Reputation and Trust in Sharing Economy Platforms: The Case of Traity

The concept of reputation is assiduously used in various fields such as communication, public relations, advertising, marketing and management. The convergence between the rise of new technologies linked to corporate communication has favoured the birth of what has been called online reputation. Thus, unprecedented behaviours have been generated that are establishing new social forms and even some authors speak of a new economy of reputation where society would be highly connected through networks and organizations that would operate in an ecosystem of permanent influence from the interest groups. With this premise, Traity arises the project that we analyzed in our research and that raises a reputational score that takes advantage of the fingerprint information to reproduce online trust as we understand it in the physical world, but without trying to reduce its people into a percentage, a number or some stars.Ciencias de la Comunicació

Marco teórico y metodológico para la validación cualitativa de un modelo explicativo de las responsabilidad social en sociedades cooperativas

En este trabajo se presenta un marco teórico y una propuesta metodológica para la validación cualitativa de un modelo explicativo de la Responsabilidad Social en las Sociedades Cooperativas. La variable central de análisis, la llamada Orientación a la Responsabilidad Social en Cooperativas (ORSCOOP), no es directamente observable, siendo necesario medirla a través de un conjunto de indicadores. Igualmente ocurre con el resto de variables estratégicas con las que la ORSCOOP está relacionada en el modelo que proponemos (satisfacción de los socios, innovación, calidad del servicio y resultado cooperativo o desempeño). Para la validación de los indicadores se recurre a una metodología cualitativa en base a la valoración y acuerdo de un grupo de profesionales expertos quienes, por aplicación de la técnica Delphi, colaborarán para lograr una definición única y consensuada. A partir de sus opiniones y recomendaciones se llevarán a cabo las modificaciones oportunas con el fin de unificar los criterios procedentes de los distintos expertos. Como resultado se obtendrá una escala consensuada para cada variable del modelo propuesto. Esta unanimidad de opiniones en el resultado final será la base para un posterior tratamiento cuantitativo del modelo conceptual propuesto

Marco téorico y metodológico para la validación cualitativa de un modelo explicativo de la responsabilidad social en sociedades cooperativas

This paper presents a theoretical framework and a methodological proposal for qualitative validation of a model explaining Social Responsibility in Cooperative Societies. The main variable of analysis, called Orientation to Social Responsibility in Cooperatives (OSRCOOP), is not directly observable, and it is necessary to measure it through a set of indicators. Likewise with the other strategic variables with which OSRCOOP is related to the model we propose (member satisfaction, innovation, quality of service and cooperative outcome or performance). For validation of the indicators we use a qualitative methodology based on the assessment and agreement of a group of experts who, by application of the Delphi technique, will work together to achieve a single and agreed definition. From its views and recommendations the necessary changes will be implemented in order to unify the criteria from the various experts. As a result a consensus scale for each variable of the proposed model will be obtained. This unanimity in the opinions in the final result will be the basis for further quantitative treatment of the proposed conceptual model.En este trabajo se presenta un marco teórico y una propuesta metodológica para la validación cualitativa de un modelo explicativo de la Responsabilidad Social en las Sociedades Cooperativas. La variable central de análisis, la llamada Orientación a la Responsabilidad Social en Cooperativas (ORSCOOP), no es directamente observable, siendo necesario medirla a través de un conjunto de indicadores. Igualmente ocurre con el resto de variables estratégicas con las que la ORSCOOP está relacionada en el modelo que proponemos (satisfacción de los socios, innovación, calidad del servicio y resultado cooperativo o desempeño). Para la validación de los indicadores se recurre a una metodología cualitativa en base a la valoración y acuerdo de un grupo de profesionales expertos quienes, por aplicación de la técnica Delphi, colaborarán para lograr una definición única y consensuada. A partir de sus opiniones y recomendaciones se llevarán a cabo las modificaciones oportunas con el fin de unificar los criterios procedentes de los distintos expertos. Como resultado se obtendrá una escala consensuada para cada variable del modelo propuesto. Esta unanimidad de opiniones en el resultado final será la base para un posterior tratamiento cuantitativo del modelo conceptual propuesto

Solar Degradation of Sulfamethazine Using rGO/Bi Composite Photocatalysts

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and by FEDER (CTQ2016-80978-C2−1-R), and the authors thank to Dr. Isabel Guerra Tschuschke for the technical advice during the VP-SEM study at the CIC-UGR.Heterogeneous photocatalysts for water decontamination were obtained by the optimized synthesis of bismuth-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO/Bi) using the Hummer method and microwave treatment. Sulfamethazine (SMZ) was used as model pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic efficacy. Photocatalysts were characterized by VP-SEM, HRTEM, XDR, XPS, RAMAN, and FTIR analyses, which confirmed the effective reduction of GO to rGO and the presence of bismuth as a crystalline phase of Bi2O3 polydispersed on the surface. Their performance was influenced by the rGO/Bi ratio, microwave temperature, and treatment time. The as-obtained 5%rGO/Bi composite had the highest photocatalytic activity for SMZ degradation under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm), achieving 100% degradation after only 2 h of treatment. The degradation yield decreased with higher percentages of rGO. Accordingly, the rGO/Bi catalysts efficiently removed SMZ, showing a high photocatalytic activity, and remained unchanged after three treatment cycles; furthermore, cytotoxicity tests demonstrated the nontoxicity of the aqueous medium after SMZ degradation. These findings support the potential value of these novel composites as photocatalysts to selectively remove pollutants in water treatment plants.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness CTQ2016-80978-C2-1-REuropean Union (EU) CTQ2016-80978-C2-1-

