2 Purbalingga through Two techniques stay two stray. Formulation of the problem in this study is "How the quality of the learning process of Citizenship Education at SMK N 2 Purbalingga years 2010-2011. This research was conducted by research design class action through 3 cycles and ach cycle conducted 2 meetings. Each cycle consists of four measures, planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Source of research data include primary data and secondary data. Measure of the success of class actions is an increase in learning outcomes so completely100%. The data analyzed are the results of the evaluation data(test results of student learning) and non-test of observational data from the observer. The results showed that two stray stay Two techniques to improve student learning outcomes proved the value of the average pre-cycle 48, cycle 1 score of 64, seklus 2 score 3 score of 68 and 72 cycles. Also increase the activity of the learning process that teachers do. Based on the observation sheet that has been filled by the observers obtained results of teacher activity score of7.7 in cycle 1, cycle 2 score of 8.33 and at the end of cycle 3score of 9.16. Likewise, students in the learning activities also increased. Initial cycle of a student activity reached 68.9, a 72.8cycle 2 and cycle 3 to 77.6. For group activities increased from a score of 81 in cycle 1, to 84 in cycle 2 and cycle 3 becomes. 86. Improved student learning outcomes from the initial conditionsexhaustiveness cycle 1 to 47.36% to 64%, 86% cycle 2 and cycle3 to complete 100%

The onset of synchronization in large networks of coupled oscillators

We study the transition from incoherence to coherence in large networks of coupled phase oscillators. We present various approximations that describe the behavior of an appropriately defined order parameter past the transition, and generalize recent results for the critical coupling strength. We find that, under appropriate conditions, the coupling strength at which the transition occurs is determined by the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix. We show how, with an additional assumption, a mean field approximation recently proposed is recovered from our results. We test our theory with numerical simulations, and find that it describes the transition when our assumptions are satisfied. We find that our theory describes the transition well in situations in which the mean field approximation fails. We study the finite size effects caused by nodes with small degree and find that they cause the critical coupling strength to increase.Comment: To appear in PRE; Added an Appendix, a reference, modified two figures and improved the discussion of the range of validity of perturbative approache

Individual limb mechanical analysis of gait following stroke

The step-to-step transition of walking requires significant mechanical and metabolic energy to redirect the center of mass. Inter-limb mechanical asymmetries during the step-to-step transition may increase overall energy demands and require compensation during single-support. The purpose of this study was to compare individual limb mechanical gait asymmetries during the step-to-step transitions, single-support and over a complete stride between two groups of individuals following stroke stratified by gait speed (≥0.8 m/s o

The Algebraic Theory of Matrix Polynomials

A matrix S is a solvent of the matrix polynomial M(X)=A₀Xᵐ +...+ Am if M(S)=O where A, X, and S are square matrices. In this paper we develop the algebraic theory of matrix polynomials and solvents. We define division and interpolation, investigate the properties of block Vandermonde matrices, and define and study the existence of a complete set of solvents. We study the relation between the matrix polynomial problem and the lambda-matrix problem, which is to find a scalar A₀λᵐ + A₁λᵐ⁻¹ +...+ Am is singular. In a future paper we extend Traub’s algorithm for calculating zeros of scalar polynomials to matrix polynomials and establish global convergence properties of this algorithm for a class of matrix polynomials

Identification of mycobiota in Serbian slaughterhouses

Mould growth within slaughterhouses is not acceptable and is considered as both economic and aesthetic problem. Aim of this paper was to determine filamentous moulds in two slaughterhouses by investigating air, water, environment area and equipment. There were a total of 100 samples collected. According to S a m s o n (2004), 6 genera were determined among which Penicillium and Aspergillus were the most frequent. Three Penicillium species were identified; the most frequent were P. brevicompactum and P. solitum. The presence of P. verrucosum was not established. The presence of mycotoxigenic moulds, such as P. brevicompactum, indicates possible contamination of environmental area with mycophenolic acid (MPA). Results of investigation indicated that more comprehensive survey should be made in order to get a better insight of mycobiota in slaughterhouses in Serbia

Density mismatch in thin diblock copolymer films

Thin films of diblock copolymer subject to gravitational field are simulated by means of a cell dynamical system model. The difference in density of the two sides of the molecule and the presence of the field causes the formation of lamellar patterns with orientation parallel to the confining walls even when they are neutral. The concentration profile of those films is analyzed in the weak segregation regime and a functional form for the profile is proposed.Comment: 9 pages and 8 figures. Needs EPSF macros. Submitted to PR

Rational Intervention Public Policy for Public Service Innovation

This study aims to discuss and compare population administration innovations in two different regencies to gain an understanding of how policies can intervene in public service innovations. Innovation is dependent on government policy as a guide for good public service development strategies. Policy intervention in public service innovation gives special attention to the coherent implementation of public service innovations. The policy will affect further innovation development alth o ugh i t c an be exc lud e d f ro m s o me i nnovati o n pro grams . Therefore, this research compares the innovation efforts of population administration in two different regencies to gain a better understanding of how policies intervene in public service innovation. This research was conducted in the Aceh Tenggara and Majalengka regencies in May-June 2019. Qualitative methods were used in this research with a comparative analysis (Qualitative Comparative Analysis). Data was obtained through a cross-sectional study and data analysis using a set and concept technique. With a theoretical guide developed by Hartley (2005), this research provides information that not all regency (government institutions) can innovate for a variety of reasons, and that decision-makers must be transformative leaders for their region in order to bring out the idea of innovation. In addition, managers should be able to translate policy intent and objectives with service programs. Further development of public service innovations and citizen participation is needed as respondents and external supervisors. That way policy interventions can provide opportunities for change in government institutions by reviewing policy goals and objectives, as well as the linkage factor between local and national policies being the main consideration

The role of the alloy structure in the magnetic behavior of granular systems

The effect of grain size, easy magnetization axis and anisotropy constant distributions in the irreversible magnetic behavior of granular alloys is considered. A simulated granular alloy is used to provide a realistic grain structure for the Monte Carlo simulation of the ZFC-FC curves. The effect of annealing and external field is also studied. The simulation curves are in good agreement with the FC and ZFC magnetization curves measured on melt spun Cu-Co ribbons.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PR