Comparative Study of the Oxidative Degradation of Different 4-Aminobenzene Sulfonamides in Aqueous Solution by Sulfite Activation in the Presence of Fe(0), Fe(II), Fe(III) or Fe(VI)

This study is focused on advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) using the combined effect of Fe(0–VI)/sulfite systems, that produce mainly SO4 radicals, to remove di erent 4-aminobenzene sulfonamides (SAs), namely sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, sulfamethizole, from aqueous solutions. Results obtained showed that neither sulfite nor iron alone is able to degrade SAs; however, the combined effect depends on the oxidation state of iron species whose effectiveness to activate sulfite to promote the degradation of SAs increased following this order: Fe(III) < Fe(II) < Fe(0) < Fe(VI). Using Fe(VI)/sulfite, the complete removal of SAs was obtained in 5 min largely surpassing the effectiveness of the other three systems. The sulfonamides’ removal percentage was markedly influenced by sulfite concentration and dissolved oxygen, which improved the generation of oxidant radicals. Response surface methodology was applied, and a quadratic polynomial model was obtained, which allowed us to determine the percentage of SAs degradation as a function of both the iron species and sulfite concentrations. The study of the influence of the water matrix on these AOTs revealed an inhibition of SAs’ removal percentage when using ground water. This is probably due to the presence of different anions, such as HCO3 -, Cl-, and SO4 2- in relatively high concentrations. According to the byproducts identified, the proposed degradation pathways include hydroxylation, SO2 extrusion, and different bond-cleavage processes. Cytotoxicity of degradation byproducts, using MTS assay with HEK 293 and J774 cell lines for the first time, did not show an inhibition in cell proliferation, sustaining the safety of the process.This research was funded by both Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, grant number CTQ2016-80978-C2-1-R, and CONACyT (Mexico), grant number 407494

Dos años de estudios aerobiológicos en Vélez-Málaga (sur de España): periodo Febrero-Junio

XV lnternational A.P.L.E. Symposium of Palynolog

Primeros pasos hacia la inclusión: actitudes hacia la discapacidad de docentes en educación infantil

It is considered that the most effective way to create a more just and egalitarian society is an inclusive school that guarantees all children, regardless of their characteristics and educational needs, the right to quality education (UNESCO, 1994). One of the essential elements when conducting an educational inclusion is the attitude of teachers. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the early childhood education teachers’ attitudes toward students with special educational needs. To this end, it was applied the scale ot attitudes towards disabled people to 78 early childhood education teachers, from 14 centers in the province of Granada (Verdugo, Jenaro&amp; Arias, 2002). From the results it can be concluded that there is generally a positive attitude towards disability, being teachers of second cycle of early childhood education those with more positive attitudes. The results are discussed, and we conclude that we offer a pioneering study in its field, since no research has been found that addresses both cycles of Early Childhood Education. This allows to analyze if the teachers of this stage have the necessary training to carry out a quality education for all the students. The need to focus on this stage lies in its preventive nature, because the inclusive education as prevention for social exclusion is the most effective means of combating attitudes of discrimination (Echeita, 2006).Se considera que el medio más eficaz para crear una sociedad más justa e igualitaria es una escuela inclusiva, que garantice a todos los niños, independientemente de sus características y necesidades educativas, el derecho a una educación de calidad (UNESCO, 1994). Uno de los elementos esenciales a la hora de llevar a cabo una inclusión educativa es la actitud de los docentes. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar las actitudes que tienen los docentes de educación infantil de Granada acerca de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. Para ello, se aplicó a 78 docentes de Educación Infantil, de 14 centros la provincia de Granada, la Escala de Actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad (Verdugo, Jenaro &amp; Arias, 2002). De los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que existe, en general, una actitud positiva hacia la discapacidad, siendo los docentes de segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil los que presentan actitudes más positivas. Se discuten los resultados, y se concluye como nos encontramos ante un estudio pionero en su campo, ya que no se han encontrado investigaciones que aborden ambos ciclos de Educación Infantil. Esto permite analizar si los docentes de esta etapa tienen la formación necesaria para llevar a cabo una educación de calidad para todo el alumnado. La necesidad de centrarnos en esta etapa radica en el carácter preventivo de la misma, en la medida en que la inclusión educativa como prevención para la exclusión social es el medio más efectivo para combatir las actitudes de discriminación (Echeita, 2006)

Seed dormancy responses to temperature relate to Nothofagus species distribution and determine temporal patterns of germination across altitudes in Patagonia

507-520. Seeds integrate environmental cues that modulate their dormancy and germination. Although many mechanisms have been identified in laboratory experiments, their contribution to germination dynamics in existing communities and their involvement in defining species habitats remain elusive. . By coupling mathematical models with ecological data we investigated the contribution of seed temperature responses to the dynamics of germination of three Nothofagus species that are sharply distributed across different altitudes in the Patagonian Andes. . Seed responsiveness to temperature of the three Nothofagus species was linked to the thermal characteristics of their preferred ecological niche. In their natural distribution range, there was overlap in the timing of germination of the species, which was restricted to mid - spring. By contrast, outside their species distribution range, germination was temporally uncoupled with altitude. This phenomenon was described mathematically by the interplay between interspecific differences in seed population thermal parameters and the range in soil thermic environments across different altitudes. . The observed interspecific variations in seed responsiveness to temperature and its environmental regulation, constitute a major determinant of the dynamics of Nothofagus germination across elevations. This phenomenon likely contributes to the maintenance of patterns of species abundance across altitude by placing germinated seeds in a favorable environment for plant growth